Gateway与WebFlux的整合

server/2025/1/18 14:24:08/

 WebFlux：HandlerMapping

HandlerMapping下主要分为2个分支：AbstractUrlHandlerMapping和AbstractHandlerMethodMapping，其中AbstractUrlHandlerMapping用于url与handler的匹配，AbstractHandlerMethodMapping用于HandlerMethod与handler的匹配，2者均继承于AbstractHandlerMapping，更详细的后续会单独开一篇文章。

AbstractHandlerMapping

java">public abstract class AbstractHandlerMapping extends ApplicationObjectSupportimplements HandlerMapping, Ordered, BeanNameAware {@Overridepublic Mono<Object> getHandler(ServerWebExchange exchange) {return getHandlerInternal(exchange).map(handler -> {if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug(exchange.getLogPrefix() + "Mapped to " + handler);}ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();if (hasCorsConfigurationSource(handler) || CorsUtils.isPreFlightRequest(request)) {CorsConfiguration config = (this.corsConfigurationSource != null ? this.corsConfigurationSource.getCorsConfiguration(exchange) : null);CorsConfiguration handlerConfig = getCorsConfiguration(handler, exchange);config = (config != null ? config.combine(handlerConfig) : handlerConfig);if (!this.corsProcessor.process(config, exchange) || CorsUtils.isPreFlightRequest(request)) {return REQUEST_HANDLED_HANDLER;}}return handler;});}protected abstract Mono<?> getHandlerInternal(ServerWebExchange exchange);
}

可以看出这里的核心方法是getHandler，而内部的真实实现位于getHandlerInternal，这是个抽象方法并未实现。

WebFlux：HandlerAdapter

这里简单介绍下：

  • HandlerFunctionAdapter：支持HandlerFunction的实例，业务实现方法为HandlerFunction#handle
  • RequestMappingHandlerAdapter：这是日常业务开发用到最多的，对应的支持类型为HandlerMethod，业务方法为各自定义的方法，无具体的限制方法
  • SimpleHandlerAdapter：要求handler的类型为WebHandler或者其子类的实现类，业务实现方法为WebHandler#handle
  • WebSocketHandlerAdapter：要求handler的类型为WebSocketHandler或者其子类的实现类，业务实现方法为WebSocketHandler#handle，这里涉及到WebSocketService的处理，支持webSocket协议的处理

WebFlux：HandlerResultHandler

简单介绍下：

  • ResponseBodyResultHandler：支持类或者方法上有@ResponseBody注解的数据处理
  • ResponseEntityResultHandler：支持返回值是HttpEntity或其子类实例(不能是RequestEntity及其子类的实例)、HttpHeaders及其子类实例的数据处理
  • ServerResponseResultHandler：支持返回值是ServerResponse实例的数据处理
  • ViewResolutionResultHandler：支持CharSequence、Rendering、Model、Map、View、非简单属性及其子类实例的数据处理，这里的简单类型如下 
    java">public static boolean isSimpleValueType(Class<?> type) {return (Void.class != type && void.class != type &&(ClassUtils.isPrimitiveOrWrapper(type) ||Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(type) ||CharSequence.class.isAssignableFrom(type) ||Number.class.isAssignableFrom(type) ||Date.class.isAssignableFrom(type) ||Temporal.class.isAssignableFrom(type) ||URI.class == type ||URL.class == type ||Locale.class == type ||Class.class == type));}

Gateway：GatewayAutoConfiguration

java">@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@EnableConfigurationProperties
@AutoConfigureBefore({ HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration.class, WebFluxAutoConfiguration.class })
@AutoConfigureAfter({ GatewayLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration.class, GatewayClassPathWarningAutoConfiguration.class })
@ConditionalOnClass(DispatcherHandler.class)
public class GatewayAutoConfiguration {@Beanpublic FilteringWebHandler filteringWebHandler(List<GlobalFilter> globalFilters) {return new FilteringWebHandler(globalFilters);}@Beanpublic RoutePredicateHandlerMapping routePredicateHandlerMapping(FilteringWebHandler webHandler, RouteLocator routeLocator,GlobalCorsProperties globalCorsProperties, Environment environment) {return new RoutePredicateHandlerMapping(webHandler, routeLocator, globalCorsProperties, environment);}}

