2025 ODA teigha .NET系列开发教程
- 🎨 CAD图纸查看器
- 📖 项目介绍
- 🎯 项目目标
- 🛠️ 技术架构
- 核心技术
- ✨ 功能特性
- 📂 文件操作
- 🔍 视图控制
- 🎯 使用指南
- 快速开始
- 🔧 开发者指南
- 环境配置
- 📁 代码结构
- Control.xaml 显示控件
- Control.xaml.cs
- Device.cs类
- MainWindow.xaml主界面代码
- MainWindow.xaml.cs后端代码
🎨 CAD图纸查看器
- 下载Teigha SDK 21.6 FOR C#
📖 项目介绍
嗨!欢迎来到CAD图纸查看器项目!这是一个基于WPF和Teigha SDK开发的专业CAD文件查看工具。无论你是工程师、设计师,还是其他需要查看CAD图纸的专业人士,这个工具都能帮你轻松处理DWG/DXF格式的工程图纸。
🎯 项目目标
- 提供简单直观的CAD文件查看体验
- 确保高性能的图纸渲染和操作响应
- 支持业界标准的文件格式和操作方式
🛠️ 技术架构
核心技术
-
界面框架:WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)
- 现代化的UI设计
- 流畅的用户交互体验
-
开发语言:C#
- 强类型安全
- 优秀的内存管理
-
CAD引擎:Teigha SDK (Open Design Alliance)
-
- 下载Teigha SDK 21.6 FOR C#
- 专业的CAD文件解析能力
- 稳定可靠的图纸处理
-
渲染引擎:DirectX
- 高性能图形渲染
- 流畅的缩放和平移体验
✨ 功能特性
📂 文件操作
-
文件打开
- 支持.dwg格式(AutoCAD原生格式)
- 支持.dxf格式(通用交换格式)
- 智能错误提示和处理
-
文件保存
- 快速保存当前文件
- 支持另存为不同版本
- AutoCAD R24
- AutoCAD R21
- AutoCAD R18
- AutoCAD R15
- AutoCAD R14
- AutoCAD R13
- AutoCAD R12
🔍 视图控制
-
智能缩放
- 鼠标滚轮控制缩放
- 以鼠标位置为中心点
- 平滑的缩放效果
-
视图导航
- 直观的平移操作
- 模型空间/图纸空间切换
- 多视图支持
🎯 使用指南
快速开始
-
启动程序
- 双击程序图标启动
- 等待初始化完成
-
打开文件
- 点击菜单中的"_Open"
- 选择需要查看的CAD文件
- 等待文件加载完成
-
查看操作
- 使用鼠标滚轮进行缩放
- 拖动视图进行平移
- 使用菜单功能进行其他操作
🔧 开发者指南
环境配置
-
必需组件
- Visual Studio 2019或更高版本
- .NET Framework 4.7.2+
- Teigha SDK(需要许可证,请联系我,我这有最新的许可证)
- DirectX运行时
-
项目设置
<!-- 项目引用配置 --> <Reference Include="Teigha.DatabaseServices"> <Reference Include="Teigha.GraphicsSystem"> <Reference Include="Teigha.Runtime"> <Reference Include="Teigha.GraphicsInterface"> <Reference Include="Teigha.Geometry">
📁 代码结构
### 🔑 核心类说明#### D3DImage.cs 显示控件
主窗口类,包含以下关键组件:
```csharpusing System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using System.Windows.Media;
using Teigha.GraphicsSystem;
using Teigha.Runtime;namespace WpfViewDirectX
{/// <summary>/// DirectX图像控件/// 负责处理DirectX渲染表面和WPF图像的交互/// </summary>public class WpfViewDirectXD3DImage : D3DImage{// 图形系统设备引用private Device m_gsDevice;// DirectX渲染表面的本机指针private IntPtr d3dSurfacePtr = IntPtr.Zero;// 用于VC10兼容性的反射方法private static System.Reflection.MethodInfo fSetBackBuffer = null;/// <summary>/// 构造函数/// </summary>public WpfViewDirectXD3DImage(){}/// <summary>/// 初始化DirectX图像/// </summary>/// <param name="device">图形系统设备</param>public void Initialize(Device device){m_gsDevice = device;}/// <summary>/// 更新渲染表面/// 将DirectX渲染的内容更新到WPF图像/// </summary>public void UpdateSurface(){if (m_gsDevice == null)return;// 软件渲染模式下需要特殊处理if (IsSoftwareOnlyRenderMode() && !this.IsFrontBufferAvailable)return;UpdateBackBuffer();}/// <summary>/// 更新后台缓冲区/// </summary>void UpdateBackBuffer(){d3dSurfacePtr = GetD3DSurfaceFromDevice();SetD3DSurfacePtrToBackBuffer(d3dSurfacePtr);}/// <summary>/// 从设备获取DirectX渲染表面/// 在获取前需要更新设备,确保属性是最新的/// 获取新表面前需要释放旧表面/// </summary>private IntPtr GetD3DSurfaceFromDevice(){RXObject d3dSurfaceProp = null;using (Dictionary props = m_gsDevice.Properties){if (props.Contains("D3DSurface"))d3dSurfaceProp = props["D3DSurface"];}if (d3dSurfaceProp == null)return IntPtr.Zero;RxVariant v = new RxVariant(d3dSurfaceProp);return