Python-基于Pygame的小游戏（滑雪大冒险）（一）

前言：《滑雪大冒险》是一款休闲跑酷类游戏，玩家需要在游戏中与雪崩竞速，同时避开雪地上的各种障碍物，如石头、草丛和冰凌等。游戏的核心玩法是在雪山上滑行，避免被身后的雪崩吞没，并尽可能向前推进。与传统跑酷游戏不同的是，这款游戏中没有受伤或失败的概念，只有减速。当玩家的速度降到极慢时，可能会被雪崩追上。那么好，我们今天就一起来学习编写"滑雪大冒险"这款童年单机游戏（由于多方面的限制，制作的游戏可玩性不高，望大家包涵，后面我也会持续优化）。

编程思路：本次编程我们将会用到Python中的pygame,math,tkinter和random。其中，pygame是Python的第三方库，需要我们自行下载安装（不懂怎么下载的同学可以看一下我的前几篇有关pygame的文章，上面有相关教程）。

第一步：导入库

pygame是游戏的主体，包括图片描绘，声音播放等都由它来完成，。random和math主要实现游戏的内部运行逻辑。tkinter则负责最后的得分结算展示

python">import pygame
import random
import math
from tkinter import messagebox

第二步：初始化游戏

python">pygame.init()
screen_width = 800
screen_height = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("滑雪大冒险 - 初级版")
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)

我们先提供游戏的初始化部分：设置窗口的大小、标题和颜色，为后续的游戏逻辑和图形渲染做准备。

第三步：创建游戏相关类

游戏相关类其实主要就两个:障碍物(如冰山，石头，树等)，滑雪者。

python">class Skier(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.images = [pygame.image.load("skier_1.png")]self.image = self.images[0]self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = (screen_width // 2, screen_height - 50)self.speed = 5self.direction = 0self.score = 0self.animation_index = 0self.is_jumping = Falseself.jump_height = 600self.jump_velocity = 0self.gravity = 0.1def update(self):if not self.is_jumping:self.rect.x += self.speed * self.directionif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0if self.rect.right > screen_width:self.rect.right = screen_widthelse:self.jump_velocity += self.gravityself.rect.y += self.jump_velocityif self.rect.y >= screen_height - 50:self.rect.y = screen_height - 50self.is_jumping = False# 更新动画self.animation_index = (self.animation_index + 1) % len(self.images)self.image = self.images[self.animation_index]def turn(self, direction):self.direction = directiondef jump(self):if not self.is_jumping:self.is_jumping = Trueself.jump_velocity = -math.sqrt(2 * self.gravity * self.jump_height)class Obstacle(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, type):super().__init__()if type == "tree":self.image = pygame.image.load("tree.png")elif type == "rock":self.image = pygame.image.load("rock.png")elif type == "iceberg":self.image = pygame.image.load("iceberg.png")self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.x = screen_width + random.randint(0, 200)self.rect.y = screen_height - random.randint(100, 300)self.speed = 3def update(self):self.rect.x -= self.speedif self.rect.right < 0:self.kill()

第四步：游戏主循环

这一步是实现游戏整体效果的核心，需要调用到上面创建的各个类。

python">
skier = Skier()
obstacles = pygame.sprite.Group()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
while running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:skier.turn(-1)elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:skier.turn(1)elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:skier.jump()elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:skier.speed -= 1screen.fill(WHITE)skier.update()obstacles.update()# 随机生成障碍物if random.randint(0, 100) < 1:obstacle_type = random.choice(["tree", "rock", "iceberg"])obstacle = Obstacle(obstacle_type)obstacles.add(obstacle)# 检测碰撞if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(skier, obstacles, False):running = Falsemessagebox.showinfo("游戏结束", "得分：" + str(skier.score))screen.blit(skier.image, skier.rect)obstacles.draw(screen)# 显示分数font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)score_text = font.render(f"Score: {skier.score}", True, WHITE)screen.blit(score_text, (10, 10))skier.score += 1pygame.display.flip()clock.tick(50)pygame.quit()

第五步：准备游戏相关图片

温馨体示：图片需要放在PyCharm的python项目下。（不理解的同学可以看我前几篇文章）

滑雪者(skier_1.png)：

树(tree.png)：

冰山(iceberg.png)：

石头(rock.png)：

第六步：完整代码展示

python">import pygame
import random
import math
from tkinter import messageboxpygame.init()
screen_width = 800
screen_height = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("滑雪大冒险 - 初级版")
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)class Skier(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.images = [pygame.image.load("skier_1.png")]self.image = self.images[0]self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = (screen_width // 2, screen_height - 50)self.speed = 5self.direction = 0self.score = 0self.animation_index = 0self.is_jumping = Falseself.jump_height = 600self.jump_velocity = 0self.gravity = 0.1def update(self):if not self.is_jumping:self.rect.x += self.speed * self.directionif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0if self.rect.right > screen_width:self.rect.right = screen_widthelse:self.jump_velocity += self.gravityself.rect.y += self.jump_velocityif self.rect.y >= screen_height - 50:self.rect.y = screen_height - 50self.is_jumping = False# 更新动画self.animation_index = (self.animation_index + 1) % len(self.images)self.image = self.images[self.animation_index]def turn(self, direction):self.direction = directiondef jump(self):if not self.is_jumping:self.is_jumping = Trueself.jump_velocity = -math.sqrt(2 * self.gravity * self.jump_height)class Obstacle(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, type):super().__init__()if type == "tree":self.image = pygame.image.load("tree.png")elif type == "rock":self.image = pygame.image.load("rock.png")elif type == "iceberg":self.image = pygame.image.load("iceberg.png")self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.x = screen_width + random.randint(0, 200)self.rect.y = screen_height - random.randint(100, 300)self.speed = 3def update(self):self.rect.x -= self.speedif self.rect.right < 0:self.kill()skier = Skier()
obstacles = pygame.sprite.Group()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
while running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:skier.turn(-1)elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:skier.turn(1)elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:skier.jump()elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:skier.speed -= 1screen.fill(WHITE)skier.update()obstacles.update()# 随机生成障碍物if random.randint(0, 100) < 1:obstacle_type = random.choice(["tree", "rock", "iceberg"])obstacle = Obstacle(obstacle_type)obstacles.add(obstacle)# 检测碰撞if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(skier, obstacles, False):running = Falsemessagebox.showinfo("游戏结束", "得分：" + str(skier.score))screen.blit(skier.image, skier.rect)obstacles.draw(screen)# 显示分数font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)score_text = font.render(f"Score: {skier.score}", True, WHITE)screen.blit(score_text, (10, 10))skier.score += 1pygame.display.flip()clock.tick(50)pygame.quit()