第七章 回溯算法part05

* 491.递增子序列

class Solution {private List<Integer> path = new ArrayList<>();private List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();public List<List<Integer>> findSubsequences(int[] nums) {backtracking(nums,0);return res;}private void backtracking (int[] nums, int start) {if (path.size() > 1) {res.add(new ArrayList<>(path));}int[] used = new int[201];for (int i = start; i < nums.length; i++) {if (!path.isEmpty() && nums[i] < path.get(path.size() - 1) ||(used[nums[i] + 100] == 1)) continue;used[nums[i] + 100] = 1;path.add(nums[i]);backtracking(nums, i + 1);path.remove(path.size() - 1);}}
}

* 46.全排列

class Solution {List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();// 存放符合条件结果的集合LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();// 用来存放符合条件结果boolean[] used;public List<List<Integer>> permute(int[] nums) {if (nums.length == 0){return result;}used = new boolean[nums.length];permuteHelper(nums);return result;}private void permuteHelper(int[] nums){if (path.size() == nums.length){result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));return;}for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){if (used[i]){continue;}used[i] = true;path.add(nums[i]);permuteHelper(nums);path.removeLast();used[i] = false;}}
}

* 47.全排列 II

class Solution {//存放结果List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();//暂存结果List<Integer> path = new ArrayList<>();public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {boolean[] used = new boolean[nums.length];Arrays.fill(used, false);Arrays.sort(nums);backTrack(nums, used);return result;}private void backTrack(int[] nums, boolean[] used) {if (path.size() == nums.length) {result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));return;}for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {// used[i - 1] == true，说明同⼀树⽀nums[i - 1]使⽤过// used[i - 1] == false，说明同⼀树层nums[i - 1]使⽤过// 如果同⼀树层nums[i - 1]使⽤过则直接跳过if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1] && used[i - 1] == false) {continue;}//如果同⼀树⽀nums[i]没使⽤过开始处理if (used[i] == false) {used[i] = true;//标记同⼀树⽀nums[i]使⽤过，防止同一树枝重复使用path.add(nums[i]);backTrack(nums, used);path.remove(path.size() - 1);//回溯，说明同⼀树层nums[i]使⽤过，防止下一树层重复used[i] = false;//回溯}}}
}