51单片机数码管操作

news/2025/3/19 5:59:44/


数码管操作

静态数码管显示

提要点:
1.单片机>51单片机上的数码管是共阴连接的,所以需要在位选的时候给定低电平(接地)选中其几号LED,而接下来的段选注意一定是从高位到低位输出哦,因为我前面定义的位选三个接口顺序是由高位到低位的!!!

#include <REGX52.H>void main()
{P2_4 = 1;P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;P0 = 0x7D;}

自己写的 5 (共阳数码管)

#include <REGX52.H>void digitalTube(unsigned char weizhi)
{switch(weizhi){case 1:P2_4 = 0;P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 0;break;case 2:P2_4 = 0;P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;break;case 3:P2_4 = 0;P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 0;break;case 4:P2_4 = 0;P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 1;break;case 5:P2_4 = 1;P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 0;break;case 6:P2_4 = 1;P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;break;case 7:P2_4 = 1;P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 0;break;case 8:P2_4 = 1;P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 1;break;}P0 = 0x6D;//从高位到低位的二进制转换为十六进制
}
void main()
{digitalTube(5);}


动态数码管显示

提要点:
1.因为单片机实现是 位选 段选 位选 段选 … 而且它的更新频率很快,所以如果直接这样写的话很容易会产生重叠,所以我们需要加一个延时函数,然后在位选 段选后重新清零数据,这样就可以有效解决数据重叠的问题
2.这种方式叫单片机的直接扫描

#include <REGX52.H>
unsigned char digital_Table[] = {0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};void Delay1ms(unsigned int xms)		//@12.000MHz
{unsigned char i, j;while(xms--){i = 2;j = 239;do{while (--j);} while (--i);}
}void digital_choice(unsigned char location,unsigned char Num)
{switch(location){case 1:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 1;break;case 2:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 0;break;case 3:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;break;case 4:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 0;break;case 5:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 1;break;case 6:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 0;break;case 7:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;break;case 8:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 0;break;}P0 = digital_Table[Num];Delay1ms(1);P0 = 0x00;
}void main()
{while(1){digital_choice(1,5);digital_choice(2,2);digital_choice(3,2);digital_choice(4,2);digital_choice(5,2);digital_choice(6,2);digital_choice(7,2);digital_choice(8,1);}
}


模块化思想

拿上一个我们写的数码管做例子

main函数里的内容

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "delay.h"
#include "nixie.h"
void nixie(unsigned char location,unsigned char Num);
void main()
{while(1){nixie(1,5);Delay1ms(200);nixie(2,2);Delay1ms(200);nixie(3,2);Delay1ms(200);nixie(4,2);Delay1ms(200);nixie(5,2);Delay1ms(200);nixie(6,2);Delay1ms(200);nixie(7,2);Delay1ms(200);nixie(8,1);Delay1ms(200);}
}

.h里的内容

delay函数

#ifndef __DELAY_H__
#define __DELAY_H__
void Delay1ms(unsigned int xms);
#endif

nixie函数

#ifdef __NIXIE_H__
#define __NIXIE_H__
void nixie(unsigned char location,unsigned char Num);
#endif

delay.c的内容

void Delay1ms(unsigned int xms)		//@12.000MHz
{unsigned char i, j;while(xms--){i = 2;j = 239;do{while (--j);} while (--i);}
}

nixie.c内容

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "delay.h"
unsigned char digital_Table[] = {0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};
void nixie(unsigned char location,unsigned char Num)
{switch(location){case 1:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 1;break;case 2:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 0;break;case 3:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;break;case 4:P2_4 = 1; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 0;break;case 5:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 1;break;case 6:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 1;P2_2 = 0;break;case 7:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 1;break;case 8:P2_4 = 0; P2_3 = 0;P2_2 = 0;break;}P0 = digital_Table[Num];Delay1ms(1);P0 = 0x00;
}


矩阵键盘操控LCD1602液晶屏

依次以低电平选中,再利用选中

依旧是模块化思想

主函数代码:

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "delay.h"
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include "Matixkey.h"
unsigned char key_Num;
void main()
{LCD_Init();while(1){key_Num = Matrixkey();if(key_Num){LCD_ShowString(1,1,"Hello");LCD_ShowNum(2,2,key_Num,2);}}
}

Matrixkey().c内容

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "delay.h"
unsigned char Matrixkey()
{unsigned char key_Num = 0;P1 = 0xFF;P1_3 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 1;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 5;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 9;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 13;}P1 = 0xFF;P1_2 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 2;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 6;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 10;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 14;}P1 = 0xFF;P1_1 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 3;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 7;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 11;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 15;}P1 = 0xFF;P1_0 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 4;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 8;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 12;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 16;}return key_Num;
}

