系列文章目录

第一章 2D二维地图绘制、人物移动、障碍检测
第二章 跟随人物二维动态地图绘制、自动寻径、小地图显示(人物红点显示)
第三章 绘制冰宫宝藏地图、人物鼠标点击移动、障碍检测
第四章 绘制Q版地图、键盘上下左右地图场景切换
第五章 Q版地图上让英雄、地图都动起来

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前言

本章内容在第一章【2D二维地图绘制、人物移动、障碍检测】、第四章【绘制Q版地图、键盘上下左右地图场景切换】的基础上进行了升级，因此带大家回顾下这两章的内容

• 使用JavaScript绘制简单的二维地图（第一章实现）
  采用二维数组存储地图信息，使用表格绘制地图，每个td单元格存储数据
• 键盘上下左右控制（第一章实现，本章节增加地图层控制）
  使用JavaScript keyPress键盘事件监听WASD键，按键触发时人物做出相应操作
• 障碍物碰撞检测(采用格子碰撞检测，第一章实现)
  人物下一步碰撞到障碍时，提示遇到障碍，终止人物运动
• 增加地图层（第四章实现）
  地图层与数据层（二维网格、人物）分离；主地图在初始化时加载，显示可视区域
• 人物、地图跟随变动
  保持人物在地图中心，检测特殊情况（ 进入边界内时保持地图不动、人物运动）

一、本章节效果图

二、任务拆解

在第四章基础上继续添加任务
1、准备【物料层】，设置为地图图片高、宽， 计算物料层2D网格的行、列
2、设置物料层可视区域的行、列；
3、调整地图和英雄的步骤跨度一致；
4、在键盘上下左右事件里，增加英雄动作的逻辑，融合英雄、地图的移动逻辑，增加边界检测
5、看看最终效果

2.1、准备【物料层】

2.1.1、在可视窗口里加载地图

<div style="width: 95%; height: 95%; position: absolute; background-color: red; overflow: hidden;  " id="parentDiv"><div style="z-index: 1; height: 2480px; width: 3280px"  id="mapDiv" ><table class="main bg" id="map1001"></table></div>
</div><style>table.main  {border-collapse: collapse;}table.main td {/*border: 0.5px red solid;*/  //调试地图时可开启width: 79px;height: 79px;}
</style>

2.1.2、加载英雄对象

    <script>// 英雄对象var hero = {currentPoint : [4, 6],   //初始化英雄的位置是 4,6}</script>

2.1.3、 加载物料

导入物料js
<script src="../js/item.js"></script>

item.js

// 物品
var item = {};item.initItem = function (){item.empty = 0;   //空地或草坪item.stone = 1;   //石头的标记是1item.factory = 2; //工厂item.girl = 3;  //女子item.girl_01 = 4; //女孩item.kt = 5; //空投大礼包item.lz = 6; //路障item.pz = 7; //喷子item.zz = 8; //沼泽item.hero = 9;   //英雄的标记是9item.heroHasPath = 10;   //自动寻径的英雄标记是10item.wdss = 11;  //僵尸的标记是11item.lzAndempty = 12;  //空白的路障item.datas = [];  // 物品的图片集合var itemPrefixPath = "../img/item/";item.datas[0] = "";  // 可行走的路径item.datas[1] = itemPrefixPath + "stone.png";item.datas[2] = itemPrefixPath + "gc.png";item.datas[3] = itemPrefixPath + "girl.png";item.datas[4] = itemPrefixPath + "girl.bmp";item.datas[5] = itemPrefixPath + "kt.png";item.datas[6] = itemPrefixPath + "lz.png";item.datas[7] = itemPrefixPath + "pz.png";item.datas[8] = itemPrefixPath + "zz.png";item.datas[9] = itemPrefixPath + "/spine/hero002.gif";item.datas[10] = itemPrefixPath + "/spine/tank.gif";item.datas[11] = itemPrefixPath + "wdss.gif";item.datas[12] = "";  //看不见的路障
}

2.1.4、 编辑地图数据

根据地图绘制可行走路径，

	/*** 加载地图数据* 0 可走的路径* 12 看不见的路障* @type {number[]}*/var mapData = [[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0, 12,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,  0, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ],[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 ]]

