嵌入式蓝桥杯学习6 定时中断按键（短按长按双击）

前面的cubemx配置都和定时中断的一样，详情请看上文，这篇我们主要写按键相关的代码。

前面的外部中断的按键，还有直接写的按键函数都不适用于比赛，各有不同缺点。在比赛中按键又是个很重要的外设，那如何实现按键呢，请看以下的内容。

首先，新建两个文件（key.c 和 key.h）用于放置关于按键的函数。

前面我们将定时器设置为每隔10ms进行一次中断。考虑到按键抖动问题。如果连着两次10ms的判断都是低电平，就会有真正的按键被按下。

按键短按

按键读取函数

//low return 0
//high return 1
uint8_t key_read()
{if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0)==0) return 1;else if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1)==0) return 2;else if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2)==0) return 3;else if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0)==0) return 4;else return 0;
}

按键服务函数

struct Bkeys
{uint8_t age;uint8_t flag;
}
struct Bkeys bkey[5]={0,0};
void key_serv()
{uint8_t key_sta=key_read();if(key_sta!=0){bkey[key_sta].age++;if(bkey[key.sta].age>1) bkey[key_sta].flag=1;}else{for(int i=0;i<5;++)bkey[i].age=0;}
}

中断回调函数


void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{key_serv();
}

my_main.c

extern struct Bkeys bkey[];
void loop()
{if(bkey[1].flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[1].flag=0;}if(bkey[2].flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[2].flag=0;}
}

按键长按

按键服务函数

struct Bkeys
{uint8_t age;uint8_t short_flag;uint8_t long_flag;uint8_t press;
}
struct Bkeys bkey[5]={0,0};
void key_serv_long()
{uint8_t key_sta=key_read();if(key_sta!=0){bkey[key_sta].age++;if(bkey[key.sta].age>1) bkey[key_sta].press=1;}else{for(int i=0;i<5;++){if(bkey[i].press==1&&bkey[i].long_flag=0) bkey[i].short_flag=1;bkey[i].press=0;bkey[i].age=0;bkey[i].long_flag=0;}}if(bkey[key.sta].age>69) bkey[key_sta].long_flag=1;
}

中断回调函数

void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{if(htim->Instance==TIM6)key_serv_long();
}

my_main.c

实现步进自增功能

extern struct Bkeys bkey[];
void loop()
{static uint16_t temp;if(bkey[1].short_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[1].short_flag=0;}if(bkey[2].short_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[2].short_flag=0;}if(bkey[1].long_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   LONG  !  %d  ",temp);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);temp++;}if(bkey[2].long_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   LONG  !   %d ",temp);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);temp++;}
}

实现按超过2s后松开

按键服务函数

struct Bkeys
{uint8_t age;uint8_t short_flag;uint8_t long_flag;uint8_t press;
}
struct Bkeys bkey[5]={0,0};
void key_serv_long()
{uint8_t key_sta=key_read();if(key_sta!=0){bkey[key_sta].age++;if(bkey[key.sta].age>1) bkey[key_sta].press=1;}else{for(int i=0;i<5;++){if(bkey[key.sta].age>69) bkey[key_sta].long_flag=1;if(bkey[i].press==1&&bkey[i].long_flag=0) bkey[i].short_flag=1;bkey[i].press=0;bkey[i].age=0;}}}

extern struct Bkeys bkey[];
void loop()
{static uint16_t temp;if(bkey[1].short_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[1].short_flag=0;}if(bkey[2].short_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[2].short_flag=0;}if(bkey[1].long_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   LONG  !   ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[1].long_flag=0;}if(bkey[2].long_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   LONG  !  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[2].long_flag=0;}
}

按键双击

按键服务函数

struct Bkeys
{uint8_t age;uint8_t short_flag;uint8_t long_flag;uint8_t press;uint8_t double_ageEN;uint8_t double_age;uint8_t double_flag;
}
struct Bkeys bkey[5]={0,0};
void key_serv_double()
{uint8_t key_sta=key_read();if(key_sta!=0){bkey[key_sta].age++;if(bkey[key.sta].age>1) bkey[key_sta].press=1;}else{for(int i=0;i<5;++){if(bkey[i].double_ageEN=1&&bkey[i].press==1){bkey[i].double_flag=1;bkey[i].double_age=0;bkey[i].double_ageEN=0;}if(bkey[i].press==1&&bkey[i].long_flag==0) bkey[i].double_ageEN=1;if(bkey[i].double_ageEN==1) bkey[i].double_age++;if(bkey[i].double_ageEN==1&&bkey[i].double_age>20){bkey[i].short_flag=1;bkey[i].double_age=0;bkey[i].double_ageEN=0;}bkey[i].press=0;bkey[i].age=0;}}}

中断回调函数

void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{if(htim->Instance==TIM6)key_serv_double();
}

my_main.c

extern struct Bkeys bkey[];
void loop()
{static uint16_t temp;if(bkey[1].short_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[1].short_flag=0;}if(bkey[2].short_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   DOWN  !    ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[2].short_flag=0;}if(bkey[1].long_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   LONG  !  %d  ",temp);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);temp++;}if(bkey[2].long_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   LONG  !   %d ",temp);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);temp++;}if(bkey[1].double_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY1   DOUBLE  !  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[1].double_flag=0;}if(bkey[2].double_flag==1){sprintf(text,"    KEY2   DOUBLE !  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,(uint8_t*)text);bkey[2].double_flag=0;}
}