写在前面
- 分享一个
Yaml
资源文件转Helm Charts
包的小工具helmify
- 博文内容涉及:
helmify
工具安装,简单使用YAML
静态文件转化为 HELM charts 包- 从
kustomize
输出转化为Helm
- 理解不足小伙伴帮忙指正
- 博文涉及
helmify
我心匪石,不可转也。我心匪席,不可卷也。——《邶风·柏舟》
简单介绍及安装
如果部署环境涉及的 k8s API 资源比较多,往往会通过定义一个 charts 包来统一管理,变动的部分通过模板变量的方式引用。
正常我们创建一个 Helm chart 包。会通过命令 helm create
来创建
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$helm create liruilonghelm
Creating liruilonghelm
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$ls
index.yaml liruilonghelm mysql mysql-1.6.4.tgz
打包 push 私有 helm 源会通过下面的命令操作
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$helm package liruilonghelm/
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /root/ansible/k8s-helm-create/liruilonghelm-0.1.0.tgz
那么对于已经存在的 yaml 资源文件,或者部署的集群中的环境,如何生成 chart 包,可以把对应的 资源文件导出来,然后手工编写对应的 charts 包,类似 Ansible 中 角色的编写。
通过 helmify
我们可以把上面的过程变成自动的。helmify 支持大部分的 api 资源转化为 对应的 charts 包。Helmify 从 标准输入 读取支持的 k8s 对象列表,并将其转换为 helm chasrts。
我们还可以获得 k8s 上现有服务的 YAML 文件,并可以将其转换为使用 helmify。
helmify
支持的 k8s 资源:
- deployment
- daemonset
- service, Ingress
- PersistentVolumeClaim
- RBAC (serviceaccount, (cluster-)role, (cluster-)rolebinding)
- configs (configmap, secret)
- webhooks (cert, issuer, ValidatingWebhookConfiguration)
- custom resource definitions
下载安装
下载二进制安装包
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$wget https://github.com/arttor/helmify/releases/download/v0.3.22/helmify_0.3.22_Linux_64-bit.tar.gz
解压,配置为可执行文件
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$tar -zxvf helmify_0.3.22_Linux_64-bit.tar.gz
helmify
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$chmod +x helmify
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$mv helmify /usr/local/bin/
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$helmify -version
Version: 0.3.22
Build Time: 2022-12-17T15:55:46Z
Git Commit: 253310a3cd32156f6952e9a4a9ec4d1e387f7775
这里需要注意支持 Helm >=v3.6.0
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.2.1", GitCommit:"fe51cd1e31e6a202cba7dead9552a6d418ded79a", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.13.10"}
如果 helm 版本太旧的话,需要更新 Helm
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$tar -zxvf helm-v3.11.0-rc.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
linux-amd64/
linux-amd64/helm
linux-amd64/LICENSE
linux-amd64/README.md
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/
mv:是否覆盖"/usr/local/bin/helm"? y
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.11.0-rc.1", GitCommit:"9d8fee155bd7e7d3c1390f4076d9271a1147dce5", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.18.9"}
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/k8s-helm-create]
└─$
使用方式
将 YAML 文件转换为 Helm chart 包
dashboard 创建服务账号 sa
的一个 yaml 文件。
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible]
└─$cat dashboard-adminuser.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: admin-usernamespace: kubernetes-dashboard---apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:name: admin-user
roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: admin-usernamespace: kubernetes-dashboard
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible]
└─$cat dashboard-adminuser.yaml | helmify mychart
可以通过下面的方式生成 charts 包
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible]
└─$cat dashboard-adminuser.yaml | helmify mychart
生成的数据文件信息
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/mychart]
└─$tree -h
.
├── [1.1K] Chart.yaml
├── [ 77] templates
│ ├── [ 405] admin-user-rbac.yaml
│ ├── [ 157] deployment.yaml
│ └── [1.7K] _helpers.tpl
└── [ 39] values.yaml1 directory, 5 files
可以通过下面的命令查看生成的 charts
包 的资源文件
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/mychart]
└─$helm template ./
---
# Source: mychart/templates/deployment.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: release-name-mychart-admin-userlabels:helm.sh/chart: mychart-0.1.0app.kubernetes.io/name: mychartapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-nameapp.kubernetes.io/version: "0.1.0"app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
---
# Source: mychart/templates/admin-user-rbac.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:name: release-name-mychart-admin-userlabels:helm.sh/chart: mychart-0.1.0app.kubernetes.io/name: mychartapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-nameapp.kubernetes.io/version: "0.1.0"app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: 'release-name-mychart-admin-user'namespace: 'liruilong-topo-namespace'
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/ansible/mychart]
└─$
也可以从带有 yamls 的目录生成:
awk 'FNR==1 && NR!=1 {print "---"}{print}' /<my_directory>/*.yaml | helmify mychart
从kustomize输出转换为 Helm chart 包
一个简单的 Demo
下面为一个 kustomize
元文件。
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$cat kustomization.yaml
namespace: my-namespace
namePrefix: dev-
nameSuffix: "-001"
commonLabels:app: liruilong-app
commonAnnotations:isDemo: "true"
configMapGenerator:
- name: example-configmap-liruilong-envliterals:- FOO=Bar
通过下面的命令我们可以看到 kustomize
生成的 yaml 文件的内容。
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$kustomize build ./
apiVersion: v1
data:FOO: Bar
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:annotations:isDemo: "true"labels:app: liruilong-appname: dev-example-configmap-liruilong-env-001-42cfbf598fnamespace: my-namespace
使用下面的命令我们可以生成上面 kustomize build
生成的 charts
包
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$kustomize build ./ | helmify mychart
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$ls
kustomization.yaml mychart
