前言:
文件上传下载在项目开发中是一个非常常见的业务场景,在云服务上还没有兴起的时候,一般来说都会把文件单独存放到文件服务器上,随着云服务的兴起,各类云服务厂商都提供了 OSS 服务,本篇我们分享 Spring Boot 项目如何把文件存储到阿里云 OSS。
阿里云提供了 SDK,项目中引入相关依赖即可,我们在 pom.xml 文件中引入依赖如下:
<dependency><groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId><version>3.15.1</version>
</dependency>
阿里云访问信息
阿里云访问信息有四个如下:
- Endpoint:OSS服务所在地域的访问域名。
- AccessKeyId:访问OSS服务的密钥ID。
- AccessKeySecret:访问OSS服务的密钥秘钥。
- BucketName:您创建的存储空间名称。
根据阿里云的访问要求封装了阿里云 OSS 上传下载工具类,如下:
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientBuilderConfiguration;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.comm.Protocol;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GetObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.Date;/*** @ClassName: AliyunOssUtil* @Author: Author* @Date: 2024/11/13 19:39* @Description:*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class AliyunOssUtil {@Value("${aliyun.oss.endpoint}")private String endpoint;@Value("${aliyun.oss.accessKeyId}")private String accessKeyId;@Value("${aliyun.oss.accessKeySecret}")private String accessKeySecret;@Value("${aliyun.oss.bucketName}")private String bucketName;/*** @return com.aliyun.oss.ClientBuilderConfiguration* @description 获取配置类*/public ClientBuilderConfiguration getConfig() {// ClientBuilderConfiguration是OSSClient的配置类,可配置代理、连接超时、最大连接数等参数。ClientBuilderConfiguration conf = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();// 设置从连接池中获取连接的超时时间(单位:毫秒),默认不超时。conf.setConnectionRequestTimeout(3000);// 设置连接空闲超时时间。超时则关闭连接,默认为60000毫秒。conf.setIdleConnectionTime(30000);conf.setProtocol(Protocol.HTTPS);return conf;}/*** @param file:* @param fileName:* @return java.lang.String* @description*/public String uploadOssFile(File file, String fileName) throws IOException {// 获取上传的文件的输入流InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, fileName, in);String fileUrl = null;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, getConfig());try {// 上传文件ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);// 获取文件访问路径Date expiration = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 3600L * 1000 * 24 * 365 * 100);URL url = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(bucketName, fileName, expiration);//url 解码 返回的地址需要进行 URL 解码fileUrl = URLDecoder.decode(url.toString(), "UTF-8");} catch (OSSException e) {log.error("oss上传文件失败,异常信息:", e);} finally {if (ossClient != null) {// 关闭ossClientossClient.shutdown();}}return fileUrl;}/*** @param fileUrl:* @param fileName:* @return java.io.File* @description*/public File downLoadOssFile(String fileUrl, String fileName) throws IOException {OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, getConfig());File file = new File(fileName);if (!file.exists()) {file.createNewFile();}String[] array = fileUrl.split("[?]");fileUrl = array[0];//key 填写不包含 Bucket 名称在内的路径 例如 testfolder/mytest.xlsxString key = fileUrl.substring(fileUrl.lastIndexOf(StrUtil.SLASH) + 1);ossClient.getObject(new GetObjectRequest(bucketName, key), file);ossClient.shutdown();return file;}/*** oss中文件是否存在** @param fileName* @return*/public Boolean isFileExist(String fileName) {// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, getConfig());Boolean result = Boolean.FALSE;try {result = ossClient.doesObjectExist(bucketName, fileName);} catch (OSSException oe) {log.error("oss检验文件是否存在失败,Error Message:{},Error Code:{}", oe.getMessage(), oe.getErrorCode());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {// 关闭ossClientossClient.shutdown();}}return result;}/*** 删除oss文件** @param fileName*/public void deleteFile(String fileName) {// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, getConfig());try {// 删除文件ossClient.deleteObject(bucketName, fileName);} catch (OSSException oe) {log.error("oss删除文件失败,Error Message:{},Error Code:{}", oe.getMessage(), oe.getErrorCode());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {// 关闭ossClientossClient.shutdown();}}}}
