Kubernetes集群 服务暴露 Nginx Ingress Controller
一、ingress控制器
1.1 ingress控制器作用
(类似于slb,做代理服务)
ingress controller可以为kubernetes 集群外用户访问Kubernetes集群内部pod提供代理服务。
- 提供全局访问代理
- 访问流程
- 用户–>ingress controller–>service–>pod
1.2 ingress控制器种类
1.2.1 Kubernetes Ingress Controller
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参考链接:http://github.com/nginxinc/kubernetes-ingress
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实现:Go/Lua(nginx 是用 C 写的)
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许可证:Apache 2.0
-
Kubernetes 的“官方”控制器(之所以称为官方,是想把它区别于 NGINX 公司的控制器)。这是社区开发的控制器,它基于 nginx Web 服务器,并补充了一组用于实现额外功能的 Lua 插件。
-
由于 NGINX 十分流行,再加上把它用作控制器时所需的修改较少,它对于 K8s 普通工程师来说,可能是最简单和最直接的选择。
1.2.2 NGINX Ingress Controller
-
参考链接:http://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx
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实现:Go
-
许可证:Apache 2.0
-
这是 NGINX 公司开发的官方产品,它也有一个基于 NGINX Plus 的商业版。NGINX 的控制器具有很高的稳定性、持续的向后兼容性,且没有任何第三方模块。
-
由于消除了 Lua 代码,和官方控制器相比,它保证了较高的速度,但也因此受到较大限制。相较之下,它的付费版本有更广泛的附加功能,如实时指标、JWT 验证、主动健康检查等。
-
NGINX Ingress 重要的优势是对 TCP/UDP 流量的全面支持,最主要缺点是缺乏流量分配功能。
1.2.3 Kong Ingress
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参考链接:http://github.com/Kong/kubernetes-ingress-controller
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实现:Go
-
许可证:Apache 2.0
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Kong Ingress 由 Kong Inc 开发,有两个版本:商业版和免费版。它基于 NGINX 构建,并增加了扩展其功能的 Lua 模块。
-
最初,Kong Ingress 主要用作 API 网关,用于 API 请求的处理和路由。现在,它已经成为成熟的 Ingress 控制器,主要优点是拥有大量易于安装和配置的附加模块、插件(包括第三方插件)。它开启了控制器具备大量附加功能的先河,其内置函数也提供了许多可能性。Kong Ingress 配置是用 CRD 执行的。
-
Kong Ingress 的一个重要特性是它只能在一个环境中运行(而不支持跨命名空间)。这是一个颇有争议的话题:有些人认为这是一个缺点,因为必须为每个环境生成实例;而另一些人认为这是一个特殊特性,因为它是更高级别的隔离,控制器故障的影响仅限于其所在的环境。
1.2.4 Traefik
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参考链接:http://github.com/containous/traefik
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实现:Go
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许可证:MIT
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最初,这个代理是为微服务请求及其动态环境的路由而创建的,因此具有许多有用的功能:连续更新配置(不重新启动)、支持多种负载均衡算法、Web UI、指标导出、对各种服务的支持协议、REST API、Canary 版本等。
-
支持开箱即用的 Let’s Encrypt 是它的另一个不错的功能,但它的主要缺点也很明显,就是为了控制器的高可用性,必须安装并连接其 Key-value store。
-
在 2019 年 9 月发布的 Traefik v2.0 中,虽然它增加许多不错的新功能,如带有 SNI 的 TCP/SSL、金丝雀部署、流量镜像/shadowing 和经过改进的 Web UI,但一些功能(如 WAF 支持)还在策划讨论中。
-
与新版本同期推出的还有一个名叫 Mesh 的服务网格,它建在 Traefik 之上,对kubernetes内部服务访问做到受控及被监控。
1.2.5 HAProxy Ingress
-
参考链接:http://github.com/jcmoraisjr/haproxy-ingress
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实现:Go(HAProxy 是用 C 写的)
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许可证:Apache 2.0
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HAProxy 是众所周知的代理服务器和负载均衡器。作为 Kubernetes 集群的一部分,它提供了“软”配置更新(无流量损失)、基于 DNS 的服务发现和通过 API 进行动态配置。 HAProxy 还支持完全自定义配置文件模板(通过替换 ConfigMap)以及在其中使用 Spring Boot 函数。
-
通常,工程师会把重点放在已消耗资源的高速、优化和效率上。而 HAProxy 的优点之一正是支持大量负载均衡算法。值得一提的是,在2020年 6 月发布的 v2.0 中,HAProxy 增加了许多新功能,其即将推出的 v2.1 有望带来更多新功能(包括 OpenTracing 支持)。
1.2.6 Voyager
-
参考链接:http://github.com/appscode/voyager
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实现:Go
-
许可证:Apache 2.0
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Voyager 基于 HAProxy,并作为一个通用的解决方案提供给大量供应商。它最具代表性的功能包括 L7 和 L4 上的流量负载均衡,其中,TCP L4 流量负载均衡称得上是该解决方案最关键的功能之一。
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在2020年早些时候,尽管 Voyager 在 v9.0.0 中推出了对 HTTP/2 和 gRPC 协议的全面支持,但总的来看,对证书管理(Let’s Encrypt 证书)的支持仍是 Voyager 集成的最突出的新功能。