v.IntPtr;}/// <summary>/// 设置DirectX表面指针到后台缓冲区/// </summary>/// <param name="realSurfacePointer">DirectX表面指针</param>private void SetD3DSurfacePtrToBackBuffer(IntPtr realSurfacePointer){if (realSurfacePointer == IntPtr.Zero)return;CallSetBackBufferWithLocks(realSurfacePointer);UpdateDirtyRect();}/// <summary>/// 使用锁定机制调用SetBackBuffer/// 确保线程安全的缓冲区更新/// </summary>/// <param name="surface">DirectX表面指针</param>private void CallSetBackBufferWithLocks(IntPtr surface){// 通过反射获取SetBackBuffer方法if (fSetBackBuffer == null)fSetBackBuffer = typeof(WpfViewDirectXD3DImage).GetMethod("SetBackBuffer", new Type[] { typeof(D3DResourceType), typeof(IntPtr), typeof(bool) });this.Lock();// 调用SetBackBuffer方法设置后台缓冲区fSetBackBuffer.Invoke(this, new object[] {D3DResourceType.IDirect3DSurface9,surface,RenderOptions.ProcessRenderMode == System.Windows.Interop.RenderMode.SoftwareOnly});this.Unlock();}/// <summary>/// 更新脏矩形区域/// 标记需要重新渲染的区域/// </summary>private void UpdateDirtyRect(){Int32Rect updateRect = new Int32Rect();updateRect.X = updateRect.Y = 0;updateRect.Width = this.PixelWidth;updateRect.Height = this.PixelHeight;this.Lock();this.AddDirtyRect(updateRect);this.Unlock();}/// <summary>/// 清理后台缓冲区和渲染表面/// </summary>public void ClearBackBufferAndSurface(){CallSetBackBufferWithLocks(IntPtr.Zero);// 释放DirectX表面资源if (d3dSurfacePtr != IntPtr.Zero){Marshal.Release(d3dSurfacePtr);d3dSurfacePtr = IntPtr.Zero;}}/// <summary>/// 释放资源/// 在控件销毁前调用,确保资源正确释放/// </summary>public void Deinitialize(){if (IsSoftwareOnlyRenderMode() && !this.IsFrontBufferAvailable)return;if (m_gsDevice == null)return;ClearBackBufferAndSurface();m_gsDevice.Dispose();m_gsDevice = null;}/// <summary>/// 检查是否为软件渲染模式/// </summary>/// <returns>是否为软件渲染模式</returns>private bool IsSoftwareOnlyRenderMode(){return RenderOptions.ProcessRenderMode == System.Windows.Interop.RenderMode.SoftwareOnly;}}
}
Control.xaml 显示控件
主窗口类,包含以下关键组件:
<UserControl x:Class="WpfViewDirectX.Control"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:WpfViewDirectX="clr-namespace:WpfViewDirectX"Height="Auto" Width="Auto" SizeChanged="UserControl_SizeChanged"><Grid Name="Grid"><Image x:Name ="drawImage"VerticalAlignment="Stretch"HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Source="Images/oda_logo.png"/></Grid>
</UserControl>
Control.xaml.cs
主窗口类,包含以下关键组件:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using Brushes = System.Windows.Media.Brushes;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using Size = System.Windows.Size;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using Teigha;
using Teigha.DatabaseServices;
using Teigha.GraphicsInterface;
using Teigha.GraphicsSystem;
using Teigha.Runtime;namespace WpfViewDirectX
