目录

​编辑

SegmentationModel类

DetectionModel类

推理阶段

DetectionModel--forward()

BaseModel--forward() 

Segment类

Detect--forward 

---

 

SegmentationModel类

定义model将会调用models/yolo.py中的类SegmentationModel。该类是继承父类--DetectionModel类。

class SegmentationModel(DetectionModel):  # SegmentationModel这个类是继承了DetectionModel这个类# YOLOv5 segmentation modeldef __init__(self, cfg='yolov5s-seg.yaml', ch=3, nc=None, anchors=None):super().__init__(cfg, ch, nc, anchors)

DetectionModel类

因此直接去看下DetectionModel这个类代码，同时也能发现这个类又是继承BaseModel这个类。这里先看一下DetectionModel，后面再看BaseModel这个类。这个类的功能可以根据yaml文件定义网络【定义网络的函数为parse_model()】，在分割任务中，anchors为None。

class DetectionModel(BaseModel):  # 继承BaseModel这个类# YOLOv5 detection modeldef __init__(self, cfg='yolov5s.yaml', ch=3, nc=None, anchors=None):  # model, input channels, number of classessuper().__init__()if isinstance(cfg, dict):self.yaml = cfg  # model dictelse:  # is *.yamlimport yaml  # for torch hubself.yaml_file = Path(cfg).namewith open(cfg, encoding='ascii', errors='ignore') as f:self.yaml = yaml.safe_load(f)  # model dict# Define modelch = self.yaml['ch'] = self.yaml.get('ch', ch)  # input channelsif nc and nc != self.yaml['nc']:LOGGER.info(f"Overriding model.yaml nc={self.yaml['nc']} with nc={nc}")self.yaml['nc'] = nc  # override yaml valueif anchors:LOGGER.info(f'Overriding model.yaml anchors with anchors={anchors}')self.yaml['anchors'] = round(anchors)  # override yaml valueself.model, self.save = parse_model(deepcopy(self.yaml), ch=[ch])  # model, savelist

得到的model如下，这里需要注意的是此时的self指SegmentationModel类。

Sequential(
  (0): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(3, 32, kernel_size=(6, 6), stride=(2, 2), padding=(2, 2), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (1): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(32, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (2): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(64, 32, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(64, 32, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(32, 32, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(32, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (3): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (4): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
      (1): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (5): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (6): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
      (1): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
      (2): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (7): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (8): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (9): SPPF(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(1024, 512, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=5, stride=1, padding=2, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)
  )
  (10): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (11): Upsample(scale_factor=2.0, mode=nearest)
  (12): Concat()
  (13): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (14): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (15): Upsample(scale_factor=2.0, mode=nearest)
  (16): Concat()
  (17): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (18): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (19): Concat()
  (20): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (21): Conv(
    (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
    (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (act): SiLU()
  )
  (22): Concat()
  (23): C3(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU()
    )
    (m): Sequential(
      (0): Bottleneck(
        (cv1): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
        (cv2): Conv(
          (conv): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
          (bn): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
          (act): SiLU()
        )
      )
    )
  )
  (24): Segment(
    (m): ModuleList(
      (0): Conv2d(128, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
      (1): Conv2d(256, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
      (2): Conv2d(512, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
    )
    (proto): Proto(
      (cv1): Conv(
        (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (act): SiLU()
      )
      (upsample): Upsample(scale_factor=2.0, mode=nearest)
      (cv2): Conv(
        (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (act): SiLU()
      )
      (cv3): Conv(
        (conv): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (act): SiLU()
      )
    )
  )
)

然后继续看下面的代码，m=self.model[-1]是获取上面定义model的最后一个模块即Segment类【这个类又继承Detect类，这个】，所以此时的m类型为Segment类。然后看forward 的lambda表达式那行， 由于通过isinstance判断m为Segment为True,所以此时调用SegmentationModel类的forward函数，并且可以回看前面SegmentationModel这个类发现没有重新父类DetectionModel的forward函数，所以这里直接调用父类的forward即可。

        # Build strides, anchorsm = self.model[-1]  # Detect()if isinstance(m, (Detect, Segment)):s = 256  # 2x min stridem.inplace = self.inplaceforward = lambda x: self.forward(x)[0] if isinstance(m, Segment) else self.forward(x)

