linux桌面软件（wps）内嵌到其他窗口

程序测试环境是：slackware系统，属于linux系统，有桌面（Xface Session）。系统镜像是：slackware64-15.0-install-dvd.iso。qt、c++代码实现。

程序功能：将已经打开的wps（word、pdf等都可以）软件界面内嵌到qt窗口里。

必要条件：slackware系统里需要安装wps、qt5开发工具，本篇文章不做详述。

编译说明：上图是测试demo编译时，在编译工程里加的依赖。以下截图的部分代码，其他代码不做描述。

form.h：

#ifndef FORM_H
#define FORM_H#include <QWidget>
#include <QProcess>namespace Ui {
class Form;
}class Form : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:explicit Form(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Form();void find_window_id_in_tree();void find_window_id_by_class();void add_window_in_qt(WId id);private:Ui::Form *ui;QProcess *process;
};#endif // FORM_H

form.cpp

#include "form.h"
#include "ui_form.h"
#include <QWindow>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QtX11Extras/QX11Info>
#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <QDebug>
#include <X11/Xlib.h> 
#include <X11/Xatom.h> 
#include <iostream>  
#include <vector>  
#include <string>  
#include <sstream>  
#include <fstream>Form::Form(QWidget *parent) :QWidget(parent),ui(new Ui::Form)
{ui->setupUi(this);find_window_id_in_tree();find_window_id_by_class();
}Form::~Form()
{delete ui;
}// 通过系统窗口树形结构去一层层遍历窗口（我这里没有遍历子窗口，如果找不到某个窗口，或许是因为是子窗口）
void Form::find_window_id_in_tree()
{Display *display = XOpenDisplay(nullptr);if (!display) {std::cerr << "Cannot open display\n";return;}Window root = DefaultRootWindow(display);Window parent, *children;unsigned int num_children;if (!XQueryTree(display, root, &root, &parent, &children, &num_children)) {return;}std::vector<Window> windows;windows.push_back(root);for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_children; ++i) {windows.push_back(children[i]);}XFree(children);for (Window win : windows) {char* name;int status = XFetchName(display, win, &name);if (status == 1) {// 这里的win就是窗口的id，也是窗口的句柄值std::cout << "Found window name: " << name << " " << win << std::endl;if (std::string(name).find("wps") != std::string::npos) {
//                XFree(name);
//                return;}XFree(name);}// 递归检查子窗口（如果有的话）// 注意：这里为了简化示例，没有实现递归}
}// 将第三方软件(wps)窗口内嵌到qt窗口里
void Form::add_window_in_qt(WId id)
{QWindow *win = QWindow::fromWinId(id);QWidget *widget = QWidget::createWindowContainer(win);widget->setParent(this);QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();layout->addWidget(widget);this->setLayout(layout);
}// 获取窗口id（句柄）（找到的另外一种比较快捷的拿到窗口句柄的方式）
void Form::find_window_id_by_class()
{Display* display = XOpenDisplay(NULL);if (!display) {std::cerr << "Failed to open display" << std::endl;return;}Atom netClientListAtom = XInternAtom(display, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);Atom actualType;int format;unsigned long numItems, bytesAfter;unsigned char* data = NULL;int status = XGetWindowProperty(display, DefaultRootWindow(display),netClientListAtom, 0, ~0UL, False,AnyPropertyType,&actualType, &format, &numItems, &bytesAfter,&data);if (status == Success && actualType == XA_WINDOW) {Window* windows = reinterpret_cast<Window*>(data);for (unsigned long i = 0; i < numItems; ++i) {Window win = windows[i];Atom actualType;int format;unsigned long nitems;unsigned long bytes_after;unsigned char* prop_data = nullptr;// 获取WM_CLASS属性if (XGetWindowProperty(display, win, XInternAtom(display, "WM_CLASS", False), 0, 1024, False, XA_STRING,&actualType, &format, &nitems, &bytes_after, &prop_data) == Success) {std::string className(reinterpret_cast<char*>(prop_data));if (actualType == XA_STRING && className == "wpspdf") {std::cout << "Window class name for window " << win << ": " << className << std::endl;XFree(prop_data);add_window_in_qt(win);}}}} else {std::cerr << "Failed to get window list property" << std::endl;}if (data != NULL) {XFree(data);}XCloseDisplay(display);
}

代码需要说明的有如下几点：

1、wps在slackware 中安装好后，可以打开word、pdf、execl、ppt，他们分别对应的可执行文件是wps、wpspdf、et、wpp。

2、本次demo测试，是将pdf窗口内嵌到qt窗口。

3、代码逻辑有些随意，主要是用于测试。效果如下：