{/// <summary>/// CAD图纸渲染控件/// 负责处理图纸的显示和交互/// </summary>public partial class Control : UserControl{// 用于DirectX渲染的隐藏窗口,作为渲染表面Window HiddenWindowForRendering;// DirectX图像控件,用于显示渲染结果public WpfViewDirectXD3DImage d3dImage;// CAD数据库引用,存储图纸数据public Database database;// 视图设备,处理实际的渲染工作WpfViewDevice device;/// <summary>/// 构造函数/// 初始化控件和渲染相关组件/// </summary>public Control(){InitializeComponent();// 设置默认背景为ODA logodrawImage.Source = GetOdaLogo();// 初始化渲染设备device = new WpfViewDevice();d3dImage = new WpfViewDirectXD3DImage();}/// <summary>/// 初始化控件/// </summary>/// <param name="database">CAD数据库实例</param>public void Initialize(Database database){this.database = database;// 初始化渲染设备device.Initialize(this);// 初始化DirectX图像d3dImage.Initialize(device.graphichsDevice);// 调整大小Resize();// 设置图像源drawImage.Source = d3dImage;}/// <summary>/// 获取或创建用于渲染的隐藏窗口的句柄/// </summary>/// <returns>窗口句柄源</returns>public HwndSource GetHwndSourceOfHiddenWindowForRendering(){if (HiddenWindowForRendering == null){// 创建一个隐藏的窗口用于DirectX渲染HiddenWindowForRendering = new Window();HiddenWindowForRendering.Owner = Application.Current.MainWindow;HiddenWindowForRendering.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Hidden;HiddenWindowForRendering.WindowStyle = System.Windows.WindowStyle.None;HiddenWindowForRendering.ShowInTaskbar = false;HiddenWindowForRendering.Background = Brushes.Transparent;HiddenWindowForRendering.AllowsTransparency = true;HiddenWindowForRendering.Show();HiddenWindowForRendering.Hide();}return HwndSource.FromVisual(HiddenWindowForRendering) as HwndSource;}/// <summary>/// 重新初始化控件/// 在打开新文件前调用,清理旧的资源/// </summary>public void Reinitialize(){// 清理渲染设备if (device != null){device.Deinitialize();device = new WpfViewDevice();}// 清理DirectX图像if (d3dImage != null){d3dImage.Deinitialize();d3dImage = new WpfViewDirectXD3DImage();}}/// <summary>/// 更新渲染内容/// </summary>public void Update(){device.graphichsDevice.Update();}/// <summary>/// 释放控件资源/// 在窗口关闭前调用,确保资源正确释放/// </summary>public void Deinitialize(){// 释放渲染设备资源if (device != null){device.Deinitialize();device = null;}// 释放DirectX图像资源if (d3dImage != null){d3dImage.Deinitialize();d3dImage = null;}}/// <summary>/// 调整控件大小/// 在窗口大小改变时更新渲染区域/// </summary>public void Resize(){if (device == null || d3dImage == null || device.graphichsDevice == null)return;// 清理缓冲区和渲染表面d3dImage.ClearBackBufferAndSurface();// 更新设备尺寸device.graphichsDevice.OnSize(GetControlSize());device.graphichsDevice.Update();// 更新渲染表面d3dImage.UpdateSurface();}/// <summary>/// 获取控件当前尺寸/// </summary>/// <returns>控件尺寸</returns>private System.Drawing.Size GetControlSize(){Size rect = RenderSize;System.Drawing.Size rectInt = new System.Drawing.Size((int)rect.Width, (int)rect.Height);return rectInt;}/// <summary>/// 获取ODA logo作为默认背景/// 在未加载图纸时显示/// </summary>/// <returns>logo图像源</returns>private static BitmapSource GetOdaLogo(){BitmapSource bitmapSource;try{// 加载ODA logo资源System.Drawing.Bitmap bitmap = WpfViewDirectX.Properties.Resources.oda_logo;// 转换为WPF可用的图像源bitmapSource = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(bitmap.GetHbitmap(),IntPtr.Zero,System.Windows.Int32Rect.Empty,BitmapSizeOptions.FromWidthAndHeight(bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height));}catch (System.Exception ex){// 如果加载失败,返回空bitmapSource = null;}return bitmapSource;}/// <summary>/// 控件大小改变事件处理/// </summary>private void UserControl_SizeChanged(object sender, SizeChangedEventArgs e){// 重新调整渲染区域大小Resize();}}
