mysql主备 + vip的高可用架构

适用场景

初始化mysql集群主备，双库均为空库

mysql基本配置

# 准备目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql/conf.d
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data# 准备配置文件
/data/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf# 主库：
[mysqld]
## 设置server_id，一般设置为IP，同一局域网内注意要唯一
server_id=100  
## 复制过滤：也就是指定哪个数据库不用同步（mysql库一般不同步）
binlog-ignore-db=mysql  
## 开启二进制日志功能
log-bin=edu-mysql-bin  
## 为每个session 分配的内存，在事务过程中用来存储二进制日志的缓存
binlog_cache_size=1M  
## 主从复制的格式（mixed,statement,row，默认格式是statement）
binlog_format=mixed  
## 二进制日志自动删除/过期的秒数。
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=604800
## 跳过主从复制中遇到的所有错误或指定类型的错误，避免slave端复制中断。
## 如：1062错误是指一些主键重复，1032错误是因为主从数据库数据不一致
replica_skip_errors=1062
max_connections=50000# 备库：
[mysqld]
server_id=101  
## 复制过滤：也就是指定哪个数据库不用同步（mysql库一般不同步）
binlog-ignore-db=mysql  
## 开启二进制日志功能，以备Slave作为其它Slave的Master时使用
log-bin=edu-mysql-slave1-bin  
# 为每个session 分配的内存，在事务过程中用来存储二进制日志的缓存
binlog_cache_size=1M  
## 主从复制的格式（mixed,statement,row，默认格式是statement）
binlog_format=mixed  
## 二进制日志自动删除/过期的秒数。
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=604800
## 跳过主从复制中遇到的所有错误或指定类型的错误，避免slave端复制中断。
## 如：1062错误是指一些主键重复，1032错误是因为主从数据库数据不一致
replica_skip_errors=1062  
## relay_log配置中继日志
relay_log=edu-mysql-relay-bin  
## log_slave_updates表示slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
log_replica_updates=1  
## 防止改变数据(除了特殊的线程)
read_only=1
super_read_only=1
max_connections=50000

docker启动mysql

docker run --privileged -u 0 -d --name mysql --network host --restart always  -v /data/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /data/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=xxxx -e TZ=Asia/Shanghai mysql:8.0.28

mysql主备配置

主库配置：

CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lulu2022';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';   
flush privileges;

主库上获取master状态，部分信息用于下面初始化从库：

show master status;
| File                   | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
|------------------------|----------|--------------|------------------|-------------------|
| 'edu-mysql-bin.000004' | '704'    | ''           | 'mysql'          | ''                |

从库配置：这里master_log_file和master_log_pos就是从上面读的：

设置主库信息：
change master to master_host='master-ip', master_user='slave', master_password='lulu2022', master_port=3306, master_log_file='edu-mysql-bin.000004', master_log_pos=704, master_connect_retry=30, GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY=1 ;  启动主备：
start slave;

验证从库是否正常：show slave status \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.131.141
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-a-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1545
Relay_Log_File: linux001-relay-bin.000010
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-a-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1545
Relay_Log_Space: 696
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: bc1e2413-b8d5-11ec-a822-000c299e074d
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)ERROR:
No query specified1、看slave是否正常进行：
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Seconds_Behind_Master: 02、看salve内容是否正确
Master_Log_File: master-a-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1545
Relay_Log_File: linux001-relay-bin.000010

keepalived vip配置

check脚本： /etc/keepalived/check.sh，master和node都一样

#!/bin/sh
if [ $(ps -C mysqld --no-header | wc -l) -eq 0 ]; thenecho mysql stopedexit 1
elseexit 0
fi

主库keepalived配置：

! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {router_id LVS_DEVELscript_user rootenable_script_security}vrrp_script chk_mysql {script "/etc/keepalived/check.sh"weight -10interval 2fall 3rise 2
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTERinterface eth0virtual_router_id 111priority 101advert_int 1mcast_src_ip main-node-ipauthentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}virtual_ipaddress {mysql-sluster-vip}track_script {chk_mysql}}

备库keepalived配置：

! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {router_id LVS_DEVELscript_user rootenable_script_security}vrrp_script chk_mysql {script "/etc/keepalived/check.sh"weight -10interval 2fall 3rise 2}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUPinterface eth0virtual_router_id 111priority 100advert_int 1mcast_src_ip slave-node-ipauthentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}track_script {chk_mysql}virtual_ipaddress {mysql-sluster-vip}}