Java服务定位器模式
- 实现
- 范例
- 服务定位器模式(Service Locator Pattern)用于想使用 JNDI 查询定位各种服务的时候
- 考虑到为某个服务查找 JNDI 的代价很高,服务定位器模式充分利用了缓存技术
- 在首次请求某个服务时,服务定位器在 JNDI 中查找服务,并缓存该服务对象
- 当再次请求相同的服务时,服务定位器会在它的缓存中查找,这样可以在很大程度上提高应用程序的性能
- 以下是这种设计模式的实体:
- 服务(Service) - 实际处理请求的服务。对这种服务的引用可以在 JNDI 服务器中查找到
- Context / 初始的 Context - JNDI Context 带有对要查找的服务的引用
- 服务定位器(Service Locator) - 服务定位器是通过 JNDI 查找和缓存服务来获取服务的单点接触
- 缓存(Cache) - 缓存存储服务的引用,以便复用它们
- 客户端(Client) - Client 是通过 ServiceLocator 调用服务的对象
实现
- 创建 ServiceLocator 、 InitialContext 、 Cache 、 Service 作为表示实体的各种对象
- Service1 和 Service2 表示实体服务
- ServiceLocatorPatternDemo ,我们的演示类在这里是作为一个客户端,将使用 ServiceLocator 来演示服务定位器设计模式
范例
1. 创建服务接口 Service
Service.java
package com.demo.gof;
public interface Service{public String getName();public void execute();
}
2. 创建实体服务
Service1.java
package com.demo.gof;
public class Service1 implements Service {public void execute(){System.out.println("Executing Service1");}@Overridepublic String getName() {return "Service1";}
}
Service2.java
package com.demo.gof;
public class Service2 implements Service {public void execute(){System.out.println("Executing Service2");}@Overridepublic String getName() {return "Service2";}
}
3. 为 JNDI 查询创建 InitialContext
InitialContext.java
package com.demo.gof;
public class InitialContext{public Object lookup(String jndiName){if(jndiName.equalsIgnoreCase("SERVICE1")){System.out.println("Looking up and creating a new Service1 object");return new Service1();}else if (jndiName.equalsIgnoreCase("SERVICE2")){System.out.println("Looking up and creating a new Service2 object");return new Service2();}return null; }
}
4. 创建缓存 Cache
Cache.java
package com.demo.gof;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class Cache {private List<Service> services;public Cache(){services = new ArrayList<Service>();}public Service getService(String serviceName){for (Service service : services) {if(service.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(serviceName)){System.out.println("Returning cached "+serviceName+" object");return service;}}return null;}public void addService(Service newService){boolean exists = false;for (Service service : services) {if(service.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(newService.getName())){exists = true;}}if(!exists){services.add(newService);}}
}
5. 创建服务定位器 ServiceLocator
ServiceLocator.java
package com.demo.gof;
public class ServiceLocator {private static Cache cache;static {cache = new Cache(); }public static Service getService(String jndiName){Service service = cache.getService(jndiName);if(service != null){return service;}InitialContext context = new InitialContext();Service service1 = (Service)context.lookup(jndiName);cache.addService(service1);return service1;}
}
6. 使用 ServiceLocator 来演示服务定位器设计模式
ServiceLocatorPatternDemo.java
package com.demo.gof;
public class ServiceLocatorPatternDemo{public static void main(String[] args) {Service service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service1");service.execute();service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service2");service.execute();service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service1");service.execute();service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service2");service.execute(); }
}编译运行以上 Java 范例,输出结果如下```java
$ javac -d . src/main/com.demo/gof/ServiceLocatorPatternDemo.java
$ java com.demo.gof.ServiceLocatorPatternDemo
Looking up and creating a new Service1 object
Executing Service1
Looking up and creating a new Service2 object
Executing Service2
Returning cached Service1 object
Executing Service1
Returning cached Service2 object
Executing Service2