业务场景
业务场景要求用户端发起导出请求后,快速生成一个导出记录响应到用户端,后端异步完成导出操作,后端完成导出后,将导出的文件上传到阿里云 OSS,用户可以在页面完成文件的下载。
前面我们已经封装好了阿里云 OSS 的工具类,这里我们实现整个业务,调用 OSS 工具类完成文件的上传下载即可。
Service 代码如下
部分项目中的代码没有展示出来,了解整体实现思路即可。。
import cn.hutool.core.date.DateUtil;
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;/*** @ClassName: FileServiceImpl* @Author: Author* @Date: 2024/11/13 19:39* @Description:*/
@Slf4j
@Service
public class FileServiceImpl implements IFlieService {@Autowiredprivate AibabaCloudFileMapper aibabaCloudFileMapper;@Autowiredprivate AliyunOssUtil aliyunOssUtil;//前面我们已经封装好了阿里云 OSS 的工具类,这里我们实现整个业务,调用 OSS 工具类完成文件的上传下载即可。@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)@Overridepublic void exportList(FileQueryDTO fileQueryDTO) {List<SourceCodeAnalysisExportVO> exportList = new ArrayList<>();//导出记录落库AlibabaCloudFileDO alibabaCloudFileDO = new AlibabaCloudFileDO();//文件业务类型alibabaCloudFileDO.setBusinessType(1);//文件生成中alibabaCloudFileDO.setFileStatus(1);String fileName = "导出学生成绩单" + DateUtil.format(new Date(), "yyyyMMddHHmmss");alibabaCloudFileDO.setFileName(fileName);aibabaCloudFileMapper.insert(alibabaCloudFileDO);uploadFileAliOss(exportList, fileName, alibabaCloudFileDO.getId());}@Overridepublic HttpServletResponse downLoadSouceCodeAnalysisFile(Long id, HttpServletResponse response) {AlibabaCloudFileDO alibabaCloudFileDO = aibabaCloudFileMapper.selectById(id);if (ObjectUtil.isNull(alibabaCloudFileDO)) {throw new BusinessException("文件id异常,请确认后重试");}ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;try {String fileName = URLEncoder.encode(alibabaCloudFileDO.getFileName(), "UTF-8");response.setContentType("application/x-download;charset=utf-8");response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".xlsx");//调用 阿里云下载File file = aliyunOssUtil.downLoadOssFile(alibabaCloudFileDO.getFileAddress(), fileName);byte[] array = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file);outputStream = response.getOutputStream();outputStream.write(array);outputStream.flush();} catch (IOException e) {log.error("源代码扫描文件下载失败,失败原因:", e);} finally {try {if (ObjectUtil.isNotNull(outputStream)) {outputStream.close();}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return response;}/*** @param exportList:* @param fileName:* @param id:* @description 异步上传文件到 阿里云 OSS 该业务请求量很小 所以使用了 @Async 的异步方式*/@Asyncpublic void uploadFileAliOss(List<SourceCodeAnalysisExportVO> exportList, String fileName, Long id) {File tempFile = null;AlibabaCloudFileDO alibabaCloudFileDO = new AlibabaCloudFileDO();alibabaCloudFileDO.setId(id);try {// 创建临时文件tempFile = File.createTempFile(fileName, ".xlsx");// 使用EasyExcel写入数据EasyExcel.write(tempFile, SourceCodeAnalysisExportVO.class).sheet("sheet1").doWrite(exportList);String fileUrl = aliyunOssUtil.uploadOssFile(tempFile, fileName + ".xlsx");alibabaCloudFileDO.setFileAddress(fileUrl);//更新文件生成成功alibabaCloudFileDO.setFileStatus(2);} catch (IOException e) {//文件生成失败alibabaCloudFileDO.setFileStatus(3);log.error("文件上传阿里云OSS 失败,文件导出主键id:{}", id, e);} finally {//更新aibabaCloudFileMapper.updateById(alibabaCloudFileDO);tempFile.delete();}}}
下载文件代码
完成导出后,用户可以在页面上看到下载按钮,点击下载就可以完成导出的文件下载了。
@PostMapping(value = "/download-source-code-analysis-file")@ApiOperation(httpMethod = "POST", value = "下载源代码分析文件", notes = "下载源代码分析文件")public HttpServletResponse downLoadSouceCodeAnalysisFile(@RequestParam("id") Long id, HttpServletResponse response) {return sourceCodeAnalysisService.downLoadSouceCodeAnalysisFile(id, response);}
总结:本篇重点是分享阿里云 OSS 文件上传下载功能,结合项目中的一个场景做了一个简单的异步导出,偏业务代码,简单分享,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
如有不正确的地方欢迎各位指出纠正。