1.2.7 Contour
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参考链接:http://github.com/heptio/contour
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实现:Go
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许可证:Apache 2.0
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Contour 和 Envoy 由同一个作者开发,它基于 Envoy。它最特别的功能是可以通过 CRD(IngressRoute)管理 Ingress 资源,对于多团队需要同时使用一个集群的组织来说,这有助于保护相邻环境中的流量,使它们免受 Ingress 资源更改的影响。
-
它还提供了一组扩展的负载均衡算法(镜像、自动重复、限制请求率等),以及详细的流量和故障监控。对某些工程师而言,它不支持粘滞会话可能是一个严重缺陷。
1.2.8 Istio Ingress
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参考链接:http://istio.io/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress
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实现:Go
-
许可证:Apache 2.0
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Istio 是 IBM、Google 和 Lyft 的联合开发项目,它是一个全面的服务网格解决方案——不仅可以管理所有传入的外部流量(作为 Ingress 控制器),还可以控制集群内部的所有流量。
-
Istio 将 Envoy 用作每种服务的辅助代理。从本质上讲,它是一个可以执行几乎所有操作的大型处理器,其中心思想是最大程度的控制、可扩展性、安全性和透明性。
-
通过 Istio Ingress,可以对流量路由、服务之间的访问授权、均衡、监控、金丝雀发布等进行优化。
1.2.9 Ambassador
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参考链接:http://github.com/datawire/ambassador
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实现:Python
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许可证:Apache 2.0
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Ambassador 也是一个基于 Envoy 的解决方案,它有免费版和商业版两个版本。
-
Ambassador 被称为“Kubernetes 原生 API 微服务网关”,它与 K8s 原语紧密集成,拥有所期望的从 Ingress controller 获得的功能包,它还可以与各种服务网格解决方案,如 Linkerd、Istio 等一起使用。
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顺便提一下,Ambassador 博客日前发布了一份基准测试结果,比较了 Envoy、HAProxy 和 NGINX 的基础性能。
1.2.10 Gloo
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参考链接:http://github.com/solo-io/gloo
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实现:Go
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许可证:Apache 2.0
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Gloo 是在 Envoy 之上构建的新软件(于 2018 年 3 月发布),由于它的作者坚持认为“网关应该从功能而不是服务中构建 API”,它也被称为“功能网关”。其“功能级路由”的意思是它可以为后端实现是微服务、无服务器功能和遗留应用的混合应用路由流量。
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由于拥有可插拔的体系结构,Gloo 提供了工程师期望的大部分功能,但是其中一些功能仅在其商业版本(Gloo Enterprise)中可用。
1.2.11 Skipper
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参考链接:http://github.com/zalando/skipper
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实现:Go
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许可证:Apache 2.0
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Skipper 是 HTTP 路由器和反向代理,因此不支持各种协议。从技术上讲,它使用 Endpoints API(而不是 Kubernetes Services)将流量路由到 Pod。它的优点在于其丰富的过滤器集所提供的高级 HTTP 路由功能,工程师可以借此创建、更新和删除所有 HTTP 数据。
-
Skipper 的路由规则可以在不停机的情况下更新。正如它的作者所述,Skipper 可以很好地与其他解决方案一起使用,比如 AWS ELB。
nginx_ingress_controller_246">二、nginx ingress controller
nginx_ingress_controller_248">2.1 nginx ingress controller位置
- 参考链接:https://www.nginx.com/products/nginx/kubernetes-ingress-controller
nginx_ingress_controller_252">2.2 nginx ingress controller部署
- 项目地址:https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx
2.2.1 下载并修改配置文件
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# curl -k https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/main/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/deploy.yaml -o deploy.yaml
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ls
deploy.yaml
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim deploy.yaml
......