这里主要标出主流程涉及到的类：

  • RoutePredicateHandlerMapping：负责路由匹配
  • FilteringWebHandler：负责过滤器的执行

Gateway:RoutePredicateHandlerMapping

java">public class RoutePredicateHandlerMapping extends AbstractHandlerMapping {private final FilteringWebHandler webHandler;@Overrideprotected Mono<?> getHandlerInternal(ServerWebExchange exchange) {// don't handle requests on management port if set and different than server portif (this.managementPortType == DIFFERENT && this.managementPort != null&& exchange.getRequest().getURI().getPort() == this.managementPort) {return Mono.empty();}exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_HANDLER_MAPPER_ATTR, getSimpleName());return lookupRoute(exchange)// .log("route-predicate-handler-mapping", Level.FINER) //name this.flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Mapping [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "] to " + r);}exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);return Mono.just(webHandler);}).switchIfEmpty(Mono.empty().then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("No RouteDefinition found for [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "]");}})));}protected Mono<Route> lookupRoute(ServerWebExchange exchange) {return this.routeLocator.getRoutes()// individually filter routes so that filterWhen error delaying is not a// problem.concatMap(route -> Mono.just(route).filterWhen(r -> {// add the current route we are testingexchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR, r.getId());return r.getPredicate().apply(exchange);})// instead of immediately stopping main flux due to error, log and swallow it.doOnError(e -> logger.error("Error applying predicate for route: " + route.getId(), e)).onErrorResume(e -> Mono.empty()))// .defaultIfEmpty() put a static Route not found// or .switchIfEmpty()// .switchIfEmpty(Mono.<Route>empty().log("noroute")).next()// TODO: error handling.map(route -> {if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Route matched: " + route.getId());}validateRoute(route, exchange);return route;});/** TODO: trace logging if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {* logger.trace("RouteDefinition did not match: " + routeDefinition.getId()); }*/}}
lookupRoute方法通过AsyncPredicate选择出对应的路由，并将路由id记录到ServerWebExchange的属性gatewayPredicateRouteAttr中，getHandlerInternal中则移除gatewayPredicateRouteAttr属性，将整个路由放入ServerWebExchange的gatewayRoute属性中，最后返回FilteringWebHandler

Gateway：FilteringWebHandler

java">public class FilteringWebHandler implements WebHandler {protected static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(FilteringWebHandler.class);private final List<GatewayFilter> globalFilters;public FilteringWebHandler(List<GlobalFilter> globalFilters) {this.globalFilters = loadFilters(globalFilters);}private static List<GatewayFilter> loadFilters(List<GlobalFilter> filters) {return filters.stream().map(filter -> {GatewayFilterAdapter gatewayFilter = new GatewayFilterAdapter(filter);if (filter instanceof Ordered) {int order = ((Ordered) filter).getOrder();return new OrderedGatewayFilter(gatewayFilter, order);}return gatewayFilter;}).collect(Collectors.toList());public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) {Route route = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR);List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = route.getFilters();List<GatewayFilter> combined = new ArrayList<>(this.globalFilters);combined.addAll(gatewayFilters);// TODO: needed or cached?AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(combined);if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {logger.debug("Sorted gatewayFilterFactories: " + combined);}return new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(combined).filter(exchange);}
}

FilteringWebHandler实现了WebHandler接口作为当前路由的handler返回，而在WebFlux中，对应的handlerAdapter则为SimpleHandlerAdapter，这里会调用handle方法，即FilteringWebHandler#handle，该方法中将路由中定义的filter即GatewayFilter和全局filter即GlobalFilter进行拼装并排序，构建了DefaultGatewayFilterChain过滤器链条：
java">private static class DefaultGatewayFilterChain implements GatewayFilterChain {@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange) {return Mono.defer(() -> {if (this.index < filters.size()) {GatewayFilter filter = filters.get(this.index);DefaultGatewayFilterChain chain = new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(this, this.index + 1);return filter.filter(exchange, chain);}else {return Mono.empty(); // complete}});}}

可以看出这里会逐个执行所有的过滤器逻辑

Gateway：默认全局过滤器

java">public class GatewayAutoConfiguration {@Bean@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilterpublic AdaptCachedBodyGlobalFilter adaptCachedBodyGlobalFilter() {return new AdaptCachedBodyGlobalFilter();}@Bean@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilterpublic RemoveCachedBodyFilter removeCachedBodyFilter() {return new RemoveCachedBodyFilter();}@Bean@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilterpublic RouteToRequestUrlFilter routeToRequestUrlFilter() {return new RouteToRequestUrlFilter();}@Bean@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilterpublic ForwardRoutingFilter forwardRoutingFilter(ObjectProvider<DispatcherHandler> dispatcherHandler) {return new ForwardRoutingFilter(dispatcherHandler);}@Bean@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilterpublic ForwardPathFilter forwardPathFilter() {return new ForwardPathFilter();}@Bean@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilterpublic WebsocketRoutingFilter websocketRoutingFilter(WebSocketClient webSocketClient, WebSocketService webSocketService,ObjectProvider<List<HttpHeadersFilter>> headersFilters) {return new WebsocketRoutingFilter(webSocketClient, webSocketService, headersFilters);}@Beanpublic WeightCalculatorWebFilter weightCalculatorWebFilter(ConfigurationService configurationService,ObjectProvider<RouteLocator> routeLocator) {return new WeightCalculatorWebFilter(routeLocator, configurationService);}}

可以看出默认的全局过滤器均需手动去开启，WeightCalculatorWebFilter为GateFilter的实现，用于权重的计算，默认会配置


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