数组（2）

news/2024/10/25 7:28:09/

文章目录

    • 9. 三子棋
  • 附：

9. 三子棋

类似于之前的猜数字小游戏，我们需要先把整个游戏的大体结构在主函数中实现出来：

//test.c#include <stdio.h>void menu()
{printf("*****************************\n");printf("********  1. play   *********\n");printf("********  0. exit   *********\n");printf("*****************************\n");
}int main()
{int input = 0;do{menu();printf("请选择:>");scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4switch (input){case 1:game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏\n");break;default:printf("选择错误，重新选择！\n");break;}} while (input);return 0;
}

接下来，我们需要对游戏内容进行具体地实现：

  1. 初始化棋盘

棋盘上一开始什么都没有，说明里面放的都是空格

//test.c#include "game.h"void game()
{char board[3][3] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, 3, 3);
}

在game.h中对函数进行声明

//game.h//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[3][3], int row, int col);

这里我们思考一下：如果我们不想玩三子棋，而想玩四子棋，那么我们是不是需要把所有是3的地方全部改成4，这样就太繁琐了，那么要如何解决呢？

//game.h#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//test.c#include "game.h"void game()
{char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}

在game.c中对函数进行定义

//game.c#include "game.h"//初始化棋盘为空格
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){board[i][j] = ' ';}}}
  1. 打印棋盘
//test.c#include "game.h"void game()
{char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}

//game.h#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

因为在game.c中实现打印棋盘，要引用头文件stdio.h，而test.c中也需要引用stdio.h；同时，test.c和game.c又都引用了game.h，所以我们可以直接在game.h中引用stdio.h

//game.h#include <stdio.h>#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//game.c#include "game.h"//版本一
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("%c", board[i][j]);}printf("\n");}}

以上打印方法打印出来屏幕上什么也没有，这是因为我们打印的是空格，所以我们还需要加一下分界线

//game.c#include "game.h"//版本2
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){//1. 打印数据printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[i][0], board[i][1], board[i][2]);//2. 打印分割线if (i < row - 1){printf("---|---|---\n");}}}

以上打印方法不具有普适性，如果改变行和列，打印出来的棋盘就不对了

//game.c#include "game.h"//版本3
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){//1. 打印数据int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}printf("\n");//2. 打印分割线if (i < row - 1){//printf("---|---|---\n");int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}printf("\n");}}}
  1. 玩家下棋
//test.c#include "game.h"void game()
{char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//下棋//玩家下棋PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}

//game.h#include <stdio.h>#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//game.c#include "game.h"void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("玩家下棋>:\n");while (1){printf("请输入下棋的坐标，中间使用空格>:");scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);//坐标合法if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col){if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])//可以落子{board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';break;}else{printf("坐标被占有，不能落子，重新输入坐标\n");}}else//非法{printf("坐标非法，重新输入\n");}}}
  1. 电脑下棋

我们先让玩家和电脑一直下棋

//test.c#include "game.h"void game()
{char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//下棋while (1){//玩家下棋PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//电脑下棋ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);}}int main()
{srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));return 0;
}

//game.h#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//game.c#include "game.h"//电脑随机下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int x = 0;//0～row-1int y = 0;//0～col-1printf("电脑下棋>:\n");while (1){x = rand() % row;y = rand() % col;if (' ' == board[x][y]){board[x][y] = '#';break;}}}
  1. 判断输赢

玩家赢 - ‘*’
电脑赢 - ‘#’
平局 - ‘Q’
继续 - ‘C’

//test.c#include "game.h"void game()
{char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//下棋char ret = 0;while (1){//玩家下棋PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//判断输赢ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret != 'C'){break;}//电脑下棋ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//判断输赢ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret != 'C'){break;}}if ('*' == ret){printf("玩家赢\n");}else if ('#' == ret){printf("电脑赢\n");}else{printf("平局\n");}}

