1 需求实现
1）需求实现
- 鼠标拖拽摇杆球控制坦克移动；
- 上下左右按键也可以控制坦克移动，并且摇杆球也同步移动；
- 鼠标右键滑动，控制坦克转向；
- 相机在玩家后上方的位置，始终跟随玩家，朝玩家正前方看；
- 单击鼠标左键或按空格键控制坦克发射炮弹。
2）涉及技术栈
- Transform组件
- 人机交互Input
- 刚体组件Rigidbody
- 相机跟随
- Canvas渲染模式与锚点
- UGUI之Image
-
UGUI回调函数
本文代码资源见 → Unity3D 摇杆控制物体运动。
2 游戏对象
1）游戏界面
2）游戏对象层级结构
3）Transform组件参数
1. 玩家 Transform 组件参数
| Name | Type | Position | Rotation | Scale | Color/Texture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Empty | (0, 0.25, -5) | (0, 0, 0) | (1, 1, 1) | #228439FF |
| Botton | Cube | (0, 0, 0) | (0, 0, 0) | (2, 0.5, 2) | #228439FF |
| Top | Cube | (0, 0.5, 0) | (0, 0, 0) | (1, 0.5, 1) | #228439FF |
| Gun | Cylinder | (0, 0, 1.5) | (90, 0, 0) | (0.2, 1, 0.4) | #228439FF |
| FirePoint | Empty | (0, 1.15, 0) | (0, 0, 0) | (1, 1, 1) | —— |
补充：Player 游戏对象添加了刚体组件。
2. 地面和炮弹 Transform 组件参数
| Name | Type | Position | Rotation | Scale | Color/Texture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plane | Plane | (0, 0, 0) | (0, 0, 0) | (10, 10, 10) | GrassRockyAlbedo |
| Bullet | Sphere | (0, 0.5, -5) | (0, 0, 0) | (0.3, 0.3, 0.3) | #228439FF |
补充：炮弹作为预设体拖拽到 Assets/Resources/Prefabs 目录下，并且添加了刚体组件。
3. 摇杆 RectTransform 组件参数
| Name | Type | Width/Height | Pos | Anchors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stick | Canvas | —— | —— | —— |
| Background | Image | (100, 100) | (75, 75, 0) | (0, 0), (0, 0) |
| Ball | Image | (40, 40) | (75, 75, 0) | (0, 0), (0, 0) |
3 脚本组件
1）CameraController
CameraController.cs
using UnityEngine;public class CameraController : MonoBehaviour {private Transform player; // 玩家private Vector3 relaPlayerPos; // 相机在玩家坐标系中的位置private float targetDistance = 15f; // 相机看向玩家前方的位置private void Start() {relaPlayerPos = new Vector3(0, 4, -8);player = GameObject.Find("Player/Top").transform;}private void LateUpdate() {CompCameraPos();}private void CompCameraPos() { // 计算相机坐标Vector3 target = player.position + player.forward * targetDistance;transform.position = transformVecter(relaPlayerPos, player.position, player.right, player.up, player.forward);transform.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(target - transform.position);}// 求以origin为原点, locX, locY, locZ 为坐标轴的本地坐标系中的向量 vec 在世界坐标系中对应的向量private Vector3 transformVecter(Vector3 vec, Vector3 origin, Vector3 locX, Vector3 locY, Vector3 locZ) {return vec.x * locX + vec.y * locY + vec.z * locZ + origin;}
}说明： CameraController 脚本组件挂在 MainCamera 游戏对象上。
2）PlayerController
PlayerController.cs
using System;
using UnityEngine;public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour {private Transform firePoint; // 开火点private GameObject bulletPrefab; // 炮弹预设体private StickController stick; // 摇杆控制器private float tankMoveSpeed = 4f; // 坦克移动速度private float tankRotateSpeed = 2f; // 坦克转向速度private Vector3 predownMousePoint; // 鼠标按下时的位置private Vector3 currMousePoint; // 当前鼠标位置private float fireWaitTime = float.MaxValue; // 距离上次开火已等待的时间private float bulletCoolTime = 0.15f; // 炮弹冷却时间private void Start() {firePoint = transform.Find("Top/Gun/FirePoint");bulletPrefab = (GameObject) Resources.Load("Prefabs/Bullet");stick = GameObject.Find("Stick/Ball").GetComponent<StickController>();}private void Update() {Move();Rotate();Fire();}private void Move() { // 坦克移动float hor = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");float ver = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");Move(hor, ver);}public void Move(float hor, float ver) { // 坦克移动if (Mathf.Abs(hor) > float.Epsilon || Mathf.Abs(ver) > float.Epsilon) {Vector3 vec = transform.forward * ver + transform.right * hor;GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = vec * tankMoveSpeed;// stick.UpdateStick(new Vector3(hor, 0, ver));Vector3 dire = new Vector3(hor, ver, 0);dire = dire.normalized * Mathf.Min(dire.magnitude, 1);stick.UpdateStick(dire);}}private void Rotate() { // 坦克旋转if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(1)) {predownMousePoint = Input.mousePosition;} else if (Input.GetMouseButton(1)) {currMousePoint = Input.mousePosition;Vector3 vec = currMousePoint - predownMousePoint;GetComponent<Rigidbody>().angularVelocity = Vector3.up * tankRotateSpeed * vec.x;predownMousePoint = currMousePoint;}}private void Fire() { // 坦克开炮fireWaitTime += Time.deltaTime;if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0) && !IsMouseInUIArea() || Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space)) {if (fireWaitTime > bulletCoolTime) {BulletInfo bulletInfo = new BulletInfo("PlayerBullet", Color.red, transform.forward, 10f, 15f);GameObject bullet = Instantiate(bulletPrefab, firePoint.position, Quaternion.identity);bullet.AddComponent<BulletController>().SetBulletInfo(bulletInfo);fireWaitTime = 0f;}}}private bool IsMouseInUIArea() { // 鼠标在UI控件区域Vector3 pos = Input.mousePosition;return pos.x < 150 && pos.y < 150;}
}说明： PlayerController 脚本组件挂在 Player 游戏对象上。
3）StickController
StickController.cs
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;public class StickController : MonoBehaviour, IDragHandler, IEndDragHandler {private Vector3 originPos; // 鼠标开始拖拽时位置private Vector3 currPos; // 鼠标当前位置private float radius; // 遥杆半径private PlayerController player; // 玩家控制器private Vector3 dire = Vector3.zero; // 摇杆球的方位private void Start () {originPos = transform.position;radius = 50;player = GameObject.Find("Player").GetComponent<PlayerController>();}private void Update () {player.Move(dire.x, dire.y);}public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData) {Vector3 vec = Input.mousePosition - originPos;dire = vec.normalized * Mathf.Min(vec.magnitude / radius, 1);UpdateStick(dire);}public void OnEndDrag(PointerEventData eventData) {transform.position = originPos;dire = Vector3.zero;}public void UpdateStick(Vector3 dire) { // 更新摇杆位置transform.position = originPos + dire * radius;}
}说明： StickController 脚本组件挂在 Ball 游戏对象上。
4）BulletController
BulletController.cs
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;public class BulletController : MonoBehaviour {private BulletInfo bulletInfo; // 炮弹信息private void Start () {gameObject.name = bulletInfo.name;GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material.color = bulletInfo.color;float lifeTime = bulletInfo.fireRange / bulletInfo.speed; // 存活时间Destroy(gameObject, lifeTime);}private void Update () {transform.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = bulletInfo.flyDir * bulletInfo.speed;}public void SetBulletInfo(BulletInfo bulletInfo) {this.bulletInfo = bulletInfo;}
}说明： BulletController 脚本组件挂在 Bullet 游戏对象上（代码里动态添加）。
5）BulletInfo
BulletInfo.cs
using UnityEngine;public class BulletInfo {public string name; // 炮弹名public Color color; // 炮弹颜色public Vector3 flyDir; // 炮弹飞出方向public float speed; // 炮弹飞行速度public float fireRange; // 炮弹射程public BulletInfo(string name, Color color, Vector3 flyDir, float speed, float fireRange) {this.name = name;this.color = color;this.flyDir = flyDir;this.speed = speed;this.fireRange = fireRange;}
}4 运行效果