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$tree -h mychart/
mychart/
├── [1.1K] Chart.yaml
├── [ 89] templates
│ ├── [ 333] dev-example-configmap-liruilong-env-001-42cfbf598f.yaml
│ └── [1.7K] _helpers.tpl
└── [ 96] values.yaml1 directory, 4 files
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$
查看生成的 charts
包的 yaml
资源内容。
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize/failed]
└─$helm template ./mychart
---
# Source: mychart/templates/dev-example-configmap-liruilong-env-001-42cfbf598f.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: release-name-mychart-dev-example-configmap-liruilong-env-001-42cfbf598flabels:app: liruilong-apphelm.sh/chart: mychart-0.1.0app.kubernetes.io/name: mychartapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-nameapp.kubernetes.io/version: "0.1.0"app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helmannotations:isDemo: "true"
data:FOO: "Bar"
Deployment Demo
一个通过 kustomize
来生成一个 Deployment
资源的 Demo,kustomization
文件定义。
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$cat kustomization.yaml
resources:
- deploy.yaml
configMapGenerator:
- name: example-configmap-liruilongfiles:- application.properties┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$
生成的 YAML 资源文件
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$kubectl kustomize ./
apiVersion: v1
data:application.properties: |sendSMS.maxAuthSendNumber=3sendSMS.maxAuthNumber=3sendSMS.validationCodeExpirationTime=300000sendSMS.VerificationCodeLength=4
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:creationTimestamp: nulllabels:app: webname: web
spec:replicas: 3selector:matchLabels:app: webstrategy: {}template:metadata:creationTimestamp: nulllabels:app: webspec:containers:- image: nginx:1.14.2name: nginx-webports:- containerPort: 80name: nginx-webvolumes:- configMap:name: example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6name: configresources: {}
status: {}
通过 helmify
生成对应的 chart
包, -v
可以查看详细的生成信息。
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$kubectl kustomize ./ | helmify -v nginx-web
INFO[0000] creating a chart ChartName=nginx-web Namespace=
INFO[0000] Skip creating Chart skeleton: Chart.yaml already exists.
INFO[0000] overwritten file=nginx-web/templates/example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6.yaml
INFO[0000] overwritten file=nginx-web/templates/deployment.yaml
INFO[0000] overwritten file=nginx-web/values.yaml
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$kubectl kustomize ./ | helmify -vv nginx-web
DEBU[0000] Start processing...
DEBU[0000] decoded ApiVersion=v1 Kind=ConfigMap Name=example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6
DEBU[0000] decoded ApiVersion=apps/v1 Kind=Deployment Name=web
DEBU[0000] EOF received. Finishing input objects decoding.
INFO[0000] creating a chart ChartName=nginx-web Namespace=
DEBU[0000] processed ApiVersion=v1 Kind=ConfigMap Name=example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6
DEBU[0000] processed ApiVersion=apps/v1 Kind=Deployment Name=web
INFO[0000] Skip creating Chart skeleton: Chart.yaml already exists.
DEBU[0000] writing a template into file=nginx-web/templates/example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6.yaml
INFO[0000] overwritten file=nginx-web/templates/example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6.yaml
DEBU[0000] writing a template into file=nginx-web/templates/deployment.yaml
INFO[0000] overwritten file=nginx-web/templates/deployment.yaml
INFO[0000] overwritten file=nginx-web/values.yaml
生成的 helm
charts
文件结构
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$tree nginx-web/
nginx-web/
├── Chart.yaml
├── templates
│ ├── deployment.yaml
│ ├── example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6.yaml
│ └── _helpers.tpl
└── values.yaml1 directory, 5 files
可以通过下面的方式查看 chart 包的 YAML 文件信息
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$helm template nginx-web/
---
# Source: nginx-web/templates/example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: release-name-nginx-web-example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6labels:helm.sh/chart: nginx-web-0.1.0app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx-webapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-nameapp.kubernetes.io/version: "0.1.0"app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
data:application.properties: |sendSMS.maxAuthSendNumber="3"sendSMS.maxAuthNumber="3"sendSMS.validationCodeExpirationTime="300000"sendSMS.VerificationCodeLength="4"
---
# Source: nginx-web/templates/deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: release-name-nginx-web-weblabels:app: webhelm.sh/chart: nginx-web-0.1.0app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx-webapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-nameapp.kubernetes.io/version: "0.1.0"app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
spec:replicas: 3selector:matchLabels:app: webapp.kubernetes.io/name: nginx-webapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-nametemplate:metadata:labels:app: webapp.kubernetes.io/name: nginx-webapp.kubernetes.io/instance: release-namespec:containers:- env:- name: KUBERNETES_CLUSTER_DOMAINvalue: cluster.localimage: nginx:1.14.2name: nginx-webports:- containerPort: 80name: nginx-webresources: {}volumes:- configMap:name: release-name-nginx-web-example-configmap-liruilong-42d226k4h6name: config
┌──[root@vms81.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/kustomize]
└─$
博文参考
https://medium.com/geekculture/convert-kubernetes-yaml-files-into-helm-charts-4107de079455