下面这两行代码分别为anchors的映射与获得stride，前面的映射是指将anchors映射到对应feature map上。【看到这里可能有些懵，不是前面已经说anchors为None了么，怎么现在又有anchors了，前面的None指在SegmentationModel这个类，而现在的anchors是Segment类中，也就是上面代码中m这个变量，这个anchors是通过YAML文件获取的】 。

m.anchors /= m.stride.view(-1, 1, 1)  # anchors的缩放
self.stride = m.stride

推理阶段

DetectionModel--forward()

从面前我们已经知道了虽然我们可以通过SegmentationModel类的实例化来定义model，但在推理阶段是调用的DetectionModel这个类下的forward函数。

    def forward(self, x, augment=False, profile=False, visualize=False):if augment:return self._forward_augment(x)  # augmented inference, Nonereturn self._forward_once(x, profile, visualize)  # single-scale inference, train

BaseModel--forward() 

可以看到DetectionModel调用的为_forward_once(x,profile,visualize)这个函数，而这个函数是父类BaseModel下的函数。

class BaseModel(nn.Module):# YOLOv5 base modeldef forward(self, x, profile=False, visualize=False):return self._forward_once(x, profile, visualize)  # single-scale inference, traindef _forward_once(self, x, profile=False, visualize=False):y, dt = [], []  # outputsfor m in self.model:if m.f != -1:  # if not from previous layerx = y[m.f] if isinstance(m.f, int) else [x if j == -1 else y[j] for j in m.f]  # from earlier layers 当为segment时xshape:[128,80,80]、[256,40,40],[512,20,20]if profile:self._profile_one_layer(m, x, dt)x = m(x)  # run 将x放入每个卷积层提取特征，得到的x是提取后的y.append(x if m.i in self.save else None)  # save outputif visualize:feature_visualization(x, m.type, m.i, save_dir=visualize)return x

此时的x为输入的图像，shape为【1，3，640，640】。self为SegmentationModel，因此后面的self,model调用的前面定义好的分割网络model。 

for m in self.model是遍历网络的每一层，当遍历到head时【也就是遍历到segment类时】，得到的shape大小为[128,80,80],[256,40,40],[512,20,20]，也就是会得到三个feature map，这三个层是通过m.f在y[j]中获得的。

下面这行代码是会将[4, 6, 10, 14, 17, 20, 23]这几层输出的output进行保存【这几层可以对照yaml文件看】。 

y.append(x if m.i in self.save else None)  # save output

下面是Segment【head】结构。

经过卷积以后得到的x为tuple类型，包含的内容为：

①【batch,25200,117】,

②【batch,32,160,160】,

③ list【[batch,3,80,80,117]，【[batch,3,40,40,117]】，[batch,3,20,20,117]】

注：25200=3*80*80+40*40*3+20*20*3【可理解为将三个featrue map铺平后叠加在一起】;

这里的160是通过将80*80的feature上采样得到的 

这里的117指：5+80+32【这里的32是mask的数量】

最后得到的输出就是我们要的output。

Segment(
  (m): ModuleList(
    (0): Conv2d(128, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
    (1): Conv2d(256, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
    (2): Conv2d(512, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
  )
  (proto): Proto(
    (cv1): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=0.001, momentum=0.03, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU(inplace=True)
    )
    (upsample): Upsample(scale_factor=2.0, mode=nearest)
    (cv2): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=0.001, momentum=0.03, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU(inplace=True)
    )
    (cv3): Conv(
      (conv): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (bn): BatchNorm2d(32, eps=0.001, momentum=0.03, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (act): SiLU(inplace=True)
    )
  )
) 

Segment类

 前面我们说到了在BaseModel中对派生类SegmentationModel遍历时，在head部分会得到Segment获得最终的输出，那么我们来看一下这个类。

参数：

nc:分类数量。coco为80个类

anchors:通过yaml文件获得的anchors。

nm：mask数量

npr:protos数量

ch:3通道

Segment继承Detect这个类

在forward部分，x是前面获得的三个feature，分别从网络的17,20,23层获得。

proto的功能是针对x[0]进行卷积，将原来80*80大小的feature通过上采样变为160*160。然后调用Detect中的forward进行前向推理获得输出，然后返回[x[0],p,x[1]]也就是shape为【1，128，80，80】，【1，128，40，40】，【1，256，20，20】的tuple。

