由于近期公司项目不断有客户反馈文件下载速度太慢,之前一直以为是客户网络环境原因就没有太在意,直到有反馈说有线网络下载比wifi网络下载要慢很多,网络环境带宽网速等都没问题。详细对比测试后发现的确如此,wifi环境下载能达到10M/s以上,而有线网络下载反而只有3M/s。
最后通过查询资料和多番测试发现是系统tcp缓冲区大小配置问题。可通过proc/sys/net/ipv4/下的各配置文件查看。具体可参考proc/sys/net/ipv4/下各项的意义_技术港湾的技术博客_51CTO博客
我们主要关注/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_rmem和/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_wmem配置文件,决定了tcp收发数据缓冲区大小。以海思3798MV平台为例,并通过curl工具测试下载速度如下:
那么久可以通过修改配置文件来提高tcp缓冲区大小从而提高下载速度,测试如下:
echo "524288 1048576 2097152" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp rmem
echo "262144 524288 10485761" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp wmem
可以看到下载速度有明显的大幅提升。
关于tcp缓冲区大小默认值配置,可修改内核源码:kernel/linux3.18/net/ipv4/tcp.c中的tcp_init()函数。
static void __init tcp_init_mem(void)
{unsigned long limit = nr_free_buffer_pages() / 8;limit = max(limit, 128UL);sysctl_tcp_mem[0] = limit / 4 * 3;sysctl_tcp_mem[1] = limit;sysctl_tcp_mem[2] = sysctl_tcp_mem[0] * 2;
}void __init tcp_init(void)
{struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;unsigned long limit;int max_rshare, max_wshare, cnt;unsigned int i;BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct tcp_skb_cb) > sizeof(skb->cb));percpu_counter_init(&tcp_sockets_allocated, 0, GFP_KERNEL);percpu_counter_init(&tcp_orphan_count, 0, GFP_KERNEL);tcp_hashinfo.bind_bucket_cachep =kmem_cache_create("tcp_bind_bucket",sizeof(struct inet_bind_bucket), 0,SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);/* Size and allocate the main established and bind bucket* hash tables.** The methodology is similar to that of the buffer cache.*/tcp_hashinfo.ehash =alloc_large_system_hash("TCP established",sizeof(struct inet_ehash_bucket),thash_entries,17, /* one slot per 128 KB of memory */0,NULL,&tcp_hashinfo.ehash_mask,0,thash_entries ? 0 : 512 * 1024);for (i = 0; i <= tcp_hashinfo.ehash_mask; i++)INIT_HLIST_NULLS_HEAD(&tcp_hashinfo.ehash[i].chain, i);if (inet_ehash_locks_alloc(&tcp_hashinfo))panic("TCP: failed to alloc ehash_locks");tcp_hashinfo.bhash =alloc_large_system_hash("TCP bind",sizeof(struct inet_bind_hashbucket),tcp_hashinfo.ehash_mask + 1,17, /* one slot per 128 KB of memory */0,&tcp_hashinfo.bhash_size,NULL,0,64 * 1024);tcp_hashinfo.bhash_size = 1U << tcp_hashinfo.bhash_size;for (i = 0; i < tcp_hashinfo.bhash_size; i++) {spin_lock_init(&tcp_hashinfo.bhash[i].lock);INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&tcp_hashinfo.bhash[i].chain);}cnt = tcp_hashinfo.ehash_mask + 1;tcp_death_row.sysctl_max_tw_buckets = cnt / 2;sysctl_tcp_max_orphans = cnt / 2;sysctl_max_syn_backlog = max(128, cnt / 256);tcp_init_mem();/* Set per-socket limits to no more than 1/128 the pressure threshold */limit = nr_free_buffer_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT - 7);max_wshare = min(4UL*1024*1024, limit);max_rshare = min(6UL*1024*1024, limit);//tcp缓冲区默认值配置sysctl_tcp_wmem[0] = SK_MEM_QUANTUM;sysctl_tcp_wmem[1] = 16*1024;sysctl_tcp_wmem[2] = max(64*1024, max_wshare);sysctl_tcp_rmem[0] = SK_MEM_QUANTUM;sysctl_tcp_rmem[1] = 87380;sysctl_tcp_rmem[2] = max(87380, max_rshare);pr_info("Hash tables configured (established %u bind %u)\n",tcp_hashinfo.ehash_mask + 1, tcp_hashinfo.bhash_size);tcp_metrics_init();BUG_ON(tcp_register_congestion_control(&tcp_reno) != 0);tcp_tasklet_init();
}
注意:如果只是通过shell命令中途修改配置,在网络变化或者设备重启后就会恢复系统默认配置,所以想要永久改变配置还是要通过修改源码实现,或者在应用层每次开机或网络变化时修改一次。