LCD1602.c内容

#include <REGX52.H>//引脚配置:
sbit LCD_RS=P2^6;
sbit LCD_RW=P2^5;
sbit LCD_EN=P2^7;
#define LCD_DataPort P0//函数定义:
/*** @brief  LCD1602延时函数,12MHz调用可延时1ms* @param  无* @retval 无*/
void LCD_Delay()
{unsigned char i, j;i = 2;j = 239;do{while (--j);} while (--i);
}/*** @brief  LCD1602写命令* @param  Command 要写入的命令* @retval 无*/
void LCD_WriteCommand(unsigned char Command)
{LCD_RS=0;LCD_RW=0;LCD_DataPort=Command;LCD_EN=1;LCD_Delay();LCD_EN=0;LCD_Delay();
}/*** @brief  LCD1602写数据* @param  Data 要写入的数据* @retval 无*/
void LCD_WriteData(unsigned char Data)
{LCD_RS=1;LCD_RW=0;LCD_DataPort=Data;LCD_EN=1;LCD_Delay();LCD_EN=0;LCD_Delay();
}/*** @brief  LCD1602设置光标位置* @param  Line 行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 列位置,范围:1~16* @retval 无*/
void LCD_SetCursor(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column)
{if(Line==1){LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1));}else if(Line==2){LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1+0x40));}
}/*** @brief  LCD1602初始化函数* @param  无* @retval 无*/
void LCD_Init()
{LCD_WriteCommand(0x38);//八位数据接口,两行显示,5*7点阵LCD_WriteCommand(0x0c);//显示开,光标关,闪烁关LCD_WriteCommand(0x06);//数据读写操作后,光标自动加一,画面不动LCD_WriteCommand(0x01);//光标复位,清屏
}/*** @brief  在LCD1602指定位置上显示一个字符* @param  Line 行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 列位置,范围:1~16* @param  Char 要显示的字符* @retval 无*/
void LCD_ShowChar(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char Char)
{LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);LCD_WriteData(Char);
}/*** @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始显示所给字符串* @param  Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param  String 要显示的字符串* @retval 无*/
void LCD_ShowString(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char *String)
{unsigned char i;LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);for(i=0;String[i]!='\0';i++){LCD_WriteData(String[i]);}
}/*** @brief  返回值=X的Y次方*/
int LCD_Pow(int X,int Y)
{unsigned char i;int Result=1;for(i=0;i<Y;i++){Result*=X;}return Result;
}/*** @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始显示所给数字* @param  Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~65535* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~5* @retval 无*/
void LCD_ShowNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{unsigned char i;LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);for(i=Length;i>0;i--){LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');}
}/*** @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始以有符号十进制显示所给数字* @param  Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字,范围:-32768~32767* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~5* @retval 无*/
void LCD_ShowSignedNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,int Number,unsigned char Length)
{unsigned char i;unsigned int Number1;LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);if(Number>=0){LCD_WriteData('+');Number1=Number;}else{LCD_WriteData('-');Number1=-Number;}for(i=Length;i>0;i--){LCD_WriteData(Number1/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');}
}/*** @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始以十六进制显示所给数字* @param  Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~0xFFFF* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~4* @retval 无*/
void LCD_ShowHexNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{unsigned char i,SingleNumber;LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);for(i=Length;i>0;i--){SingleNumber=Number/LCD_Pow(16,i-1)%16;if(SingleNumber<10){LCD_WriteData(SingleNumber+'0');}else{LCD_WriteData(SingleNumber-10+'A');}}
}/*** @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始以二进制显示所给数字* @param  Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2* @param  Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~1111 1111 1111 1111* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~16* @retval 无*/
void LCD_ShowBinNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{unsigned char i;LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);for(i=Length;i>0;i--){LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(2,i-1)%2+'0');}
}
Matrixkey.h内容
#ifndef __MATIXKEY_h__
#define __MATIXKEY_h__
unsigned char Matrixkey();
#endif
LCD1602.h内容
#ifndef __LCD1602_H__
#define __LCD1602_H__//用户调用函数:
void LCD_Init();
void LCD_ShowChar(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char Char);
void LCD_ShowString(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char *String);
void LCD_ShowNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length);
void LCD_ShowSignedNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,int Number,unsigned char Length);
void LCD_ShowHexNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length);
void LCD_ShowBinNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length);
#endif


矩阵键盘设置密码

第一个人生的工程!

main函数部分

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "delay.h"
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include "Matixkey.h"
unsigned char key_Num;
unsigned int pass_word,cnt;
void main()
{LCD_Init();LCD_ShowString(1,1,"Password:");while(1){key_Num = Matrixkey();if(key_Num){if(key_Num == 11){if(pass_word == 929) {LCD_ShowString(1,15,"AC");pass_word = 0;cnt = 0;LCD_ShowNum(2,2,pass_word,3);}	else {LCD_ShowString(1,15,"No");pass_word = 0;cnt = 0;LCD_ShowNum(2,2,pass_word,3);}}else if(key_Num <= 10){if(cnt < 3){pass_word *= 10;pass_word += key_Num % 10;cnt++;LCD_ShowNum(2,2,pass_word,3);}}//LCD_ShowString(1,1,"Hello");//LCD_ShowNum(2,2,pass_word,3);}}
}

矩阵输入部分

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "delay.h"
unsigned char Matrixkey()
{unsigned char key_Num = 0;P1 = 0xFF;P1_3 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 1;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 5;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 9;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 13;}P1 = 0xFF;P1_2 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 2;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 6;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 10;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 14;}P1 = 0xFF;P1_1 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 3;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 7;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 11;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 15;}P1 = 0xFF;P1_0 = 0;if(P1_7 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_7 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 4;}if(P1_6 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_6 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 8;}if(P1_5 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_5 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 12;}if(P1_4 == 0){Delay1ms(20);while(P1_4 == 0);Delay1ms(20);key_Num = 16;}return key_Num;
}

其他的譬如delay函数LCD1602函数与前面一样


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