323 spec:
324 ports:
325 - appProtocol: http
326 name: http
327 port: 80
328 protocol: TCP
329 targetPort: http
330 - appProtocol: https
331 name: https
332 port: 443
333 protocol: TCP
334 targetPort: https
335 selector:
336 app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
337 app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
338 app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
339 type: NodePort把339行修改为LoadBalancer
323 spec:
324 ports:
325 - appProtocol: http
326 name: http
327 port: 80
328 protocol: TCP
329 targetPort: http
330 - appProtocol: https
331 name: https
332 port: 443
333 protocol: TCP
334 targetPort: https
335 selector:
336 app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
337 app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
338 app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
339 type: LoadBalancer
2.2.2 应用资源清单文件
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
namespace/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx-admission created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
configmap/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission created
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch created
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io/nginx created
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
2.2.3 验证部署结果
注意镜像较大,可提前下载至集群node节点
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-xdpgp 0/1 Completed 0 91s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-lgnxs 0/1 Completed 1 91s
ingress-nginx-controller-9596689c-j9p9l 1/1 Running 0 91s
[root@k8s-master1 ng]# kubectl get all -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/ingress-nginx-admission-create-xdpgp 0/1 Completed 0 3m24s
pod/ingress-nginx-admission-patch-lgnxs 0/1 Completed 1 3m24s
pod/ingress-nginx-controller-9596689c-j9p9l 1/1 Running 0 3m24sNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/ingress-nginx-controller LoadBalancer 10.96.183.188 192.168.10.91 80:32369/TCP,443:31775/TCP 3m25s
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.96.212.14 <none> 443/TCP 3m25sNAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller 1/1 1 1 3m24sNAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
replicaset.apps/ingress-nginx-controller-9596689c 1 1 1 3m24sNAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create 1/1 2s 3m24s
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch 1/1 3s 3m24s
2.3 ingress对象应用案例
2.3 1 ingress-http案例
基于名称的负载均衡
2.3.1.1 创建deployment控制器类型应用
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim nginx.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginxnamespace: ingress-nginx
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: nginxtemplate:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:containers:- name: c1image: nginx:1.15-alpineimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
应用YAML
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f nginx.yml
deployment.extensions/nginx created
验证pod
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-79654d7b8-nhxpm 1/1 Running 0 12s
nginx-79654d7b8-tp8wg 1/1 Running 0 13s
nginx-ingress-controller-77db54fc46-kwwkt 1/1 Running 0 11m
2.3.1.2 创建service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim nginx-service.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: nginx-servicenamespace: ingress-nginxlabels:app: nginx
spec:ports:- port: 80targetPort: 80selector:app: nginx
应用YAML
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yml
service/nginx-service created
验证service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
nginx-service ClusterIP 10.2.115.144 <none> 80/TCP 5s
2.3.1.3 创建ingress对象
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim ingress-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:name: ingress-nginx #自定义ingress名称namespace: ingress-nginxannotations:ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
spec:rules:- host: www.kubemsb.com # 自定义域名http:paths:- pathType: Prefixpath: "/"backend:service:name: nginx-service # 对应上面创建的service名称port:number: 80
应用YAML
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx.yaml
ingress.extensions/ingress-nginx created
验证ingress
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get ingress -n ingress-nginx
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-nginx <none> www.kubemsb.com 192.168.10.12 80 113s
描述查看ingress信息
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl describe ingress ingress-nginx -n ingress-nginx
Name: ingress-nginx
Namespace: ingress-nginx
Address: 192.168.10.12
Default backend: default-http-backend:80 (<error: endpoints "default-http-backend" not found>)
Rules:Host Path Backends---- ---- --------www.kubemsb.com/ nginx-service:80 (10.244.159.160:80,10.244.194.110:80)
Annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
Events:Type Reason Age From Message---- ------ ---- ---- -------Normal Sync 2m (x2 over 2m56s) nginx-ingress-controller Scheduled for sync
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATESnginx-646d5c7b67-mpw9r 1/1 Running 0 4m15s 10.244.194.110 k8s-worker1 <none> <none>
nginx-646d5c7b67-v99gz 1/1 Running 0 4m15s 10.244.159.160 k8s-master1 <none> <none>
可以看到两个pod的IP正好对应ingress域名对应的IP
确认nginx-ingress-controller
的podIP为192.168.10.91
2.3.1.4 模拟客户端访问
1, 确认nginx-ingress-controller
的podIP, 下面命令查询的结果为192.168.10.91
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx |grep ingress
ingress-nginx-controller LoadBalancer 10.96.183.188 192.168.10.91 80:32369/TCP,443:31775/TCP 11m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.96.212.14 <none> 443/TCP 11m
2, 在集群之外任一主机中添加上述域名与IP地址解析(模拟公网DNS)
[root@otherhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts192.168.10.91 www.kubemsb.com
3, 准备pod内容器运行的web主页
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
nginx-646d5c7b67-mpw9r 1/1 Running 0 8m34s
