统一硬件配置文件的设计是一种非常好的设计模式，可以将硬件和软件的工作进行解耦。

1. 源由

统一硬件配置文件的软硬件解耦方式通过一系列的cli命令组成，最终通过parameter参数调整，达到硬件配置功能。

如果不过多深究内部设计，可以简单参考：BetaFlight统一硬件资源简单配置修改

希望了解更多内部实现，那不是一两句话可以简单说清楚的，我们接下来，对这部分内容进行展开，希望通过分析得到更多设计上的细节。

2. 分析

统一硬件配置文件是由一系列的cli命令组成，这些命令对不同SOC框架的MCU硬件资源进行配置。

2.1 硬件SOC

Betaflight 4.4.1 Note, 比如：4.4.1固件 STM32F405/F411/F745/F7X2/G47X/H723/H730/H743/H750

2.2 统一配置文件

betaflight/unified-targets， 提供了各种厂家各类板子。如果硬件设计是参考过来的，这里就有原始配置文件。基于这个进行修改将事半功倍。

厂家名录详见：manufacturer_id

2.3 cli命令

在BetaFlight模块设计之三十：Cli模块分析中，已经初步介绍了BetaFlight Configurator如何将cli命令解析和识别，并最终与命令挂钩的。

# help
adjrange - configure adjustment ranges<index> <unused> <range channel> <start> <end> <function> <select channel> [<center> <scale>]
aux - configure modes<index> <mode> <aux> <start> <end> <logic>
batch - start or end a batch of commandsstart | end
beacon - enable/disable Dshot beacon for a conditionlist<->[name]
beeper - enable/disable beeper for a conditionlist<->[name]
bind_rx - initiate binding for RX SPI or SRXL2
bl - reboot into bootloader[rom]
board_name - get / set the name of the board model[board name]
color - configure colors
defaults - reset to defaults and reboot{show} {nosave} {bare} {group_id <id>}
diff - list configuration changes from default[master|profile|rates|hardware|all] {defaults|bare}
dma - show/set DMA assignments<> | <device> <index> list | <device> <index> [<option>|none] | list | show
dshot_telemetry_info - display dshot telemetry info and stats
dshotprog - program DShot ESC(s)<index> <command>+
dump - dump configuration[master|profile|rates|hardware|all] {defaults|bare}
escprog - passthrough esc to serial<mode [sk/bl/ki/cc]> <index>
exit
feature - configure featureslist<->[name]
flash_erase - erase flash chip
flash_info - show flash chip info
flash_read<length> <address>
flash_scan - scan flash device for errors
flash_write<address> <message>
get - get variable value[name]
gpspassthrough - passthrough gps to serial
gyroregisters - dump gyro config registers contents
help - display command help[search string]
led - configure leds
manufacturer_id - get / set the id of the board manufacturer[manufacturer id]
map - configure rc channel order[<map>]
mcu_id - id of the microcontroller
mixer - configure mixerlist<name>
mmix - custom motor mixer
mode_color - configure mode and special colors
motor - get/set motor<index> [<value>]
msc - switch into msc mode[<timezone offset minutes>]
play_sound[<index>]
profile - change profile[<index>]
rateprofile - change rate profile[<index>]
rc_smoothing_info - show rc_smoothing operational settings
resource - show/set resources<> | <resource name> <index> [<pin>|none] | show [all]
rxfail - show/set rx failsafe settings
rxrange - configure rx channel ranges
save - save and reboot
sd_info - sdcard info
serial - configure serial ports
serialpassthrough - passthrough serial data data from port 1 to VCP / port 2<id1> [<baud1>] [<mode1>] [none|<dtr pinio>|reset] [<id2>] [<baud2>] [<mode2>]
servo - configure servos
set - change setting[<name>=<value>]
signature - get / set the board type signature[signature]
simplified_tuning - applies or disables simplified tuningapply | disable
smix - servo mixer<rule> <servo> <source> <rate> <speed> <min> <max> <box>resetload <mixer>reverse <servo> <source> r|n
status - show status
tasks - show task stats
timer - show/set timers<> | <pin> list | <pin> [af<alternate function>|none|<option(deprecated)>] | list | show
version - show version
vtx - vtx channels on switch<index> <aux_channel> <vtx_band> <vtx_channel> <vtx_power> <start_range> <end_range>
vtx_info - vtx power config dump
vtxtable - vtx frequency table<band> <bandname> <bandletter> [FACTORY|CUSTOM] <freq> ... <freq>

