Socket编程实验

文章目录

- - 服务端：
  - 客户端：
  - 使用说明：
  - 封装后服务端：
  - 封装后客户端

听学弟学妹们反馈，好像老师发的socket编程实验指导里的代码跑不起来。
今天花了一大把时间写了下socket编程代码
现在附上能跑的c++代码：
最重要的是，记得更改其中注释和变量名，不然的话容易被老师查重，一定要改
（后面有使用说明！）

服务端：

#include <iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
int main() {// 初始化 WinsockWSADATA wsaData;int result = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);if (result != 0) {std::cerr << "WSAStartup failed with error: " << result << std::endl;return 1;}// 创建 SocketSOCKET serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);if (serverSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {std::cerr << "socket failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;WSACleanup();return 1;}// 绑定端口sockaddr_in serverAddr;serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);serverAddr.sin_port = htons(8080);result = bind(serverSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "bind failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}// 监听连接result = listen(serverSocket, SOMAXCONN);if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "listen failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}std::cout << "Server is listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;// 接受客户端连接SOCKET clientSocket = accept(serverSocket, NULL, NULL);if (clientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {std::cerr << "accept failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}std::cout << "Client connected." << std::endl;while (true) {// 接收客户端发送的数据并打印char buffer[1024];result = recv(clientSocket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);if (result > 0) {buffer[result] = '\0';std::cout << "收到消息： " << buffer << std::endl;const char* feedback = "服务端已经收到消息";int result2 = send(clientSocket, feedback, strlen(feedback), 0);if (result2 == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "返回消息报错 " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;}}else if (result == 0) {std::cout << "客户端已关闭." << std::endl;break;}else {std::cerr << "recv failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;break;}}// 关闭 Socketclosesocket(clientSocket);closesocket(serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 0;
}

客户端：

#include <iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h> // 包含 InetPton 函数的声明
#include <string>#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")int main() {// 初始化 WinsockWSADATA wsaData;int result = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);if (result != 0) {std::cerr << "WSAStartup failed with error: " << result << std::endl;return 1;}// 创建 SocketSOCKET clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);if (clientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {std::cerr << "socket failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;WSACleanup();return 1;}// 连接到服务端sockaddr_in serverAddr;serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serverAddr.sin_addr); // 将字符串转换为网络地址serverAddr.sin_port = htons(8080); // 服务端端口result = connect(clientSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "connect failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(clientSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}std::cout << "Connected to server." << std::endl;std::cout << "已经成功链接到服务端" << std::endl;// 输入消息并发送到服务端std::cout << "请输入发送到服务端的信息 (发送 exit 则断开链接):" << std::endl;std::string message;while (true) {std::getline(std::cin, message);if (message == "exit") {break;}result = send(clientSocket, message.c_str(), message.length(), 0);if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "send failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(clientSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}// 接收服务端的反馈信息char buffer[1024];result = recv(clientSocket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);if (result > 0) {buffer[result] = '\0';std::cout << "发送成功: " << buffer << std::endl;}else if (result == 0) {std::cout << "服务端连接关闭" << std::endl;}else {std::cerr << "出错了: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;}}std::cout << "Message sent to server." << std::endl;// 关闭 Socketclosesocket(clientSocket);WSACleanup();return 0;
}

使用说明：

1，这个程序得用visual studio来运行，就是这个：
在这里插入图片描述
2，你要建2个项目
步骤：
(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)
重复以上（1）~（4）步骤
这样你就得到了两个项目，往这两个项目的cpp文件中分别复制粘贴服务端代码和客户端代码。
最后先运行服务端，再运行客户端
就可以把客户端信息发送到服务端了。
重要的是，记得更改其中注释和变量名，不然的话容易被老师查重

