模块: 商品模块, 订单模块, 用户模块

一. 1. 技术选型以及准备工作

maven : 3.8.8版本

数据库: MySQL 8.0.32

持久层: springData , jpa

其他java环境 : SpringCloud Alibaba 技术栈

2. 模块设计

springcloud- alibaba 父工程

shop - common 公共模块 [ 实体类 ]

shop - user 用户服务 [ 端口号: 807x ]

shop - product 商品微服务 [ 端口: 808x ]

shop - order 订单微服务 [ 端口: 809 x]

简单架构如下图:

3. 微服务实现简单介绍

在微服务架构中,最常见的场景就是微服务之间的相互调用.在电商系统重常见的用户下单来掩饰微服务之间的调用, 客户想订单微服务发起一个下单的请求 , 在尽心保存订单之前需要调用商品微服务查询商品信息

主动调用: 服务消费者被动调用: 服务提供者

二 . 1. 创建父工程项目(记得查看版本)

相对应的maven依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version></parent><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>pom</packaging><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency>
<!--                版本对应：-->
<!--                2.3 创建基础模块-->
<!--                1 创建 shop-common 模块，在pom.xml中添加依赖--><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement></project>

三 . 1. 创建公共基础模块 shop- common

导入相对应的pom.xml ,

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-common</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.76</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.32</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

如图所示:

在shop-common中新建com. example. server. pojo包

创建实体类user

package com.example.server.pojo;import lombok.Data;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;@Entity(name = "shop-user")
@Data
public class User {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Integer uid;//主键private String username;//用户名private String password;//密码private String telephone;//手机号
}

创建实体类Product

package com.example.server.pojo;import lombok.Data;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;//商品
@Entity(name = "shop_product")
@Data
public class Product {@Id// 注解存在的意义主要就是为一个实体生成一个唯一标识的主键、@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Integer pid;//主键private String pname;//商品名称private Double pprice;//商品价格private Integer stock;//库存
}

创建实体类 Order

package com.example.server.pojo;import lombok.Data;import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;//订单
@Entity(name = "shop_order")
@Data
public class Order {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long oid;//订单idprivate Integer uid;//用户idprivate String username;//用户名private Integer pid;//商品idprivate String pname;//商品名称private Double pprice;//商品单价private Integer number;//购买数量
}

四. 搭建用户微服务模块shop-user

步骤: 1 创建模块导入依赖

目录结构:

2 创建SpringBoot主类

package com.example;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class ShopUserApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ShopUserApplication.class, args);}}

3 加入配置文件

4 创建必要的接口和实现类(controller service dao) 新建一个 shop-user 模块，然后进行下面操作 1 创建pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-user</artifactId><dependencies><dependency><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><artifactId>shop-common</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

5. 创建配置文件 application.yml

server:port: 8071
spring:application:name: service-productdatasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql:///shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=trueusername: rootpassword: rootjpa:properties:hibernate:hbm2ddl:auto: updatedialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

五. 搭建商品微服务模块 shop-product

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-product</artifactId><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><artifactId>shop-common</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

编写主类 springboot执行类

package com.example;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class ShopProductApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ShopProductApplication.class, args);}}

创建配置文件application.yml

server:port: 8081
spring:application:name: service-productdatasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql:///springcloud_shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=trueusername: rootpassword: 123456jpa:properties:hibernate:hbm2ddl:auto: updatedialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

创建在com.example. productDao接口

package com.example.dao;import com.example.server.pojo.Product;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product,Integer> {
}

创建ProductService接口和实现类

ProductService

package com.example.service;import com.example.server.pojo.Product;public interface ProductService {Product findByPid(Integer pid);
}

ProductServiceimpl

package com.example.service.impl;import com.example.dao.ProductDao;
import com.example.server.pojo.Product;
import com.example.service.ProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {@Autowiredprivate ProductDao productDao;@Overridepublic Product findByPid(Integer pid) {return productDao.findById(pid).get();}
}

创建Controller

package com.example.controller;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.example.server.pojo.Product;
import com.example.service.ProductService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {@Autowiredprivate ProductService productService;@GetMapping("/product/{pid}")public Product product(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {Product product = productService.findByPid(pid);log.info("查询到商品:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));return product;}}

创建MySQL数据库:

create database  springcloud_shop;
use springcloud_shop;create table  shop_product (
pid int ,
pname VARCHAR(10) not NULL,pprice  VARCHAR(10) not null,
stock VARCHAR(10) not null);create table shop_user(
uid int not null primary key,
username VARCHAR(20) ,password VARCHAR(20),telephone VARCHAR(11));
delete from shop_usercreate table shop_user (
uid integer not null auto_increment, 
userpassword varchar(255), 
telephone varchar(255), 
username varchar(255), 
primary key (uid)) engine=InnoDBINSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(1,'小米','1000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(2,'华为','2000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(3,'苹果','3000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(4,'OPPO','4000','5000');

通过浏览器访问服务 localhost:8081/product/1

六. 微服务搭建订单模块 shop-order

创建一个名为 shop-order 的模块,并添加springboot依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>shop-order</artifactId><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.itheima</groupId><artifactId>shop-common</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

创建springboot执行类

package com.example;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class ShopOrderApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ShopOrderApplication.class, args);}}

在com.example.serve..dao

OrderDao接口

package com.example.server.dao;import com.example.server.pojo.Order;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order, Long> {
}

com.example.serve包接口

OrderService

package com.example.server.service;import com.example.server.pojo.Order;public interface OrderService {void save(Order order);
}

OrderServiceImpl

package com.example.server.service.impl;import com.example.server.dao.OrderDao;
import com.example.server.pojo.Order;
import com.example.server.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {@Autowiredprivate OrderDao orderDao;@Overridepublic void save(Order order) {orderDao.save(order);}
}

创建RestTemplate 通过restTemplate调用商品微服务

package com.example;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);}@Beanpublic RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {return new RestTemplate();}
}

创建controller

package com.example.server.controller;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.example.server.pojo.Order;
import com.example.server.pojo.Product;
import com.example.server.service.OrderService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {@Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;@Autowiredprivate OrderService orderService;//准备买1件商品@GetMapping("/order/prod/{pid}")public Order order(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {log.info(">>客户下单，这时候要调用商品微服务查询商品信息");
//通过restTemplate调用商品微服务Product product = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8081/product/" + pid, Product.class);log.info(">>商品信息,查询结果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));Order order = new Order();order.setUid(1);order.setUsername("测试用户");order.setPid(product.getPid());order.setPname(product.getPname());order.setPprice(product.getPprice());order.setNumber(1);orderService.save(order);return order;}
}

启动服务之后访问: localhost:8091/order/prod/1

这样简单的微服务环境搭建好了