//game.h#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//判断输赢
//玩家赢 - '*'
//电脑赢 - '#'
//平局 - 'Q'
//继续 - 'C'char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//game.c#include "game.h"int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (' ' == board[i][j]){return 0;}}}return 1;
}//版本一
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{//赢//行int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if ((board[i][0]==board[i][1]) && (board[i][1]==board[i][2]) && (board[i][0]!=' ')){return board[i][0];}}//列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){if ((board[0][i]==board[1][i]) && (board[1][i]==board[2][i]) && (board[0][i]!=' ')){return board[0][i];}}//对角线if ((board[0][0]==board[1][1]) && (board[1][1]==board[2][2]) && (board[1][1]!=' ')){return board[1][1];}if ((board[0][2]==board[1][1]) && (board[1][1]==board[2][0]) && (board[1][1]!=' ')){return board[1][1];}//平局if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'Q';}//继续return 'C';
}

以上写法也不具有普适性

//game.c#include "game.h"int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (' ' == board[i][j]){return 0;}}}return 1;
}//版本二
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{//赢//行int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;int count = 0;for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++){if ((board[i][j] != ' ') && (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1])){count++;}}if ((col - 1) == count){return board[i][0];}}//列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){int j = 0;int count = 0;for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++){if ((board[j][i] != ' ') && (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i])){count++;}}if ((row - 1) == count){return board[0][i];}}//对角线int count = 0;for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++){if ((board[i][i]!=' ') && (board[i][i]==board[i + 1][i + 1])){count++;}}if ((row - 1) == count){return board[0][0];}count = 0;for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++){if ((board[i][col-1-i]!=' ') && (board[i][col-1-i]==board[i+1][col-2-i])){count++;}}if ((row-1) == count){return board[0][col - 1];}//平局if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'Q';}//继续return 'C';
}

以下为完整代码：

//game.h#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>#define ROW 3
#define COL 3//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//判断输赢
//玩家赢 - '*'
//电脑赢 - '#'
//平局 - 'Q'
//继续 - 'C'char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//game.c#include "game.h"//初始化棋盘为空格
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){board[i][j] = ' ';}}}void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){//1. 打印数据int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}printf("\n");//2. 打印分割线if (i < row - 1){//printf("---|---|---\n");int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}printf("\n");}}}void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("玩家下棋>:\n");while (1){printf("请输入下棋的坐标，中间使用空格>:");scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);//坐标合法if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col){if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])//可以落子{board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';break;}else{printf("坐标被占有，不能落子，重新输入坐标\n");}}else//非法{printf("坐标非法，重新输入\n");}}}//电脑随机下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int x = 0;//0～row-1int y = 0;//0～col-1printf("电脑下棋>:\n");while (1){x = rand() % row;y = rand() % col;if (' ' == board[x][y]){board[x][y] = '#';break;}}}int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (' ' == board[i][j]){return 0;}}}return 1;
}char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{//赢//行int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int j = 0;int count = 0;for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++){if ((board[i][j] != ' ') && (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1])){count++;}}if ((col - 1) == count){return board[i][0];}}//列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){int j = 0;int count = 0;for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++){if ((board[j][i] != ' ') && (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i])){count++;}}if ((row - 1) == count){return board[0][i];}}//对角线int count = 0;for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++){if ((board[i][i]!=' ') && (board[i][i]==board[i + 1][i + 1])){count++;}}if ((row - 1) == count){return board[0][0];}count = 0;for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++){if ((board[i][col-1-i]!=' ') && (board[i][col-1-i]==board[i+1][col-2-i])){count++;}}if ((row-1) == count){return board[0][col - 1];}//平局if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'Q';}//继续return 'C';
}

//test.c#include "game.h"void menu()
{printf("*****************************\n");printf("********  1. play   *********\n");printf("********  0. exit   *********\n");printf("*****************************\n");
}void game()
{char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//下棋char ret = 0;while (1){//玩家下棋PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//判断输赢ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret != 'C'){break;}//电脑下棋ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//判断输赢ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret != 'C'){break;}}if ('*' == ret){printf("玩家赢\n");}else if ('#' == ret){printf("电脑赢\n");}else{printf("平局\n");}}int main()
{int input = 0;srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));do{menu();printf("请选择:>");scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4switch (input){case 1:game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏\n");break;default:printf("选择错误，重新选择！\n");break;}} while (input);return 0;
}

附：


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