class Segment(Detect):# YOLOv5 Segment head for segmentation modelsdef __init__(self, nc=80, anchors=(), nm=32, npr=256, ch=(), inplace=True):super().__init__(nc, anchors, ch, inplace)self.nm = nm  # number of masksself.npr = npr  # number of protosself.no = 5 + nc + self.nm  # number of outputs per anchor 5+80+32self.m = nn.ModuleList(nn.Conv2d(x, self.no * self.na, 1) for x in ch)  # * output convself.proto = Proto(ch[0], self.npr, self.nm)  # protosself.detect = Detect.forwarddef forward(self, x):"""Args x is list,from 17，20，23x[0].shape=[batch_size,128,80,80],x[1].shape=[batch,256,40,40],x[2].shpe=[batch,512,20,20]proto:功能是将P3输出的80*80变160*160conv1(x[0])->upsample[x[0]=160*160]->conv2->conv3->output.shape=[batch,32,160,160]，"""p = self.proto(x[0])x = self.detect(self, x)  # x[0]:[batch,3,80,80,117],x[1]:[1,3,40,40,117],x[2]:[1,3,20,20,117]return (x, p) if self.training else (x[0], p) if self.export else (x[0], p, x[1])

Detect--forward 

在上面Segment中调用Detect的forward对x进行推理，下面就看看具体发生了什么变化。通过遍历三个head，在self指的Segment类，而self.m是Segment的三个卷积，如下：

(m): ModuleList(
    (0): Conv2d(128, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
    (1): Conv2d(256, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
    (2): Conv2d(512, 351, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1))
  )

因此用这三个卷积对x进行卷积，x为Segment类中的x，为tuple类型。

class Detect(nn.Module):# YOLOv5 Detect head for detection modelsstride = None  # strides computed during builddynamic = False  # force grid reconstructionexport = False  # export mode# Detect layer initdef __init__(self, nc=80, anchors=(), ch=(), inplace=True):  # detection layersuper().__init__()self.nc = nc  # number of classesself.no = nc + 5  # number of outputs per anchorself.nl = len(anchors)  # number of detection layersself.na = len(anchors[0]) // 2  # number of anchorsself.grid = [torch.empty(0) for _ in range(self.nl)]  # init gridself.anchor_grid = [torch.empty(0) for _ in range(self.nl)]  # init anchor gridself.register_buffer('anchors', torch.tensor(anchors).float().view(self.nl, -1, 2))  # shape(nl,na,2)self.m = nn.ModuleList(nn.Conv2d(x, self.no * self.na, 1) for x in ch)  # output convself.inplace = inplace  # use inplace ops (e.g. slice assignment)# x是列表类型为P3 P4 P5的输出大小def forward(self, x):z = []  # inference outputfor i in range(self.nl):x[i] = self.m[i](x[i])  # convbs, _, ny, nx = x[i].shape# x(bs,255,20,20) to x(bs,3,20,20,85)x[i] = x[i].view(bs, self.na, self.no, ny, nx).permute(0, 1, 3, 4, 2).contiguous()if not self.training:  # inferenceif self.dynamic or self.grid[i].shape[2:4] != x[i].shape[2:4]:self.grid[i], self.anchor_grid[i] = self._make_grid(nx, ny, i)

由于self前面说了是Segment类型，因此可以将x[1,3,80,80,117=5+80+32]进行划分，得到boxes+mask的形式，形式为xy[中心点],wh[宽高],conf，mask ,并在对应head划分网格，最终将xy,wh,conf与mask进行拼接【在第四维度上，也就是最后一个维度】拼接为shape[batch,feature_w,feature_h,117]。

                if isinstance(self, Segment):  # (boxes + masks)xy, wh, conf, mask = x[i].split((2, 2, self.nc + 1, self.no - self.nc - 5), 4)xy = (xy.sigmoid() * 2 + self.grid[i]) * self.stride[i]  # xywh = (wh.sigmoid() * 2) ** 2 * self.anchor_grid[i]  # why = torch.cat((xy, wh, conf.sigmoid(), mask), 4)

经过上面的操作，我们可以再返回Segment了，经过detect的forward我们得到的输出为：【(1,25200,117),list[(1,3,80,80,117),[1,3,40,40,117],[1,3,20,20,117]]】

再经过下面的操作，返回的形式为【x[0]=[1,25200,117],p=[1,32,160,160],x[1]=list[(1,3,80,80,117),[1,3,40,40,117],[1,3,20,20,117]]】

return (x, p) if self.training else (x[0], p) if self.export else (x[0], p, x[1])

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