为 Laravel 提供生产模式下的容器化环境：打造现代开发环境的终极指南

在现代开发中，容器化已经成为一种趋势。使用 Docker 可以让我们轻松地管理和部署应用程序。本文将带你一步步构建一个高效的 Laravel 容器化环境，确保你的应用程序在开发和生产环境中都能顺畅运行。

功能:

拆分队列运行容器和web服务容器
开发环境和生产环境分离
日志监控
方便升级
可推送K8s环境，实现弹性伸缩.

最终文件结构，laravel 源代码在 src中.
在这里插入图片描述

一、Docker Compose 文件配置

首先，我们需要创建一个 docker-compose.yml 文件，这个文件定义了我们的服务及其配置。

version: '3'
services:      app:build:context: .dockerfile: Dockerfileenvironment:- COMPOSER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT=6000      ports:- 8290:80volumes:- /etc/hosts:/etc/hosts      - ../src:/var/www/htmllogging: # 可以使用loki将log采集，并在grafana中设置监控和告警 driver: lokioptions:loki-url: "http://localhost:3100/loki/api/v1/push"loki-retries: "5"loki-batch-size: "100"no-file: "true"command: bash -c "chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache && service nginx start && php-fpm"worker:build:context: .dockerfile: Dockerfileenvironment:- COMPOSER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT=6000      command: php artisan horizonvolumes:- /etc/hosts:/etc/hosts    - ../src:/var/www/html# laravel 的源代码我们可以放在上层文件夹中logging:driver: lokioptions:loki-url: "http://localhost:3100/loki/api/v1/push"loki-retries: "5"loki-batch-size: "100"no-file: "true"      links:- app

二、Dockerfile 配置

接下来，我们需要编写 Dockerfile 文件，定义应用程序的运行环境。这样可以很容易的拆分开开发和生产环境

# Use the base PHP image with the specified version
FROM php:8.2.14-fpm# Set the working directory inside the container
WORKDIR /var/www/html# Update package lists and install necessary dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \curl \libpng-dev \libonig-dev \libxml2-dev \zip \unzip \libzip-dev \libjpeg-dev \libfreetype6-dev \libssl-dev \libcurl4-openssl-dev # Install Nginx
RUN apt-get install -y nginx# Install PHP extensions required by your application
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mbstring exif pcntl bcmath gd zip 
RUN docker-php-ext-install soap
RUN docker-php-ext-install ctype 
RUN docker-php-ext-install curl
RUN docker-php-ext-install dom
RUN docker-php-ext-install fileinfo 
RUN docker-php-ext-install filter
RUN docker-php-ext-install session
RUN docker-php-ext-install xml
RUN docker-php-ext-install ftp# Install and enable the Redis extension
RUN pecl install redis && docker-php-ext-enable redis# Install Xdebug extension
# RUN pecl install xdebug && docker-php-ext-enable xdebug# Copy the application files into the container
# COPY . .# Change ownership of directories used by the application
# RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cacheRUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer# RUN composer install --optimize-autoloader --no-devCOPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-available/defaultRUN rm /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html# Expose ports 80 and 443 to the outside world
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443# Set the default command to run when the container starts
CMD service nginx start && php-fpm

三、Nginx 配置

创建一个 nginx.conf 文件，配置 Nginx 以服务我们的 Laravel 应用程序。

server {listen 80;server_name localhost;root /var/www/html/public;index index.php index.html index.htm;location / {try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;}location ~ \.php$ {include fastcgi_params;fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_read_timeout 3000;fastcgi_connect_timeout 3000;fastcgi_send_timeout 3000;}location ~ /\.ht {deny all;}
}

四、Makefile 配置

为了更方便地管理 Docker 容器，我们可以使用 Makefile 定义常用的命令。

install: build docker compose run --rm app composer install docker compose run --rm app cp -f .env.prod .envupdate:docker compose run --rm app composer updatecache:docker compose run --rm app php artisan route:cachedocker compose run --rm app php artisan config:cachedocker compose run --rm app composer dump-autoload  -obuild: build-app build-work build-app:docker compose -f docker-compose.yml build appbuild-work:docker compose -f docker-compose.yml build workerstart:docker compose -f docker-compose.yml up -dstop:docker compose -f docker-compose.yml downrestart: docker compose -f docker-compose.yml restartexec:docker compose exec app /bin/bashinfo:docker compose run --rm app php -i