nginx-646d5c7b67-v99gz 1/1 Running 0 8m34s[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-646d5c7b67-mpw9r -n ingress-nginx -- /bin/sh
/ # echo "ingress web1" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/ # exit[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-646d5c7b67-v99gz -n ingress-nginx -- /bin/sh
/ # echo "ingress web2" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/ # exit
4, 访问及结果展示
[root@otherhost ~]# curl www.kubemsb.com
ingress web1
[root@otherhost ~]# curl www.kubemsb.com
ingress web2
2.3.2 ingress-http案例扩展
基于URI的负载均衡
2.3.2.1 创建第一个应用
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim nginx-uri-1.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx-uri-1namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: nginx-uri-1template:metadata:labels:app: nginx-uri-1spec:containers:- name: c1image: nginx:1.15-alpineimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim nginx-service-uri-1.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: nginx-service-uri-1namespace: ingress-nginxlabels:app: nginx-uri-1
spec:ports:- port: 80targetPort: 80selector:app: nginx-uri-1
# kubectl apply -f nginx-uri-1.yaml
# kubectl apply -f nginx-service-uri-1.yaml
2.3.2.2 创建第二个应用
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim nginx-uri-2.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx-uri-2namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: nginx-uri-2template:metadata:labels:app: nginx-uri-2spec:containers:- name: c1image: nginx:1.15-alpineimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim nginx-service-uri-2.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: nginx-service-uri-2namespace: ingress-nginxlabels:app: nginx-uri-2
spec:ports:- port: 80targetPort: 80selector:app: nginx-uri-2
# kubectl apply -f nginx-uri-2.yaml
# kubectl apply -f nginx-service-uri-2.yaml
# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGEnginx-service-uri-1 ClusterIP 10.96.171.135 <none> 80/TCP 7m24s
nginx-service-uri-2 ClusterIP 10.96.234.164 <none> 80/TCP 4m11s
2.3.2.3 创建ingress对象
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim ingress-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:name: ingress-urinamespace: ingress-nginxannotations:ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
spec:rules:- host: www.kubemsburi.comhttp:paths:- path: /svc1pathType: Prefixbackend:service:name: nginx-service-uri-1port:number: 80- path: /svc2pathType: Prefixbackend:service:name: nginx-service-uri-2port:number: 80
应用YAML
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx-uri.yaml
ingress.networking.k8s.io/ingress-uri created
验证ingress
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get ingress -n ingress-nginx
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-uri <none> www.kubemsburi.com 80 13s
描述查看ingress信息
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl describe ingress ingress-uri -n ingress-nginx
Name: ingress-uri
Namespace: ingress-nginx
Address: 192.168.10.12
Default backend: default-http-backend:80 (<error: endpoints "default-http-backend" not found>)
Rules:Host Path Backends---- ---- --------www.kubemsburi.com/svc1 nginx-service-uri-1:80 (10.244.159.158:80,10.244.194.111:80)/svc2 nginx-service-uri-2:80 (10.244.159.159:80,10.244.194.112:80)
Annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
Events:Type Reason Age From Message---- ------ ---- ---- -------Normal Sync 4s (x2 over 32s) nginx-ingress-controller Scheduled for sync
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATESnginx-uri-1-7d7d75f86-dws96 1/1 Running 0 14m 10.244.159.158 k8s-master1 <none> <none>
nginx-uri-1-7d7d75f86-s8js4 1/1 Running 0 14m 10.244.194.111 k8s-worker1 <none> <none>
nginx-uri-2-7cdf7f89b7-8s4mg 1/1 Running 0 10m 10.244.194.112 k8s-worker1 <none> <none>
nginx-uri-2-7cdf7f89b7-gj8x6 1/1 Running 0 10m 10.244.159.159 k8s-master1 <none> <none>
确认nginx-ingress-controller
的podIP为192.168.10.91
2.3.1.4 模拟客户端访问
1, 确认nginx-ingress-controller
的podIP, 下面命令查询的结果为192.168.10.91
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx |grep ingress
ingress-nginx-controller LoadBalancer 10.96.183.188 192.168.10.91 80:32369/TCP,443:31775/TCP 11m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.96.212.14 <none> 443/TCP 11m
2, 在集群之外任一主机中添加上述域名与IP地址解析(模拟公网DNS)
[root@otherhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts192.168.10.91 www.kubemsburi.com
3, 准备pod内容器运行的web主页
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-uri-1-7d7d75f86-dws96 -n ingress-nginx -- /bin/sh
/ # mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/svc1
/ # echo "sssvc1" > /usr/share/nginx/html/svc1/index.html
/ # exit
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-uri-1-7d7d75f86-s8js4 -n ingress-nginx -- /bin/sh
/ # mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/svc1
/ # echo "sssvc1" > /usr/share/nginx/html/svc1/index.html
/ # exit
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-uri-2-7cdf7f89b7-8s4mg -n ingress-nginx -- /bin/sh
/ # mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/svc2
/ # echo "sssvc2" > /usr/share/nginx/html/svc1/index.html
/ # exit
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-uri-2-7cdf7f89b7-gj8x6 -n ingress-nginx -- /bin/sh
/ # mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/svc2
/ # echo "sssvc2" > /usr/share/nginx/html/svc1/index.html
/ # exit
4, 访问及结果展示
[root@otherhost ~]# curl www.kubemsburi.com/svc1/index.html
sssvc1
[root@otherhost ~]# curl www.kubemsburi.com/svc2/index.html
sssvc2
2.3.3 ingress-https案例
2.3.3.1 创建自签证书
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir ingress-https
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd ingress-https/
[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 2048
[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# openssl req -new -x509 -key nginx.key -out nginx.pem -days 365
......
