方式一：
su - oracle
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL>select 'copy datafile '||''''||file_name||''''||' to '||''''||'/oradata/dkwhdb_dg/'||substr(file_name,instr(file_name,'/',-1)+1)||''';' from dba_data_files;
rman target /
     RMAN>(将上述命令在该处运行)

方式二：
su - oracle
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> alter database begin backup;
Database altered.

scp *.dbf 192.168.142.133: /oracle/app/oradata/orcl/

su - oracle
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> alter database end backup;
Database altered.

控制文件备份恢复要在end backup之后，不然有可能fuzzy状态不对，不能打开数据库
RMAN> catalog start with '/home/oracle/app/oradata/';
select 'set newname for datafile '||file#||' to '||''''||'/home/oracle/app/oradata/'||substr(name,instr(name,'/',-1)+1)||''''||';'||CHR(10)||'switch datafile '||file#||';' from v$datafile;
run{
set newname for datafile 1 to '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/SYSTEM01.DBF';
switch datafile 1;
}

方式三：
RMAN> backup database format '/oracle/rmanbak/fulldb_orcl_%U.bak';
backup as compressed backupset format '/rman/backupset/full_%M%D_%U.bak' database plus archivelog format '/rman/backupset/archivelog_%M%D_%U.bak';
backup database format '/u01/backup/database_%d_%U' plus archivelog format '/u01/backup/arch_%Y%M%D_%U';
select 'set newname for datafile '||file#||' to '||''''||'/oracle/oradata/orcl/'||substr(name,instr(name,'\',-1)+1)||''';' from v$datafile;
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orc1
rman target / log=/oradata/backup/rman.log << EOF 
run{
CATALOG BACKUPPIECE '/tmp/FULL_ORACLE_0KTKH53A_1_1.BAK';
CATALOG BACKUPPIECE '/tmp/FULL_ORACLE_0LTKH55M_1_1.BAK';
set newname for datafile 1 to '/oracle/app/oradata/system.256.1001344703';
（select查询出来的）
restore database;     
switch datafile all;
}
exit
EOF

方式三：

在备库开始复制：(RAC 在执行rman duplicate的时候，报如下ORA-19505错误：可以在备库TNS增加单机配置，主库先连单节点进行duplicate)
rman target sys/xxxx@orcl auxiliary sys/xxxxx@orcl_dg nocatalog

duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;