}
Device.cs类
using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using Teigha.DatabaseServices;
using Teigha.GraphicsInterface;
using Teigha.GraphicsSystem;
using Teigha.Runtime;namespace WpfViewDirectX
{/// <summary>/// WPF视图设备类/// 负责管理CAD图形的渲染设备和布局/// </summary>public class WpfViewDevice{// 图形渲染设备,处理实际的绘图操作public Device graphichsDevice;// 布局辅助设备,处理模型空间和图纸空间的视图LayoutHelperDevice layoutHelperDevice;// 绘图控件引用Control drawControl;/// <summary>/// 构造函数/// </summary>public WpfViewDevice(){}/// <summary>/// 初始化视图设备/// </summary>/// <param name="drawControl">绘图控件实例</param>public void Initialize(Control drawControl){this.drawControl = drawControl;try{// 加载预定义的渲染模块(可以是"WinDirectX"或"WinOpenGL")GsModule gsModule = (GsModule)SystemObjects.DynamicLinker.LoadModule("WinDirectX.txv", false, true);// 创建图形设备graphichsDevice = gsModule.CreateDevice();// 创建或获取隐藏窗口,用于OdGsDevice在窗口上渲染模型IntPtr renderWindow = drawControl.GetHwndSourceOfHiddenWindowForRendering().Handle;// 设置设备属性using (Dictionary props = graphichsDevice.Properties){// 设置窗口句柄(DirectX设备必需)if (props.Contains("WindowHWND"))props.AtPut("WindowHWND", new RxVariant(renderWindow));// 启用双缓冲if (props.Contains("DoubleBufferEnabled"))props.AtPut("DoubleBufferEnabled", new RxVariant(true));// 启用背面剔除if (props.Contains("DiscardBackFaces"))props.AtPut("DiscardBackFaces", new RxVariant(true));// 在渲染器端启用场景图if (props.Contains("UseSceneGraph"))props.AtPut("UseSceneGraph", new RxVariant(true));// 启用视觉样式if (props.Contains("UseVisualStyles"))props.AtPut("UseVisualStyles", new RxVariant(true));}// 设置图纸空间视口或平铺using (ContextForDbDatabase ctx = new ContextForDbDatabase(drawControl.database)){// 启用图形系统模型ctx.UseGsModel = true;// 设置活动布局视图layoutHelperDevice = LayoutHelperDevice.SetupActiveLayoutViews(graphichsDevice, ctx);}// 设置调色板(使用深色主题)layoutHelperDevice.SetLogicalPalette(Device.DarkPalette);// 执行初始大小调整drawControl.Resize();}catch (System.Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());}}/// <summary>/// 释放设备资源/// 确保按正确的顺序释放资源/// </summary>public void Deinitialize(){// 首先释放布局辅助设备if (layoutHelperDevice != null){layoutHelperDevice.Dispose();layoutHelperDevice = null;}// 然后释放图形设备if (graphichsDevice != null){graphichsDevice.Dispose();graphichsDevice = null;}}}
}
MainWindow.xaml主界面代码
<Window x:Class="WpfViewDirectX.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:WpfViewDirectX="clr-namespace:WpfViewDirectX"Title="MainWindow" Height="360" Width="564" MouseWheel="Window_MouseWheel"><Grid x:Name="mainGrid"><Grid.RowDefinitions><RowDefinition Height="25" /><RowDefinition Height="100*" /></Grid.RowDefinitions><Menu x:Name = "MainMenu" Grid.Row="0"><MenuItem Header="_File"><MenuItem Header="_Open"/><MenuItem Header="_Save" IsEnabled="false" x:Name="MenuItemSave"/><MenuItem Header="_SaveAs" IsEnabled="false" x:Name="MenuItemSaveAs"/><MenuItem Header="_Exit"/></MenuItem></Menu><WpfViewDirectX:Controlx:Name="drawControl"Grid.Row="1"VerticalAlignment="Stretch"HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"/></Grid>
