7、整合SSM
- 7.1、环境要求
- 7.2、数据库环境
- 7.3、基本环境搭建
- 7.4、Mybatis层编写
- 7.5、Spring层
- 7.6、SpringMVC层
- 7.7、小结及展望
7.1、环境要求
环境:
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IDEA
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MySQL 5.7.19
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Tomcat 9
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Maven 3.6
要求:
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需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库,Spring,JavaWeb及MyBatis知识,简单的前端知识;
最简单的项目:
步骤:
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新建数据库,建表
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新建Maven项目,添加web的支持
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导入相关的pom依赖
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Maven资源过滤设置
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建立基本结构和配置框架「建立包,创建两个xml文件」
- com.kuang.pojo
- com.kuang.dao
- com.kuang.service
- com.kuang.controller
- mybatis-config.xml
- applicationContext.xml
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Mybatis层编写
- 数据库配置文件 database.properties
- IDEA关联数据库
- 编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
- 编写数据库对应的实体类「使用lombok插件」
- 编写Dao层的 Mapper接口
- 编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包
- 编写Service层的接口和实现类
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Spring层
- 配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池
- 编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
- Spring整合service层
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SpringMVC层
- web.xml
- spring-mvc.xml
- Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
- Controller 和 视图层编写
- BookController 类编写,方法一:查询全部书籍
- 编写首页 index.jsp
- 书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
- BookController 类编写 , 方法二:添加书籍
- 添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
- BookController 类编写 , 方法三:修改书籍
- 修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
- BookController 类编写 , 方法四:删除书
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配置Tomcat,运行
7.2、数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
7.3、基本环境搭建
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新建Maven项目! ssmbuild , 添加web的支持
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导入相关的pom依赖!
<dependencies><!--Junit--><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version></dependency><!--数据库驱动--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.47</version></dependency><!-- 数据库连接池 --><dependency><groupId>com.mchange</groupId><artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><version>0.9.5.2</version></dependency><!--Servlet - JSP --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>2.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><!--Mybatis--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>2.0.2</version></dependency><!--Spring--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency> </dependencies>
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在pom.xml,Maven资源过滤设置
<build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource><resource><directory>src/main/resources</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource></resources> </build>
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建立基本结构和配置框架!
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com.kuang.pojo
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com.kuang.dao
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com.kuang.service
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com.kuang.controller
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mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""<http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd>"> <configuration> </configuration>
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applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>"xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>"xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans><http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd>"> </beans>
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7.4、Mybatis层编写
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数据库配置文件 database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456
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IDEA关联数据库
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编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""<http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd>"> <configuration><typeAliases><package name="com.kuang.pojo"/></typeAliases><mappers><mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/BookMapper.xml"/></mappers> </configuration>
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编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books
使用lombok插件!
package com.kuang.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books {private int bookID;private String bookName;private int bookCounts;private String detail; }
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编写Dao层的 Mapper接口!
package com.kuang.dao; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public interface BookMapper {//增加一个Bookint addBook(Books book);//根据id删除一个Bookint deleteBookById(int id);//更新Bookint updateBook(Books books);//根据id查询,返回一个BookBooks queryBookById(int id);//查询全部Book,返回list集合List<Books> queryAllBook(); }
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编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""<http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd>"> <mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"><!--增加一个Book--><insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})</insert><!--根据id删除一个Book--><delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}</delete><!--更新Book--><update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">update ssmbuild.booksset bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}where bookID = #{bookID}</update><!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--><select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">select * from ssmbuild.bookswhere bookID = #{bookID}</select><!--查询全部Book--><select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">SELECT * from ssmbuild.books</select> </mapper>
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编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口:
package com.kuang.service; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; //BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层 public interface BookService {//增加一个Bookint addBook(Books book);//根据id删除一个Bookint deleteBookById(int id);//更新Bookint updateBook(Books books);//根据id查询,返回一个BookBooks queryBookById(int id);//查询全部Book,返回list集合List<Books> queryAllBook(); }
实现类:
package com.kuang.service; import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {//调用dao层的操作,设置一个set接口,方便Spring管理private BookMapper bookMapper;public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {this.bookMapper = bookMapper;}public int addBook(Books book) {return bookMapper.addBook(book);}public int deleteBookById(int id) {return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);}public int updateBook(Books books) {return bookMapper.updateBook(books);}public Books queryBookById(int id) {return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);}public List<Books> queryAllBook() {return bookMapper.queryAllBook();} }
OK,到此,底层需求操作编写完毕!
