Oracle 11g R2 常用配置与日志的文件位置(整理后的)

系统环境：Linux version 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64

数据库版本：11.2.0.1.0

环境变量:$ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

$ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

$ORACLE_SID=orcl

Linux在~/.bash_profile文件中设置, windows在注册表中。

1.监听 TNS等配置文件位置

1.1 linux

    [oracle@localhost audit]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
    [oracle@localhost admin]$ ls
    listener.ora samples shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora
    [oracle@localhost admin]$ pwd
    /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin
    [oracle@localhost admin]$

1.2 windows

%ORACLE_HOME%\network/admin

2.初始静态参数文件位置

关于oracle实例的spfile和pfile文件存放位置：

linux和unix环境则存放在$ORACLE_HOME\dbs目录下，windows环境下文件存放在$ORACLE_HOME\database目录下

2.1 linux

    [oracle@localhost dbs]$ pwd
    /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
    [oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
    hc_DBUA0.dat hc_orcl.dat init.ora lkORCL   orapworcl     spfileorcl.ora
    hc_KM.dat     initKM.ora   lkKM      orapwKM spfileKM.ora

2.2 windows

%ORACLE_BASE%\database

无论在linux还是windows在$ORACLE_HOME/admin/[SID]/pfile里都有一个pfile文件，这个文件的名字类似init.ora.5292018151558，在网上查了些资料，说这个是oracle的pfile自动备份

3.动态参数文件位置

3.1 linux

    [oracle@localhost dbs]$ pwd
    /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
    [oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
    hc_DBUA0.dat hc_orcl.dat init.ora      lkKM    orapwKM    spfileKM.ora
    hc_KM.dat     initKM.ora   initorcl.ora lkORCL orapworcl spfileorcl.ora

3.2 windows

%ORACLE_HOME%\dbs

4.审计信息

4.1 linux

    [oracle@localhost adump]$ pwd
    /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
    [oracle@localhost adump]$ ls
    orcl_ora_100382_1.aud orcl_ora_75484_1.aud orcl_ora_76285_1.aud orcl_ora_92140_1.aud
    orcl_ora_100416_1.aud orcl_ora_75484_2.aud orcl_ora_76291_1.aud orcl_ora_92232_1.aud
    orcl_ora_100707_1.aud orcl_ora_75563_1.aud orcl_ora_76305_1.aud orcl_ora_92247_1.aud
    orcl_ora_100817_1.aud orcl_ora_75646_1.aud orcl_ora_76306_1.aud orcl_ora_92251_1.aud
    orcl_ora_100924_1.aud orcl_ora_75647_1.aud orcl_ora_76328_1.aud orcl_ora_92263_1.aud
    orcl_ora_100927_1.aud orcl_ora_75647_2.aud orcl_ora_76329_1.aud orcl_ora_92268_1.aud
    [oracle@localhost adump]$

4.2 windows

%ORACLE_BASE%\admin\[SID]\adump

5.EM配置\监听配置\数据库创建的日志

5.1 linux

    [oracle@localhost adump]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/
    [oracle@localhost cfgtoollogs]$ ls
    dbca emca netca

    [oracle@localhost cfgtoollogs]$ cd dbca/
    [oracle@localhost dbca]$ ls
    KM orcl
    [oracle@localhost dbca]$ cd orcl/
    [oracle@localhost orcl]$ ls
    cloneDBCreation.log   mkplug_v3_orcl.log                           rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql
    CloneRmanRestore.log OraDb11g_home1_orcl_creation_checkpoint.xml trace.log
    emConfig.log          postDBCreation.log                           tts_example_imp.log
    lockAccount.log       postScripts.log

    [oracle@localhost cfgtoollogs]$ cd emca/
    [oracle@localhost emca]$ ls
    emca_2018_09_12_18_13_33.log KM orcl
    [oracle@localhost emca]$ cd orcl/
    [oracle@localhost orcl]$ ls
    emca_2018_08_17_01_01_55.log               emca_repos_config_2018_08_17_02_15_18.log
    emca_2018_08_17_02_09_33.log               emca_repos_create_2018_08_17_02_11_13.log
    emca_repos_config_2018_08_17_01_02_01.log emca_repos_drop_2018_08_17_02_10_20.log

    [oracle@localhost cfgtoollogs]$ cd netca/
    [oracle@localhost netca]$ ls
    netca_OraDb11g_home1-18081712AM5937.log trace_OraDb11g_home1-18081712AM5937.log

    [oracle@localhost orcl]$

5.2 windows

%ORACLE_BASE%\cfgtoollogs

6.会话跟踪文件-即trace文件

6.1 linux

    SQL> select value from v$diag_info where name='Diag Trace';

    VALUE
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace

    SQL>

6.2 windows

%ORACLE_BASE%\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace

7.数据库alert警告日志

7.1 linux

    SQL> select value from v$diag_info where name='Diag Alert';

    VALUE
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/alert

通过adr 查看日志:

    [oracle@localhost dbs]$ adrci

    ADRCI: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Sep 16 09:34:35 2018

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

    ADR base = "/u01/app/oracle"
    adrci> show alert

    Choose the alert log from the following homes to view:

    1: diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener
    2: diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
    3: diag/rdbms/km/KM
    Q: to quit

    Please select option: 2
    Output the results to file: /tmp/alert_8142_13976_orcl_1.ado

    Please select option:

7.2 windows

%ORACLE_BASE%\diag\rdbms\dw\dw\alert

Oracle 10g之前，告警日志位于bdump文件夹下，但11g对此做了变更，引入了ADR(一个存放数据库诊断日志、跟踪文件的目录)，它对应的初始化参数为DIAGNOSTIC_DEST，如果设置了$ORACLE_BASE环境变量，那么DIAGNOSTIC_DEST等于$ORACLE_BASE，如果没有设置$ORACLE_BASE，则等于$ORACLE_HOME/log

    可使用如下语句查询11g告警日志存放路径：

    --显示DIAGNOSTIC_DEST的位置

    1.show parameter DIAGNOSTIC_DEST; --查询xml文件的目录

    2.select value from v$diag_info where name='Diag Alert';

    --查询文本文件的目录

    3.select value from v$diag_info where name='Diag Trace';

    4.show parameter background_dump_dest;

    5.select value from v$parameter where name='background_dump_dest';

    --查询警告日志文件路径
    6.select value from v$diag_info where name='Diag Trace';

    注：Oracle 11g的告警日志以两种格式存储：一种是xml格式，另一种是文本格式。