2.4 板级配置主要命令

通常来说，与板子配置相关的主要命令如下：

2.4.1 board_name

board_name - get / set the name of the board model[board name]

2.4.2 manufacturer_id

manufacturer_id - get / set the id of the board manufacturer[manufacturer id]

2.4.3 resource

resource - show/set resources<> | <resource name> <index> [<pin>|none] | show [all]

2.4.4 timer

timer - show/set timers<> | <pin> list | <pin> [af<alternate function>|none|

2.4.5 dma

dma - show/set DMA assignments<> | <device> <index> list | <device> <index> [<option>|none] | list | show

2.4.6 serial

serial - configure serial ports

2.4.7 set

set - change setting[<name>=<value>]

2.4.8 feature

feature - configure featureslist<->[name]

3. 实例研读

手边正好有一块AOCODARC H7DUAL的板子，后续将就这块板子进行一个配置研读。

3.1 C遗留配置

以下配置内容，主要是说明该板子使用了一下硬件芯片：

• 陀螺仪：BMI270
• 气压计：DPS310
• SPI Flash：W25N01G
• 模拟OSD芯片：MAX7456

#define USE_ACCGYRO_BMI270
#define USE_BARO_DPS310
#define USE_FLASH_W25N01G
#define USE_MAX7456

3.2 BoardName - AOCODARCH7DUAL

board_name AOCODARCH7DUAL

static void cliBoardName(const char *cmdName, char *cmdline)
{const unsigned int len = strlen(cmdline);const char *boardName = getBoardName();if (len > 0 && strlen(boardName) != 0 && boardInformationIsSet() && (len != strlen(boardName) || strncmp(boardName, cmdline, len))) {  //合法性检查cliPrintErrorLinef(cmdName, ERROR_MESSAGE, "BOARD_NAME", boardName);} else {if (len > 0 && !configIsInCopy && setBoardName(cmdline)) {  //设置板子名称boardInformationUpdated = true;cliPrintHashLine("Set board_name.");}printBoardName(DUMP_ALL);}
}

3.3 ManufacturerId - SJET

manufacturer_id SJET

static void cliManufacturerId(const char *cmdName, char *cmdline)
{const unsigned int len = strlen(cmdline);const char *manufacturerId = getManufacturerId();if (len > 0 && boardInformationIsSet() && strlen(manufacturerId) != 0 && (len != strlen(manufacturerId) || strncmp(manufacturerId, cmdline, len))) {  //合法性验证cliPrintErrorLinef(cmdName, ERROR_MESSAGE, "MANUFACTURER_ID", manufacturerId);} else {if (len > 0 && !configIsInCopy && setManufacturerId(cmdline)) {  //设置生产商名称boardInformationUpdated = true;cliPrintHashLine("Set manufacturer_id.");}printManufacturerId(DUMP_ALL);}
}

3.4 更多内容展开

鉴于内容比较多，所以后续我们分章节进行（围绕配置命令展开）：

• 【1】BetaFlight统一硬件配置文件研读之resource命令
• 【2】BetaFlight统一硬件配置文件研读之timer命令
• 【3】BetaFlight统一硬件配置文件研读之serial命令
• 【4】BetaFlight统一硬件配置文件研读之set命令
• 【5】BetaFlight统一硬件配置文件研读之feature命令
• 【6】BetaFlight统一硬件配置文件研读之dma命令
• 【7】BetaFlight统一硬件AOCODARC H7DUAL配置文件讨论

关于驱动方面设计，后续我们找时间展开研讨！

4. 参考资料

【1】BetaFlight开源代码框架简介
【2】BetaFlight统一硬件资源简单配置修改
【3】BetaFlight模块设计之三十：Cli模块分析