目录
需求
分析设计
动物类
笼子类
房子类
人类
小贴士
整体设计图
开发实现
动物类
笼子类
房子类
人类
小贴士
控制台主函数
需求
动物猫（CCat）、狗（CDog）、蛇（CSnake），包含名字（m_strName）、颜色（m_strColor）、年龄（m_nAge）。
笼子类（CCage）：它负责装3种动物，每个笼子有对应的编号。
房子类（CHouse）：负责存放装动物的笼子。
人（CPeople）：负责花钱买动物，造笼子，将动物放到笼子中，存放到房子里，杀死某个笼子动物，销毁某个笼子（如果有动物一并销毁），
查看某个或所有笼子动物，和某个动物玩耍。控制台程序，通过输入命令，可以进行简单的人机交互。
分析设计
动物类
由于猫狗蛇有着许多共同的属性，所以我们选择创建一个动物类作为他们的父类，用继承和多态来实现他们的关系。
- 它的成员属性包括：名字、颜色、年龄
- 成员函数包括：初始化、玩耍、展示
笼子类
它与动物类的关系是关联的关系
- 成员属性：笼子编号、装的动物
- 成员函数：笼子初始化、向笼子中装动物
房子类
它与笼子类是聚合的关系
- 成员属性：存放笼子的链表
- 成员函数：向房子中装笼子
人类
它与动物类、笼子类和房子类是依赖的关系
- 成员属性：姓名、钱
- 成员函数：初始化、买动物、造笼子、将动物放在笼子里、将笼子放在房子里、清除笼子中的动物、销毁笼子、查看所有笼子、查看某一个笼子、和某个动物去玩、显示人物信息
小贴士
最后我们创建了一个小贴纸，将枚举类型和宏定义放在了里面
- 枚举动物的种类，宏定义动物的价格和人的钱
整体设计图
开发实现
动物类
- 父类
//CAnimal.h
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;class CAnimal
{
public:string m_strName;string m_strColor;int m_nAge;
public:CAnimal();virtual ~CAnimal(); //虚析构void initAni(string name, string color, int age);virtual void PlayAni() = 0;void ShowAni();};//CAnimal.cpp
#include "CAnimal.h"CAnimal::CAnimal():m_nAge(0)
{
}CAnimal::~CAnimal()
{
}void CAnimal::initAni(string name, string color, int age)
{m_strName = name;m_strColor = color;m_nAge = age;
}void CAnimal::ShowAni()
{cout << "name: " << m_strName << ", color: " << m_strColor << ", age" << m_nAge << endl;
}
- 三个子类
狗：
//CDog.h
#pragma once
#include "CAnimal.h"
class CDog :public CAnimal
{
public:virtual void PlayAni();
};//CDog.cpp
#include "CDog.h"void CDog::PlayAni()
{cout << "汪~汪~汪，去啃骨头" << endl;
}
猫：
//CCat.h
#pragma once
#include "CAnimal.h"
class CCat :public CAnimal
{
public:virtual void PlayAni();
};//CCat.cpp
#include "CCat.h"void CCat::PlayAni()
{cout << "喵~喵~喵，捞鱼吃" << endl;
}蛇：
//CSnake.h
#pragma once
#include "CAnimal.h"
class CSnake :public CAnimal
{
public:virtual void PlayAni();
};
//CSnake.cpp
#include "CSnake.h"void CSnake::PlayAni()
{cout << "嘶~嘶~嘶，吃老鼠" << endl;
}
笼子类
//CCage.h
#pragma once
#include "CAnimal.h"
class CCage
{
public:int m_id;CAnimal* m_pAni;
public:CCage();~CCage();void InitCage(int id);void PushAnimal(CAnimal* pAni);
};//CCage.cpp
#include "CCage.h"CCage::CCage():m_id(0),m_pAni(nullptr)
{
}CCage::~CCage()
{
}void CCage::InitCage(int id)
{m_id = id;
}void CCage::PushAnimal(CAnimal* pAni)
{if (pAni) {m_pAni = pAni;}
}
房子类
//CHouse.h
#pragma once
#include<list>
#include "CCage.h"
using namespace std;class CHouse
{
public:list<CCage*> m_lstCage;
public:CHouse();~CHouse();void PushCage(CCage* pCage);
};//CHouse.cpp
#include "CHouse.h"CHouse::CHouse()
{
}CHouse::~CHouse()
{list<CCage* >::iterator ite = m_lstCage.begin();while (ite != m_lstCage.end()) {if ((*ite)) { //笼子不为空if ((*ite)->m_pAni) { //如果存在动物delete(*ite)->m_pAni; //销毁动物(*ite)->m_pAni = nullptr;}delete(*ite); //销毁笼子(*ite) = nullptr;}ite++;}m_lstCage.clear(); //清空节点}void CHouse::PushCage(CCage* pCage)
{if (pCage) m_lstCage.push_back(pCage);
}
人类
//CPeople.h
#pragma once
#include "CHouse.h"
#include "config.h"class CPeople
{
public:string m_name;int m_money;
public:CPeople();~CPeople();void InitPeople(string name, int money);bool BuyAnimal(CAnimal* pAni, ani_kind kind);CCage* CreatCage();void PushAniToCage(CCage* pCage, CAnimal* pAni);void PushCageToHouse(CHouse* pHouse, CCage* pCage);void KillAnimal(CHouse* pHouse, int id);void DestoryCage(CHouse* pHouse, int id);void LookAll(CHouse* pHouse);void LookOne(CHouse* pHouse, int id);void PlayWithAnimal(CHouse* pHouse, int id);void showPeople();};//CPeople.cpp
