实战篇：（四）Vue2 + Three.js 创建可交互的360度全景视图，可控制旋转、缩放完整代码

Vue2 + Three.js 创建可交互的360度全景视图，可控制旋转、缩放

引言

在现代网页开发中，三维图形技术已经成为提升用户体验的重要工具。本文将展示如何使用 Three.js 创建一个简单的可交互360度全景视图。通过这一项目，你将能够学习到基本的场景设置、相机控制以及用户交互的实现方式。

效果展示

在这里插入图片描述

环境准备

首先，你需要在项目中引入 Three.js。可以通过 npm 安装：

npm install three

确保你的项目结构中有一个名为 images 的文件夹，并放入一张全景图像（如 001.jpg），以便后续使用。

代码示例

下面是实现可交互360度全景视图的 Vue.js 组件代码：

<template><div class="c-width c-height" id="containerVr"></div>
</template><script>
import * as THREE from 'three';
import PANO0001 from './images/001.jpg';export default {name: 'containerVr',data() {return {scene: null,camera: null,renderer: null,};},mounted() {this.init();},methods: {init(img) {img = img ? img : PANO0001;const containerVr = document.getElementById('containerVr');containerVr.innerHTML = '';// 初始化用户交互变量let isUserInteracting = false,onPointerDownMouseX = 0, onPointerDownMouseY = 0,lon = 0, onPointerDownLon = 0,lat = 0, onPointerDownLat = 0,phi = 0, theta = 0;// 创建相机对象const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 1100);// 创建场景对象const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建球体几何体，表示全景图的表面const geometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(500, 60, 40);geometry.scale(-1, 1, 1);// 加载并设置全景图纹理const texture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(img);texture.colorSpace = THREE.SRGBColorSpace;const material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ map: texture });// 创建网格对象，将几何体和材质结合const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);scene.add(mesh);// 创建渲染器并设置参数const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);// 将渲染器的DOM元素添加到容器中containerVr.appendChild(renderer.domElement);containerVr.style.touchAction = 'none';// 添加事件监听器以处理用户交互containerVr.addEventListener('pointerdown', onPointerDown);document.addEventListener('wheel', onDocumentMouseWheel);// 窗口大小调整事件window.addEventListener('resize', onWindowResize);function onWindowResize() {camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;camera.updateProjectionMatrix();renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);}// Pointer Down事件处理function onPointerDown(event) {if (event.isPrimary === false) return;isUserInteracting = true;onPointerDownMouseX = event.clientX;onPointerDownMouseY = event.clientY;onPointerDownLon = lon;onPointerDownLat = lat;document.addEventListener('pointermove', onPointerMove);document.addEventListener('pointerup', onPointerUp);}// Pointer Move事件处理function onPointerMove(event) {if (event.isPrimary === false) return;lon = (onPointerDownMouseX - event.clientX) * 0.1 + onPointerDownLon; lat = (event.clientY - onPointerDownMouseY) * 0.1 + onPointerDownLat;}// Pointer Up事件处理function onPointerUp() {if (event.isPrimary === false) return;isUserInteracting = false;document.removeEventListener('pointermove', onPointerMove);document.removeEventListener('pointerup', onPointerUp);}// 滚轮事件处理function onDocumentMouseWheel(event) {if (event.toElement.getAttribute('data-engine') && event.toElement.getAttribute('data-engine').indexOf('three.js') > -1) {const fov = camera.fov + event.deltaY * 0.05; camera.fov = THREE.MathUtils.clamp(fov, 10, 75); camera.updateProjectionMatrix(); }}// 动画循环function animate() {requestAnimationFrame(animate);update();}// 更新函数，处理相机位置和渲染function update() {if (isUserInteracting === false) {lon += 0.02; }lat = Math.max(-85, Math.min(85, lat));phi = THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(90 - lat);theta = THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(lon);const x = 500 * Math.sin(phi) * Math.cos(theta);const y = 500 * Math.cos(phi);const z = 500 * Math.sin(phi) * Math.sin(theta);camera.lookAt(x, y, z); renderer.render(scene, camera); }animate(); },// 设置图像的方法setImg(url) {let loader = new THREE.TextureLoader(); let texture = loader.load(url); let material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({map: texture, side: THREE.DoubleSide });return material; },}
}
</script><style scoped>
#containerVr {width: 100% !important; flex: 1 !important; 
}
#containerVr >>> canvas {max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; 
}
</style>