分析函数是基于最终的结果集进行开窗的，所以HAVING比分析函数先执行

 ↓ 没有HAVING时，MAX(col3) over()是A2

sql">SQL> WITH subq_a AS2   (SELECT 'A' col1, 'A1' col2, 10 col33      FROM dual4    UNION ALL5    SELECT 'A' col1, 'A1' col2, -5 col36      FROM dual7    UNION ALL8    SELECT 'A' col1, 'A2' col2, 10 col39      FROM dual10    UNION ALL11    SELECT 'A' col1, 'A2' col2, -15 col312      FROM dual)13  SELECT col1, col2, SUM(col3) s_col3, MAX(col2) over() x_col214    FROM subq_a15   GROUP BY col1, col216  /COL1 COL2     S_COL3 X_COL2
---- ---- ---------- ------
A    A1            5 A2
A    A2           -5 A2

 ↓ 有HAVING时，分析函数在HAVING执行过滤后的结果集上开窗计算结果，MAX(col3) over()变成A1

sql">SQL> WITH subq_a AS2   (SELECT 'A' col1, 'A1' col2, 10 col33      FROM dual4    UNION ALL5    SELECT 'A' col1, 'A1' col2, -5 col36      FROM dual7    UNION ALL8    SELECT 'A' col1, 'A2' col2, 10 col39      FROM dual10    UNION ALL11    SELECT 'A' col1, 'A2' col2, -15 col312      FROM dual)13  SELECT col1, col2, SUM(col3) s_col3, MAX(col2) over() x_col214    FROM subq_a15   GROUP BY col1, col216  HAVING SUM (col3) > 017  /COL1 COL2     S_COL3 X_COL2
---- ---- ---------- ------
A    A1            5 A1