apt-get install chage
CentOS7 默认是自带这个命令的
一 列出用户密码相关信息：
列出root用户密码相关信息：
1：对于密码永不会过期的类型举例：
[root@zabbix_nginx ~]# chage --list root 或 chage -l root
Last password change : never
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@zabbix_nginx ~]#
2: 对于密码会过期的类型举例：
[root@liantong-jtfwq ~]# chage --list root 或 chage -l root
Last password change : Feb 25, 2019 // 上次密码修改的时间
Password expires : May 26, 2019 // 密码有效截至日期
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 90 // 密码有效期90天（3个月）
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7 // 密码过期之前7天会提示密码过期
[root@liantong-jtfwq ~]#
二 更改root用户密码
[root@liantong-jtfwq ~]# passwd
Changing password for user root.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
注意：如果是非root用户，比如普通用户tom，更改tom用户密码的命令为： passwd tom
三 通过参数 -M 设置账户密码的到期时间
语法： chage -M number-of-days username
(扩展：
-M 指定的是密码有效的最大天数
-m 指定的是密码有效的最小天数。不建议用-m, 使用 默认 最小天数0 即可
)
[root@liantong-jtfwq ~]# chage -M 10 root
[root@liantong-jtfwq ~]# chage --list root 或 chage -l root
Last password change : Feb 25, 2019
Password expires : Mar 07, 2019
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 10
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
密码到期时间变成了十天后。
四 密码过期前几天（具体几天视自己设置而定）会有消息提醒
密码过期前的消息提醒信息类似如下：
Warning: your password will expire in 6 days
五 密码过期时，会强制用户修改密码。
这个见我开篇时的第一张截图。
You are required to change your password immediately (password aged) WARNING: Your password has expired. You must change your password now and login again! Changing password for dhinesh (current) UNIX password: Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password:
六 前面讲的是密码过期，现在讲一下怎么设置账号的过期时间。----建议不要对root用户使用
可以使用 -E 选项设置账号的过期时间，时间格式为 “YYYY-MM-DD”
以普通账户 tom 进行举例：
chage -E “2019-05-21” tom
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]# chage --list tom
Last password change : Jan 24, 2019
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]#
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]# chage -E "2019-05-21" tom // 设置账户tom过期截至日期
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]# chage --list tom
Last password change : Jan 24, 2019
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : May 21, 2019
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]#
七 设置用户账密永不过期
chage -m 0 -M 99999 -E -1 tom
参数解释： -m 0 # will set the minimum number of days between password change to 0 -M 99999 # will set the maximum number of days between password change to 99999 -E -1 (number minus one) # will set “Account expires” to never.
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]# chage --list tom
Last password change : Jan 24, 2019
Password expires : Feb 03, 2019
Password inactive : Feb 23, 2019
Account expires : Jan 02, 1970
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 10
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]# chage -m 0 -M 99999 -E -1 tom
[root@liantong-ybjt ~]# chage --list tom
Last password change : Jan 24, 2019