</Window>
MainWindow.xaml.cs后端代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using MenuItem = System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using System.Drawing;
using Teigha;
using Teigha.DatabaseServices;
using Teigha.GraphicsSystem;
using Teigha.Runtime;
using Teigha.GraphicsInterface;
using Teigha.Geometry;
namespace WpfViewDirectX
{
///
/// 主窗口类
/// 负责处理用户界面交互和CAD文件操作
///
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
// Teigha服务实例,提供CAD核心功能
Teigha.Runtime.Services services;
// CAD数据库,用于存储和管理图纸数据Database database = null;// 布局管理器,处理图纸布局LayoutManager lm;/// <summary>/// 构造函数/// 初始化窗口和CAD环境/// </summary>public MainWindow(){InitializeComponent();// 为所有菜单项添加点击事件处理foreach (MenuItem topLevelMenu in MainMenu.Items){foreach (MenuItem itemMenu in topLevelMenu.Items){itemMenu.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(MenuItem_Click);}}// 配置环境变量String strPath = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH");String strPathModules = ""; // System.Environment.CurrentDirectory;Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", strPathModules + ";" + strPath);// 初始化Teigha服务Teigha.Runtime.Services.odActivate(odActivate.UserInfo, odActivate.UserSignature);services = new Teigha.Runtime.Services();}/// <summary>/// 激活信息类/// 包含Teigha SDK的许可证信息/// </summary>internal class odActivate{// 用户信息(Base64编码)public const string UserInfo = "找我购买 微信:me1070202228";// 用户签名public const string UserSignature = "******找我购买 微信:me1070202228**************";}/// <summary>/// 窗口关闭时的清理工作/// </summary>protected override void OnClosing(System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e){// 释放绘图控件资源drawControl.Deinitialize();// 释放数据库资源if (database != null)database.Dispose();// 释放Teigha服务services.Dispose();}/// <summary>/// 打开CAD文件/// </summary>/// <param name="sFilePath">文件路径</param>private void fileOpen(String sFilePath){// 重新初始化绘图控件drawControl.Reinitialize();// 释放旧的数据库资源if (database != null)database.Dispose();// 清理布局管理器if (lm != null){lm.LayoutSwitched -= new Teigha.DatabaseServices.LayoutEventHandler(reinitGraphDevice);HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase = null;lm = null;}bool bLoaded = true;database = new Database(false, false);try{// 根据文件扩展名选择打开方式String sExt = sFilePath.Substring(sFilePath.Length - 4);sExt = sExt.ToUpper();if (sExt.EndsWith(".DWG")){// 打开DWG文件database.ReadDwgFile(sFilePath, FileOpenMode.OpenForReadAndAllShare, false, "");}else if (sExt.EndsWith(".DXF")){// 打开DXF文件database.DxfIn(sFilePath, "");}}catch (System.Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);bLoaded = false;}if (bLoaded){// 更新窗口标题this.Title = String.Format("WpfViewDirectXApp - [{0}]", sFilePath);// 初始化绘图控件drawControl.Initialize(database);}}/// <summary>/// 重新初始化图形设备/// 在布局切换时调用/// </summary>private void reinitGraphDevice(object sender, Teigha.DatabaseServices.LayoutEventArgs e){drawControl.Deinitialize();drawControl.Initialize(database);}/// <summary>/// 菜单项点击事件处理/// </summary>private void MenuItem_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){MenuItem mItem = e.Source as MenuItem;if (mItem.IsEnabled){String sHeader = mItem.Header as String;if ("_Open" == sHeader){// 处理打开文件HandleOpenFile(mItem);}else if ("_Exit" == sHeader){this.Close();}else if (database != null){// 处理保存相关操作HandleSaveOperations(sHeader);}}}/// <summary>/// 处理文件打开操作/// </summary>private void HandleOpenFile(MenuItem mItem){database = new Database(false, false);System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();openFileDialog.Filter = "dwg files|*.dwg|dxf files|*.dxf";openFileDialog.DefaultExt = "dwg";openFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true;if (System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK == openFileDialog.ShowDialog()){fileOpen(openFileDialog.FileName);MenuItem mPar = mItem.Parent as MenuItem;MenuItemSave.IsEnabled = true;MenuItemSaveAs.IsEnabled = true;}}/// <summary>/// 处理保存相关操作/// </summary>private void HandleSaveOperations(string sHeader){if ("_Save" == sHeader){// 直接保存if (database != null)database.Save();}else if ("_SaveAs" == sHeader){// 另存为操作HandleSaveAs();}}public static ObjectId ActiveViewPortId(Database database){if (database.TileMode){return database.CurrentViewportTableRecordId;}else{using (BlockTableRecord paperBTR = (BlockTableRecord)database.CurrentSpaceId.GetObject(OpenMode.ForRead)){using (Layout layout = (Layout)paperBTR.LayoutId.GetObject(OpenMode.ForRead)){return layout.CurrentViewportId;}}}}public void Dolly(View pView, int x, int y){// helper function transforming parameters from screen to world coordinatesVector3d vector = new Vector3d(-x, -y, 0.0);vector = vector.TransformBy((pView.ScreenMatrix * pView.ProjectionMatrix).Inverse());pView.Dolly(vector);}//Zoom In / Zoom Out functionalityprivate void Window_MouseWheel(object sender, MouseWheelEventArgs parameter){try{System.Windows.Point pointToWindow = Mouse.GetPosition(parameter.MouseDevice.Captured);int delta = (parameter as MouseWheelEventArgs).Delta;using (Transaction tr = database.TransactionManager.StartTransaction()){using (DBObject pVpObj = ActiveViewPortId(database).GetObject(OpenMode.ForWrite)){using (AbstractViewportData pAVD = new AbstractViewportData(pVpObj)){using (View pView = pAVD.GsView){// camera position in world coordinatesPoint3d positionCamera = pView.Position;// TransformBy() returns a transformed copypositionCamera = positionCamera.TransformBy(pView.WorldToDeviceMatrix);double vx = pointToWindow.X - positionCamera.X;double vy = pointToWindow.Y - positionCamera.Y;Dolly(pView, (int)-vx, (int)-vy);pView.Zoom(delta > 0 ? 1.0 / 0.9 : 0.9);Dolly(pView, (int)vx, (int)vy);pAVD.SetView(pView);}}}tr.Commit();}drawControl.Resize();}catch (System.Exception ex){MessageBox.Show("Error on Zoom: " + ex.Message, "Error");}}
} // class MainWindow
} // namespace WpfViewDirectX