后面的代码就是我封装了以后的服务端与客户端。
服务端里使用了多线程进行处理信息，
客户端有连接设置，连不上会自动重连。
欢迎扩展，拿去改改当轮子用

封装后服务端：

#include <iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <thread>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")class MyServer {
public:MyServer() {init(); //先初始化WinsockcreateServerSocket();   //创建Socket服务端}//设置端口int setPort(int ppot) {port = ppot;return 0;}//创建套接字int setServerBind() {//在服务端创建一个套接字，并将其绑定到指定的 IP 地址和端口号上，以便服务端能够监听客户端的连接请求serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;    //设置地址族为AF_INET.即IPv4地址serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //将IP地址设置为INADDR_ANY 表示可以接收来自任何可用接口的连接请求serverAddr.sin_port = htons(port);  //设置端口号，表示服务端将在port端口上监听连接请求//将服务端套接字绑定在指定地址上。int result = bind(*serverSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "bind failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(*serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}return 0;}//设置监听连接int listenPost() {// 监听连接int result = listen(*serverSocket, SOMAXCONN);if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "listen failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(*serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}std::cout << "服务端正在监视端口" << port << std::endl;return 0;}//处理连接int disposeConnect() {while (true) {SOCKET clientSocket = accept(*serverSocket, NULL, NULL);if (clientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {std::cerr << "出问题了： " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(*serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}// 创建线程处理连接std::thread clientThread(&MyServer::HandleClient, this, clientSocket);clientThread.detach(); // 在后台运行线程，不阻塞主线程}return 0;}//关闭套接字int closeServer() {closesocket(*serverSocket);WSACleanup();return 0;}~MyServer() {}private://初始化Winsockint init() {std::cout << "正在初始化Winsock" << std::endl;int result = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);if (result != 0) {std::cerr << "WSAStartup运行失败，报错: " << result << std::endl;return 1;}std::cout << "初始化成功" << std::endl;return 0;}//创建Socket服务端int createServerSocket() {std::cout << "正在创建Socket服务端" << std::endl;serverSocket = new SOCKET(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP));if (*serverSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {// 判断是否创建成功std::cerr << "socket服务端创建失败，报错: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;WSACleanup();return 1;}std::cout << "创建成功" << std::endl;return 0;}//处理单个客户端连接void HandleClient(SOCKET client) {sockaddr_in clientAddr;int addrLen = sizeof(clientAddr);getpeername(client, (SOCKADDR*)&clientAddr, &addrLen);char clientIP[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];inet_ntop(AF_INET, &(clientAddr.sin_addr), clientIP, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);std::cout << "来自" << clientIP << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port) << "的连接" << std::endl;while (true) {char buffer[1024];int result = recv(client, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);if (result > 0) {buffer[result] = '\0';std::cout << clientIP << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port) << ": " << buffer << std::endl;const char* feedback = "Message received by server.";int result2 = send(client, feedback, strlen(feedback), 0);if (result2 == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "send failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;}}else if (result == 0) {std::cout << clientIP << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port) << ": ""连接关闭." << std::endl;break;}else {std::cerr << clientIP << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port) << ": ""错误： " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;break;}}closesocket(client);}SOCKET* serverSocket;    //Socket服务端int port = 8080;         // 端口号sockaddr_in serverAddr;  //服务端地址信息WSADATA wsaData;        //};int main() {MyServer* server = new MyServer();/*int pot;*//*std::cout << "请输入端口:";std::cin >> pot;*/server->setServerBind();server->listenPost();server->disposeConnect();server->closeServer();return 0;
}

封装后客户端

#include <iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h> // 包含 InetPton 函数的声明
#include <string>
#include <thread>#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")class MyClient {
public:MyClient() {init();createClientSocket();}//设置目标IPint setAimIp(char* ip) {aimIp = ip;return 0;}//设置目标端口int setAimPort(int pot) {aimPort = pot;return 0;}//连接服务端int ConnectServer() {while (1) {sockaddr_in serverAddr;serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;inet_pton(AF_INET, aimIp, &serverAddr.sin_addr); // 将字符串转换为网络地址std::cout << "目标：" << aimIp << ":" << aimPort << std::endl;serverAddr.sin_port = htons(aimPort); // 服务端端口int result = connect(*clientSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "connect failed with error: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;std::cout << "Waiting for server to start..." << std::endl;std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5)); // 等待5秒continue; // 继续尝试重新连接}std::cout << "已经成功链接到服务端" << aimIp << ":" << aimPort << std::endl;break;}return 0;}//发送信息int sendMessage(char* message) {int result = send(*clientSocket, message, sizeof(message), 0);if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) {std::cerr << "发送失败: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;closesocket(*clientSocket);WSACleanup();return 1;}// 接收服务端的反馈信息char buffer[1024];result = recv(*clientSocket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);if (result > 0) {buffer[result] = '\0';std::cout << "发送成功: " << buffer << std::endl;}else if (result == 0) {std::cout << "服务端连接关闭" << std::endl;}else {std::cerr << "出错了: " << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;}return 0;}//关闭客户端int closeClient() {closesocket(*clientSocket);return 0;}~MyClient() {WSACleanup();}private://初始化int init() {int result = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);if (result != 0) {std::cerr << "WSAStartup failed with error: " << result << std::endl;return 1;}return 0;}//创建客户端int createClientSocket() {std::cout << "正在创建Socket客户端" << std::endl;clientSocket = new SOCKET(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP));if (*clientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {std::cerr << "ocket客户端创建失败，报错:" << WSAGetLastError() << std::endl;WSACleanup();return 1;}std::cout << "创建成功" << std::endl;return 0;}WSADATA wsaData;SOCKET* clientSocket;char* aimIp;int aimPort;};int main() {MyClient* client = new MyClient();char ip[] = "127.0.0.1";int port = 8080;client->setAimIp(ip);   //设置ipclient->setAimPort(port);   //设置端口client->ConnectServer();//连接服务器// 输入消息并发送到服务端std::cout << "请输入发送到服务端的信息 (发送 exit 则断开链接):" << std::endl;char* message = new char[1024];while (true) {std::cin.getline(message, 1024);if (!strcmp(message, "exit")) {break;}client->sendMessage(message);}return 0;
}