......
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:GD
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:SZ
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:IT
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:it
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:kubemsbhost
Email Address []:admin@kubemsbhost.com[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# ls
nginx.key nginx.pem
2.3.3.2 将证书创建成secret
[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# kubectl create secret tls nginx-tls-secret --cert=nginx.pem --key=nginx.key -n ingress-nginx
secret/nginx-tls-secret created[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# kubectl get secrets -n ingress-nginx |grep nginx-tls-secret
nginx-tls-secret kubernetes.io/tls 2 38s
2.3.3.3 编排YAML并创建
[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# vim ingress-https.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx2namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: nginx2template:metadata:labels:app: nginx2spec:containers:- name: c1image: nginx:1.15-alpineimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresentports:- name: httpcontainerPort: 80- name: httpscontainerPort: 443
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: nginx-service2namespace: ingress-nginxlabels:app: nginx2
spec:ports:- name: httpport: 80targetPort: 80- name: httpsport: 443targetPort: 443selector:app: nginx2
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:name: ingress-nginx2namespace: ingress-nginxannotations:ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
spec:tls:- hosts:- www.kubemsbhost.com # 域名secretName: nginx-tls-secret # 调用前面创建的secretrules:- host: www.kubemsbhost.com # 域名http:paths:- pathType: Prefixpath: "/"backend:service:name: nginx-service2 # 对应服务名port:number: 80
[root@k8s-master1 ingress-https]# kubectl apply -f ingress-https.yml
deployment.apps/nginx2 created
service/nginx-service2 created
ingress.extensions/ingress-nginx2 created
验证
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get ingress -n ingress-nginx
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-nginx2 <none> www.kubemsbhost.com 192.168.10.12 80, 443 2m14s
2.3.3.4 模拟客户端访问
[root@otherhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts192.168.10.91 www.kubemsbhost.com 添加这行模拟DNS[root@otherhost ~]# firefox https://www.kubemsbhost.com &
[1] 10892
关于可信任证书的说明:
如果需要在互联网中访问kubernetes集群中的服务是可信的,建议使用互联网中申请的SSL证书。
2.3.4 ingress+nodeport服务
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim ingress-nodeport.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx3namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: nginx3template:metadata:labels:app: nginx3spec:containers:- name: c1image: nginx:1.15-alpineimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: nginx-service3namespace: ingress-nginxlabels:app: nginx3
spec:type: NodePort # NodePort类型服务ports:- port: 80targetPort: 80selector:app: nginx3
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:name: ingress-nginx3namespace: ingress-nginxannotations:ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
spec:rules:- host: www.kubemsb3.com # 域名http:paths:- pathType: Prefixpath: "/"backend:service:name: nginx-service3 # 对应服务名port:number: 80
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f ingress-nodeport.yml
root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
nginx-service ClusterIP 10.2.115.144 <none> 80/TCP 22h
nginx-service2 ClusterIP 10.2.237.70 <none> 80/TCP,443/TCP 22h
nginx-service3 NodePort 10.2.75.250 <none> 80:26765/TCP 3m51s
nginx-service3是nodeport类型
[root@otherhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts192.168.10.91 www.kubemsb3.com 添加这行模拟DNS[root@otherhost ~]# curl www.kubemsb3.com