欢迎随时回家——python制作一个火车票抢票版本（附完整代码，仅供学习参考）

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今天教大家用Python制作一个12306查票程序脚本（仅供学习参考）

有什么python相关报错解答自己不会的、或者源码资料/模块安装/~~女装大佬精通技巧~~ 都可以来这里：（https://jq.qq.com/?_wv=1027&k=2Q3YTfym）或者+V：python10010问我（文末就有）

在这里插入图片描述

首先，先导入本次所需的模块

import requests
import pandas as pdimport json

请求数据

找到数据来源

url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query'
data = {'leftTicketDTO.train_date': train_date,'leftTicketDTO.from_station': city_json[from_station],'leftTicketDTO.to_station': city_json[to_station],'purpose_codes': 'ADULT',
}
headers = {'Cookie': '_uab_collina=163108019860709243490927; JSESSIONID=3A879F34238B594124705B10D7C0B0E6; BIGipServerotn=3956736266.64545.0000; guidesStatus=off; highContrastMode=defaltMode; cursorStatus=off; BIGipServerpassport=870842634.50215.0000; RAIL_EXPIRATION=1631354049020; RAIL_DEVICEID=jY49UGp1PWZZ0cY6CWj2wmKFDH60qsPXbu7L4D2DjNDJSM4sbqZmmlUm62-6L3k9SNtBAUgBPn7Rh1-FAxka97-nHNpT3QIh5YIXtw3mGao0mjLNkIv2ayvwqxWyFhdbos5_ziUA3XVil7awDZ0EjzKBAWdl22Hu; route=495c805987d0f5c8c84b14f60212447d; _jc_save_fromStation=%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ; _jc_save_fromDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_toDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_wfdc_flag=dc; _jc_save_toStation=%u5CB3%u9633%u4E1C%2CYIQ',# 'Host': 'kyfw.12306.cn',# 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc&fs=%E9%95%BF%E6%B2%99,CSQ&ts=%E5%B2%B3%E9%98%B3%E4%B8%9C,YIQ&date=2021-09-08&flag=N,N,Y','User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'
}
response = requests.get(url=url, params=data, headers=headers)

自动识别编码

response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding

数据解析取值

    for index in result:# requests.utils.unquote(index)index_list = index.replace('有', 'Yes').replace('无', 'No').split('|')# print(index_list)train_number = index_list[3]  # 车次if 'G' in train_number:time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间prince_seat = index_list[32]  # 特等座first_class_seat = index_list[31]  # 一等座second_class = index_list[30]  # 二等座dit = {'Num': train_number,'Start': time_1,'End': time_2,'Top': prince_seat,'First': prince_seat,'Second': second_class,'Yz': '-','Wz': '-','Rw': '-','Yw': '-',}else:time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间hard_seat = index_list[29]  # 硬座no_seat = index_list[26]  # 无座soft_sleeper = index_list[23]  # 软卧hard_sleeper = index_list[28]  # 硬卧dit = {'Num': train_number,'Start': time_1,'End': time_2,'Top': '-','First': '-','Second': '-','Yz': hard_seat,'Wz': no_seat,'Rw': soft_sleeper,'Yw': hard_sleeper,}lis.append(dit)content = pd.DataFrame(lis)print(content)

实现查询一座城市车次数据
请添加图片描述

实现全国车次查询

f = open('city.json', mode='r', encoding='utf-8')
text = f.read()
city_json = json.loads(text)
while True:from_station = input('请输入你出发的城市： ')to_station = input('请输入你达到的城市： ')train_date = input('请输入乘车时间(2021-09-08/年-月-日)：')

再次查询/退出

again = input('是否继续查询(Y/N): ')
if again == 'Y' or again == 'y':continue
else:break

完整代码

python学习交流群：660193417###
import requests
import pandas as pdimport jsonf = open('city.json', mode='r', encoding='utf-8')
text = f.read()
city_json = json.loads(text)
while True:from_station = input('请输入你出发的城市： ')to_station = input('请输入你达到的城市： ')train_date = input('请输入乘车时间(2021-09-08/年-月-日)：')url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query'data = {'leftTicketDTO.train_date': train_date,'leftTicketDTO.from_station': city_json[from_station],'leftTicketDTO.to_station': city_json[to_station],'purpose_codes': 'ADULT',}headers = {'Cookie': '_uab_collina=163108019860709243490927; JSESSIONID=3A879F34238B594124705B10D7C0B0E6; BIGipServerotn=3956736266.64545.0000; guidesStatus=off; highContrastMode=defaltMode; cursorStatus=off; BIGipServerpassport=870842634.50215.0000; RAIL_EXPIRATION=1631354049020; RAIL_DEVICEID=jY49UGp1PWZZ0cY6CWj2wmKFDH60qsPXbu7L4D2DjNDJSM4sbqZmmlUm62-6L3k9SNtBAUgBPn7Rh1-FAxka97-nHNpT3QIh5YIXtw3mGao0mjLNkIv2ayvwqxWyFhdbos5_ziUA3XVil7awDZ0EjzKBAWdl22Hu; route=495c805987d0f5c8c84b14f60212447d; _jc_save_fromStation=%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ; _jc_save_fromDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_toDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_wfdc_flag=dc; _jc_save_toStation=%u5CB3%u9633%u4E1C%2CYIQ',# 'Host': 'kyfw.12306.cn',# 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc&fs=%E9%95%BF%E6%B2%99,CSQ&ts=%E5%B2%B3%E9%98%B3%E4%B8%9C,YIQ&date=2021-09-08&flag=N,N,Y','User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'}response = requests.get(url=url, params=data, headers=headers)response.encoding = response.apparent_encodingresult = response.json()['data']['result']lis = []for index in result:# requests.utils.unquote(index)index_list = index.replace('有', 'Yes').replace('无', 'No').split('|')# print(index_list)train_number = index_list[3]  # 车次if 'G' in train_number:time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间prince_seat = index_list[32]  # 特等座first_class_seat = index_list[31]  # 一等座second_class = index_list[30]  # 二等座dit = {'Num': train_number,'Start': time_1,'End': time_2,'Top': prince_seat,'First': prince_seat,'Second': second_class,'Yz': '-','Wz': '-','Rw': '-','Yw': '-',}else:time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间hard_seat = index_list[29]  # 硬座no_seat = index_list[26]  # 无座soft_sleeper = index_list[23]  # 软卧hard_sleeper = index_list[28]  # 硬卧dit = {'Num': train_number,'Start': time_1,'End': time_2,'Top': '-','First': '-','Second': '-','Yz': hard_seat,'Wz': no_seat,'Rw': soft_sleeper,'Yw': hard_sleeper,}lis.append(dit)pd.set_option('display.max_rows', None)content = pd.DataFrame(lis)print(content)again = input('是否继续查询(Y/N): ')if again == 'Y' or again == 'y':continueelse:break