2.2、设置物料层可视区域的行、列

1、加载物料到地图对象里
2、设置可视区域的行、列
3、增加英雄与上下边框的距离计算方法
4、增加英雄与左右边框的距离计算方法

	// 地图对象var mapObj = {data: mapData,  //地图上的物品数据// 设定地图最大的高度maxRow: 8,// 地图的行row: function (){return mapObj.data.length > this.maxRow ? this.maxRow : mapObj.data.length},// 设定地图最大的列maxCol: 12,//地图的列col: function (){return mapObj.data[0].length > this.maxCol ? this.maxCol : mapObj.data[0].length;},// 英雄与上下边框的距离heroMarginTop: function () {return  Math.floor( this.row() / 2)},// 英雄与左右边框的距离heroMarginLeft: function () {return  Math.floor( this.col() / 2)},}

2.3、调整地图和英雄的步骤跨度一致

	var stepDistance = 80;   // td的高、宽也设置成80或79px

2.4、在键盘上下左右事件里，增加英雄动作的逻辑，融合英雄、地图的移动逻辑，增加边界检测

1、在body标签上增加键盘事件
2、在文档准备好之后开始执行初始化方法
3、定义游戏窗口层、游戏地图层，并渲染页面
4、定义 键盘上下左右事件
5、在第四章基础上，上下左右事件里增加英雄动作的逻辑，融合英雄、地图的移动逻辑
6、增加双重地图检测，保持英雄在地图的中心位置（地图、英雄一起移动）
7、增加英雄边界检测（英雄在边界内时，只移动人物，不移动地图）
8、简单的碰撞检测，下一步到达的目标只有是空地的情况，英雄才能移动