7.5、Spring层
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配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池;
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我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>"xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>"xmlns:context="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/context>"xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans><http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd><http://www.springframework.org/schema/context><https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd>"><!-- 配置整合mybatis --><!-- 1.关联数据库文件 --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/><!-- 2.数据库连接池 --><!--数据库连接池dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接c3p0 自动化操作(自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面)--><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><!-- 配置连接池属性 --><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/><!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --><property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/><property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/><!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --><property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/><!-- 获取连接超时时间 --><property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/><!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --><property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/></bean><!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --><bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><!-- 注入数据库连接池 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/><!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --><property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/></bean><!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 --><!--解释 : https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --><property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/><!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --><property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/></bean> </beans>
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Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>"xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>"xmlns:context="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/context>"xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans><http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd><http://www.springframework.org/schema/context><http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd>"><!-- 扫描service相关的bean --><context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service" /><!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中--><bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl"><property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/></bean><!-- 配置事务管理器 --><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><!-- 注入数据库连接池 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /></bean> </beans>
Spring层搞定!再次理解一下,Spring就是一个大杂烩,一个容器!对吧!
7.6、SpringMVC层
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web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="<http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee>"xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>"xsi:schemaLocation="<http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee> <http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd>"version="4.0"><!--DispatcherServlet--><servlet><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件,之前被这里坑了!--> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!--encodingFilter--><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!--Session过期时间--><session-config><session-timeout>15</session-timeout></session-config> </web-app>
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spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>"xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>"xmlns:context="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/context>"xmlns:mvc="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc>"xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans><http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd><http://www.springframework.org/schema/context><http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd><http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc><https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd>"><!-- 配置SpringMVC --><!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 --><mvc:annotation-driven /><!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置--><mvc:default-servlet-handler/><!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /><property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /></bean><!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --><context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller" /> </beans>
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Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>"xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>"xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans><http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd>"><import resource="spring-dao.xml"/><import resource="spring-service.xml"/><import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/> </beans>
配置文件,暂时结束!Controller 和 视图层编写
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BookController 类编写 , 方法一:查询全部书籍
@Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController {@Autowired@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")private BookService bookService;@RequestMapping("/allBook")public String list(Model model) {List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();model.addAttribute("list", list);return "allBook";} }
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编写首页 index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head><title>首页</title><style type="text/css">a {text-decoration: none;color: black;font-size: 18px;}h3 {width: 180px;height: 38px;margin: 100px auto;text-align: center;line-height: 38px;background: deepskyblue;border-radius: 4px;}</style> </head> <body> <h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a> </h3> </body> </html>
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书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="<http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core>" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>书籍列表</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="<https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-4 column"><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a></div></div><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><table class="table table-hover table-striped"><thead><tr><th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名字</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}"><tr><td>${book.getBookID()}</td><td>${book.getBookName()}</td><td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td><td>${book.getDetail()}</td><td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a></td></tr></c:forEach></tbody></table></div></div> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法二:添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook") public String toAddPaper() {return "addBook"; } @RequestMapping("/addBook") public String addPaper(Books books) {System.out.println(books);bookService.addBook(books);return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="<http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core>" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>新增书籍</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="<https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>新增书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br><input type="submit" value="添加"></form> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法三:修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook") public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);System.out.println(books);model.addAttribute("book",books );return "updateBook"; } @RequestMapping("/updateBook") public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {System.out.println(book);bookService.updateBook(book);Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());model.addAttribute("books", books);return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="<http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core>" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>修改信息</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="<https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>修改信息</small></h1></div></div></div><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/><input type="submit" value="提交"/></form> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法四:删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}") public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {bookService.deleteBookById(id);return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
配置Tomcat,进行运行!
到目前为止,这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了,可以直接运行进行测试!这个练习十分的重要,大家需要保证,不看任何东西,自己也可以完整的实现出来!
项目结构图
7.7、小结及展望
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的,学到这里,大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。
我们后面还要学习一些 SpringMVC 的知识!
- Ajax 和 Json
- 文件上传和下载
- 拦截器
SpringBoot、SpringCloud开发!
参考笔记:
狂神SSM:https://www.kuangstudy.com/zl/ssm#1381883242696683521