Spring Boot集成liquibase快速入门Demo

1.什么是liquibase？

Liquibase是一个用于跟踪、管理和应用数据库变化的开源的数据库重构工具。它将所有数据库的变化（包括结构和数据）都保存在 changelog 文件中，便于版本控制，它的目标是提供一种数据库类型无关的解决方案，通过执行 schema 类型的文件来达到迁移。

Liquibase 特性

支持几乎所有主流的数据库，如 MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Sql Server, DB2 等；
支持多开发者的协作维护；
日志文件支持多种格式，如 XML, YAML, JSON, SQL等；
支持上下文相关逻辑
生成数据库变更文档
支持多种运行方式，如命令行、Spring 集成、Maven 插件、Gradle 插件等。

2.环境准备

version: '3'
services:mysql:image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/mysql:5.7container_name: mysql_3306restart: unless-stoppedvolumes:- "./mysql/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf"- "./mysql/init-file.sql:/etc/mysql/init-file.sql"- "./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql"
#      - "./mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d"- "./mysql/log/mysql/error.log:/var/log/mysql/error.log"- "./mysql/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d" # init sql script directory -- tips: it can be excute  when `/var/lib/mysql` is emptyenvironment:                        # set environment,equals docker run -eTZ: Asia/ShanghaiLANG: en_US.UTF-8MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root         # set root passwordMYSQL_DATABASE: root              # init database nameports:                              # port mappping- "3306:3306"

注意my.cnf在windows系统必须为只读，否则忽略

docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -p mysql57 up -d

3.代码工程

实验目标

实验mysql数据初始化

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.2.1</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>Liquibase</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.liquibase</groupId><artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.33</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.liquibase</groupId><artifactId>liquibase-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><!--生成Changelog的输出目录--><outputChangeLogFile>${basedir}/src/main/resources/liquibase/generate/changeLog.xml</outputChangeLogFile><!--DB连接信息--><driver>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</driver><url>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useSSL=false</url><username>root</username><password>root</password><dropFirst>false</dropFirst><verbose>true</verbose><logging>debug</logging><promptOnNonLocalDatabase>false</promptOnNonLocalDatabase><outputFileEncoding>UTF-8</outputFileEncoding><propertyFileWillOverride>true</propertyFileWillOverride></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

applocation.properties

spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/demo?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverspring.liquibase.change-log = classpath:liquibase/master.xml
spring.liquibase.contexts = dev

changlog配置目录

400928528

也可以使用插件生成，如下图所示

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以上只是一些关键代码，所有代码请参见下面代码仓库

代码仓库

GitHub - Harries/springboot-demo: a simple springboot demo with some components for example: redis,solr,rockmq and so on.(liquibase）

4.测试

启动Spring Boot应用程序，查看启动日志

2024-08-05T14:36:52.691+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.changelog : Reading from demo.databasechangelog
Database is up to date, no changesets to execute
2024-08-05T14:36:52.730+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.changelog : Reading from demo.databasechangelog
2024-08-05T14:36:52.737+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : UPDATE SUMMARY
2024-08-05T14:36:52.737+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : Run: 0
2024-08-05T14:36:52.737+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : Previously run: 1
2024-08-05T14:36:52.737+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : Filtered out: 0
2024-08-05T14:36:52.737+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : -------------------------------
2024-08-05T14:36:52.737+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : Total change sets: 1
2024-08-05T14:36:52.738+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.util : Update summary generated
2024-08-05T14:36:52.755+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.lockservice : Successfully released change log lock
2024-08-05T14:36:52.757+08:00 INFO 26572 --- [ main] liquibase.command : Command execution complete