		<body onkeydown="keydown(event)"></body>//文档准备好之后开始执行window.onload = function () {init();}/*** 定义游戏窗口层、游戏地图层，并渲染页面*/function init() {// 定义游戏窗口层parentDivEle = document.getElementById("parentDiv");// 定义游戏地图层mapDivEle = document.getElementById('mapDiv');// 获取 1001地图 Dom元素mapDiv = document.getElementById("map1001");parentDivEle.style.width =  (mapObj.col() + 1) * stepDistance  + "px";parentDivEle.style.height = (mapObj.row() + 1) * stepDistance + "px";item.initItem();//二维数组里，去初始化熊猫的位置mapObj.data[hero.currentPoint[0]][hero.currentPoint[1]] = item.hero;loadData();}/*** 人物移动方法* @param point*/function operateHero(point) {mapObj.data[hero.currentPoint[0]][hero.currentPoint[1]] = item.heromapObj.data[point[0]][point[1]] = item.emptyloadData();}/***  渲染地图* @param mapData*/function loadData() {// 加载地图mapDivEle.style.background= 'url("../img/item/bg/os.jpg")';//渲染一行 row 列的数据var mapHTML = "";for (var i = 0; i < mapObj.data.length; i++) {mapHTML += "<tr>";for (var j = 0; j < mapObj.data[0].length ;j++) {if (mapObj.data[i][j] == item.empty) {   //只有点击路，才能自动寻径mapHTML += "<td οnclick='tdClick(" + i + "," + j + ")'></td>";} else if(  mapObj.data[i][j] == item.lzAndempty ) {mapHTML += "<td></td>";} else {mapHTML += '<td><img src="'+ item.datas[mapObj.data[i][j]] +'" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; border-radius: 0%;" ></td>';}}mapHTML += "</tr>";}// 渲染大地图mapDiv.innerHTML = mapHTML;}/*** 定义 键盘上下左右事件* 并判断边界* @param e*/var keydown = function (e) {if (e.keyCode == 37) {console.log("向左")if( Number(mapDivEle.style.marginLeft.replaceAll("px", "")) - stepDistance < 0 ) {var point = hero.currentPoint;var xPoint = hero.currentPoint[1] -1;var yPoint = hero.currentPoint[0];if (checkStone(yPoint, xPoint)) {console.log("碰撞到障碍了，停止动作")return}console.log("移动后的位置：x:" + xPoint + " , y:" + yPoint)if( xPoint <= (mapObj.data[0].length - mapObj.heroMarginLeft()) && Number(mapDivEle.style.marginLeft.replaceAll("px", "")) ) {mapDivEle.style.marginLeft = Number(mapDivEle.style.marginLeft.replaceAll("px", "")) + stepDistance + "px";}hero.currentPoint = [yPoint, xPoint]operateHero(point);} else {console.log("超出边界")}} else if (e.keyCode == 38) {console.log("向上")if( Number(mapDivEle.style.marginTop.replaceAll("px", "") ) - stepDistance < 0 ) {var point = hero.currentPoint;var xPoint = hero.currentPoint[1];var yPoint = hero.currentPoint[0] - 1;if (checkStone(yPoint, xPoint)) {console.log("碰撞到障碍了，停止动作")return}console.log("移动后的位置：x:" + xPoint + " , y:" + yPoint)if( yPoint <= (mapObj.data.length - mapObj.heroMarginTop()) &&  Number(mapDivEle.style.marginTop.replaceAll("px", "")) < 0 ) {mapDivEle.style.marginTop = Number(mapDivEle.style.marginTop.replaceAll("px", "")) + stepDistance + "px";}hero.currentPoint = [yPoint, xPoint]operateHero(point);} else {console.log("超出边界")}} else if (e.keyCode == 39) {console.log("向右")if ( (parentDivEle.clientWidth) - mapDivEle.clientWidth <= Number(mapDivEle.style.marginLeft.replaceAll("px", ""))) {var point = hero.currentPoint;var xPoint = hero.currentPoint[1] + 1;var yPoint = hero.currentPoint[0];if (checkStone(yPoint, xPoint)) {console.log("碰撞到障碍了，停止动作")return}// 超出边界，只移动英雄， 不移动地图if (  xPoint > mapObj.heroMarginLeft()  && (parentDivEle.clientWidth) - mapDivEle.clientWidth + stepDistance <= Number(mapDivEle.style.marginLeft.replaceAll("px", ""))) {mapDivEle.style.marginLeft = Number(mapDivEle.style.marginLeft.replaceAll("px", "")) - stepDistance + "px";}console.log( "移动后的x轴距离:" + xPoint * stepDistance);console.log("移动后的位置：x:" + xPoint + " , y:" + yPoint)hero.currentPoint = [yPoint, xPoint]operateHero(point);} else {console.log("超出边界")}} else if (e.keyCode == 40) {console.log("向下")if( (parentDivEle.clientHeight) - mapDivEle.clientHeight  <= Number(mapDivEle.style.marginTop.replaceAll("px", "")) ) {var point = hero.currentPoint;var xPoint = hero.currentPoint[1];var yPoint = hero.currentPoint[0] + 1;if (checkStone(yPoint, xPoint)) {console.log("碰撞到障碍了，停止动作")return}console.log("移动后的位置：x:" + xPoint + " , y:" + yPoint)// 超出边界，只移动英雄， 不移动地图if( yPoint > mapObj.heroMarginTop()  &&  (parentDivEle.clientHeight) - mapDivEle.clientHeight + stepDistance <= Number(mapDivEle.style.marginTop.replaceAll("px", "")) ) {mapDivEle.style.marginTop = Number(mapDivEle.style.marginTop.replaceAll("px", "")) - stepDistance + "px";}hero.currentPoint = [yPoint, xPoint]operateHero(point);} else {console.log("超出边界")}}loadData();}/*** 障碍检测（可加多个障碍条件）* @param yPoint* @param xPoint* @returns {boolean}*/function checkStone(yPoint, xPoint) {return mapObj.data[yPoint][xPoint] != item.empty;}

2.5、看看最终效果

2.5.1、荷花池边打卡

2.5.2、西梁女国打卡

2.5.3、跑累了在后花园休息

2.5.4、休息完去大礼堂门口转一转

2.5.5、最后在后山瞅一眼

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总结

以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文简单介绍Q版地图的绘制，地图/英雄的移动、边界检测，喜欢的同学可以参考第二张把自动寻径加上。
原生JavaScript知识点就到这里结束了，以后前端知识点主要以Vue为主。