#include "CPeople.h"CPeople::CPeople():m_money(0)
{
}CPeople::~CPeople()
{
}void CPeople::InitPeople(string name, int money)
{m_name = name;m_money = money;
}#define BUY_ANIMAL(ANI_PRICE)\if (m_money - ANI_PRICE >= 0) {\m_money -= ANI_PRICE;\}\else {\cout << "穷鬼~，钱不够买动物了" << endl;\return false;\}bool CPeople::BuyAnimal(CAnimal* pAni, ani_kind kind)
{if (!pAni) {cout << "动物的指针为空" << endl;return false;}switch (kind) {case ani_kind::ani_dog:{/* if (m_money - DOG_PRICE >= 0) {m_money -= DOG_PRICE;}else {cout << "穷鬼~，钱不够买动物了" << endl;return false;}*/BUY_ANIMAL(DOG_PRICE)}break;case ani_kind::ani_cat:{BUY_ANIMAL(CAT_PRICE)}break;case ani_kind::ani_sna:{BUY_ANIMAL(SNA_PRICE)}break;}cout << "动物买成功了" << endl;return true;
}CCage* CPeople::CreatCage()
{CCage* pCage = new CCage;cout << "请输入笼子的ID(ID>0)" << endl;int id = 0;cin >> id;while (id <= 0) {cout << "输入的ID不合法，重新输入" << endl;cin >> id;}pCage->InitCage(id);return pCage;
}void CPeople::PushAniToCage(CCage* pCage, CAnimal* pAni)
{if (!pCage || !pAni) {cout << "参数不合法" << endl;return;}pCage->PushAnimal(pAni);cout << "动物成功的添加到笼子中" << endl;
}void CPeople::PushCageToHouse(CHouse* pHouse, CCage* pCage)
{if (!pHouse || !pCage) {cout << "参数不合法" << endl;return;}pHouse->PushCage(pCage);cout << "笼子成功的添加到房子中" << endl;}void CPeople::KillAnimal(CHouse* pHouse, int id)
{if (!pHouse) {cout << "房子的指针为空" << endl;return;}list<CCage*>::iterator ite = pHouse->m_lstCage.begin();while (ite != pHouse->m_lstCage.end()) { //遍历笼子的链表if ((*ite) && (*ite)->m_id == id) { //笼子不为空 且 匹配到了if ((*ite)->m_pAni) { //笼子中存在着动物delete(*ite)->m_pAni; //杀死动物(*ite)->m_pAni = nullptr;}cout << "笼子中不存在动物了" << endl;return;}ite++;}cout << "未匹配到笼子id：" << id << endl;
}void CPeople::DestoryCage(CHouse* pHouse, int id)
{if (!pHouse) {cout << "房子的指针为空" << endl;return;}list<CCage*>::iterator ite = pHouse->m_lstCage.begin();while (ite != pHouse->m_lstCage.end()) { //遍历笼子的链表if ((*ite) && (*ite)->m_id == id) { //笼子不为空 且 匹配到了if ((*ite)->m_pAni) { //笼子中存在着动物delete(*ite)->m_pAni; //杀死动物(*ite)->m_pAni = nullptr;}delete(*ite); //销毁笼子(*ite) = nullptr;cout << "笼子被成功的销毁了" << endl;return;}ite++;}cout << "未匹配到笼子id：" << id << endl;
}void CPeople::LookAll(CHouse* pHouse) {if (!pHouse) {cout << "房子的指针为空" << endl;return;}for (CCage* pCage: pHouse->m_lstCage) {if (pCage) {cout << "id : " << pCage->m_id << " , ";if (pCage->m_pAni) {pCage->m_pAni->ShowAni();}else {cout << "笼子为空" << endl;}}}
}
void CPeople::LookOne(CHouse* pHouse, int id) {if (!pHouse) {cout << "房子的指针为空" << endl;return;}for (CCage* pCage : pHouse->m_lstCage) {if (pCage && pCage->m_id == id) {cout << "id : " << pCage->m_id << " , ";if (pCage->m_pAni) {pCage->m_pAni->ShowAni();}else {cout << "笼子为空" << endl;}return;}}cout << "未匹配到笼子id：" << id << endl;
}
void CPeople::PlayWithAnimal(CHouse* pHouse, int id) {if (!pHouse) {cout << "房子的指针为空" << endl;return;}for (CCage* pCage : pHouse->m_lstCage) {if (pCage && pCage->m_id == id) {cout << "准备去玩耍..." << endl;if (pCage->m_pAni) {pCage->m_pAni->PlayAni();}else {cout << "自己玩耍" << endl;}return;}}cout << "未匹配到笼子id：" << id << endl;
}
void CPeople::showPeople() {cout << "name : " << m_name << ", money : " << m_money << endl;
}小贴士
//config.h
#pragma onceenum class ani_kind {ani_cat,ani_dog,ani_sna
};#define DOG_PRICE 100
#define CAT_PRICE 80
#define SNA_PRICE 120#define PEO_MONEY 1200#define CMD_BUY_CAT "buy cat"
#define CMD_BUY_DOG "buy dog"
#define CMD_BUY_SNA "buy sna"#define CMD_KILL_ANI "kill"
#define CMD_DESTORY_ANI "destory"#define CMD_LOOK_ONE "look one"
#define CMD_LOOK_ALL "look all"#define CMD_PLAY "play"
#define CMD_SHOW "show"#define CMD_QUIT "quit"#define CMD_HELP "help"控制台主函数
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "CPeople.h"
#include "CCat.h"
#include "CDog.h"
#include "CSnake.h"
#include <windows.h>void help() {cout << "*********宠物小屋 by wangj 2023.4.30*************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_BUY_CAT << "买猫 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_BUY_DOG << "买猫 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_BUY_SNA << "买蛇 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_KILL_ANI << "杀死动物 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_DESTORY_ANI << "销毁笼子（如果有动物，一并销毁） *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_LOOK_ONE << "查看某个动物 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_LOOK_ALL << "查看所有动物 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_PLAY << "和某个动物玩耍 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_SHOW << "显示人物信息 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_QUIT << "程序退出 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "*" << CMD_HELP << "命令帮助 *********************************************************" << endl;cout << "**********************************************************" << endl;
}#define BUY_ANIMAL(ANI_CLASS,ANI_KIND)\pAni = new ANI_CLASS;\cout << "请输入动物的名字、颜色、年龄" << endl;\cin >> name >> color >> age;\pAni->initAni(name, color, age);\if (!pPeo->BuyAnimal(pAni, ANI_KIND)) {\delete pAni;\pAni = nullptr;\}int main() {CPeople* pPeo = new CPeople;pPeo->InitPeople("张三", PEO_MONEY);CHouse* pHouse = new CHouse;//-------------------------------------------------------string cmd;string Return;help();while (1) {//cout << "请输入命令" << endl;//cin >> cmd;getline(cin, cmd); //读取一行（遇到空格不停止）//cin.sync();//cin.clear();//判断输入的命令是否是买动物string name;string color;int age = 0;CAnimal* pAni = nullptr;if (cmd == CMD_BUY_CAT) {//pAni = new CCat;//cout << "请输入动物的名字、颜色、年龄" << endl;//cin >> name >> color >> age;//pAni->initAni(name, color, age);//if (!pPeo->BuyAnimal(pAni, ani_cat)) {//买动物如果失败，将new的动物回收// delete pAni;// pAni = nullptr;//}BUY_ANIMAL(CCat, ani_kind::ani_cat)}else if (cmd == CMD_BUY_DOG) {BUY_ANIMAL(CDog, ani_kind::ani_dog)}else if (cmd == CMD_BUY_SNA) {BUY_ANIMAL(CSnake, ani_kind::ani_sna)}if (pAni) { //动物买成功了，建造笼子装动物，装房子CCage* pCage = pPeo->CreatCage(); //建造笼子pPeo->PushAniToCage(pCage, pAni); //装动物pPeo->PushCageToHouse(pHouse, pCage);//装房子}if (CMD_KILL_ANI == cmd) {int id = 0;cout << "请输入要杀死动物的笼子id" << endl;cin >> id;pPeo->KillAnimal(pHouse, id);}if (CMD_DESTORY_ANI == cmd) {int id = 0;cout << "请输入要销毁的笼子id" << endl;cin >> id;pPeo->DestoryCage(pHouse, id);}if (CMD_LOOK_ONE == cmd) {int id = 0;cout << "请输入要查看的笼子的id" << endl;cin >> id;pPeo->LookOne(pHouse,id);}if (CMD_LOOK_ALL == cmd) {pPeo->LookAll(pHouse);}if (CMD_PLAY == cmd) {int id = 0;cout << "请输入要玩耍的动物的笼子" << endl;cin >> id;pPeo->PlayWithAnimal(pHouse, id);}if (CMD_SHOW == cmd) {pPeo->showPeople();}if (CMD_QUIT == cmd) {cout << "程序即将退出..." << endl;Sleep(2000);break;}if (CMD_HELP == cmd) {help(); }getline(cin, Return);}//-------------------------------------------------------delete pHouse;pHouse = nullptr;delete pPeo;pPeo = nullptr;return 0;
}
