前言
这是疫情可视化最开始的文章,有需要了解的可前往查看:https://blog.csdn.net/xi1213/article/details/126824752。 本来说有时间就把这个项目完结了的,结果后面一直有事拖着,直到现在十一月份了才搞完。老样子,先看成果。
- 浏览链接:https://xi1213.gitee.io/covid19-visualization
- 项目链接(欢迎各位大哥star):https://gitee.com/xi1213/covid19-visualization
修改与添加
后面可能审美疲劳了,越看越丑,就干脆直接用dataV(这可不是阿里的那个dataV)修饰页面了。这是项目改动后的样子:
主要做了如下改动:
- 添加首页的3d粒子球体。
- 完成“省内分析”模块。
- 完成当地疫情报告生成与下载。
- 使用dataV修饰页面。
粒子球体
粒子球体也是用three.js完成的,放大仔细看会发现其实是有三层构成的:内层透明球体,中间点状球体,外层病毒球体。
具体实现过程是这样的:
- 先绘制一个内层透明球体,记得将球体材质的transparent设为true,然后设置不透明度opacity值。
//创建斑点球体
async function createSpotSphere() {let globeBufferGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(earthSize - 1, 50, 50);//球体几何体let globeInnerMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color: new THREE.Color(dvColor[0]),//颜色// blending: THREE.AdditiveBlending,//纹理融合的叠加方式// side: THREE.FrontSide,//前面显示transparent: true,//透明// depthWrite: false,//深度写入// depthTest: false,//黑洞效果opacity: .3,//不透明度});let globeInnerMesh = new THREE.Mesh(globeBufferGeometry,globeInnerMaterial);earthGroup.add(globeInnerMesh); //将网格放入地球组cre
- 创建点状球体。这里需要使用一张黑白的世界地图。
let img = new Image();
img.src = earthGrayscale; //黑白地图
将图片使用onload加载到项目中后,利用canvas绘制一遍该图,再使用getImageData获取到像素点数据canData。
let canvas = document.createElement("canvas");canvas.width = img.width; //使得canvas尺寸与图片尺寸相同canvas.height = img.height;(canvas.getContext("2d") as any).drawImage(img, 0, 0, img.width, img.height);//canvas绘制图片let canData = (canvas.getContext("2d") as any).getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);//获取画布像素数据
利用canData .data中的rgba信息生成缓冲几何顶点数组globeCloudVerticesArray。
let globeCloudBufferGeometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry(); //设置缓冲几何体let globeCloudVerticesArray = []; //地球云缓冲几何体顶点let o = null; //数组处理时的计数for (o = 0; o < canData.data.length; o += 4) {let r = (o / 4) % canvas.width,i = (o / 4 - r) / canvas.width;if ((o / 4) % 2 == 1 && i % 2 == 1)if (0 === canData.data[o]) {let n = r,longitude = (i / (canvas.height / 180) - 90) / -1, //经度latitude = n / (canvas.width / 360) - 180; //维度let s = latLongToVector3(longitude, latitude, earthSize, .1); //经纬度变换globeCloudVerticesArray.push(s); //将变换后的顶点放入数组}}
然后再使用three中的BufferAttribute生成属性position与color。
let l = new Float32Array(3 * globeCloudVerticesArray.length); //创建顶点数组长度for (o = 0; o < globeCloudVerticesArray.length; o++) {l[3 * o] = globeCloudVerticesArray[o].x;//设置顶点数组数据l[3 * o + 1] = globeCloudVerticesArray[o].y;l[3 * o + 2] = globeCloudVerticesArray[o].z;}let positionVal = new THREE.BufferAttribute(l, 3); //设置缓冲区属性值globeCloudBufferGeometry.setAttribute("position", positionVal); //给缓冲几何体添加位置属性let globeCloudMaterial = new THREE.PointsMaterial({color: new THREE.Color(dvColor[1]),//颜色fog: true,size: 1,});//球面斑点材质let d = new Float32Array(3 * globeCloudVerticesArray.length), c = [];for (o = 0; o < globeCloudVerticesArray.length; o++) {c[o] = new THREE.Color(dvColor[1]);//球面斑点颜色d[3 * o] = c[o].r;//设置地球云数组rgb颜色d[3 * o + 1] = c[o].g;d[3 * o + 2] = c[o].b;}let color_val = new THREE.BufferAttribute(d, 3);globeCloudBufferGeometry.setAttribute("color", color_val);//给缓冲几何体添加颜色属性,修改颜色直接修改globeCloudBufferGeometry的setAttribute
最后再使用THREE.Points创建球面的点,将position与color属性添加到点的几何体BufferGeometry中。
let globeCloud = new THREE.Points(//球面的象素点globeCloudBufferGeometry,globeCloudMaterial);
这是需要用到的坐标转换方法:
//经纬度坐标变换(传入e:纬度、a经度、t球半径、o球额外距离)
function latLongToVector3(e: any, a: any, t: any, o: any) {var r = (e * Math.PI) / 180,i = ((a - 180) * Math.PI) / 180,n = -(t + o) * Math.cos(r) * Math.cos(i),s = (t + o) * Math.sin(r),l = (t + o) * Math.cos(r) * Math.sin(i);return new THREE.Vector3(n, s, l); //计算三维向量
};
- 创建最外层的病毒球体。每一个病毒都是一个THREE.Sprite,材质是THREE.SpriteMaterial,利用Sprite.position.set设置具体坐标位置,最后将Sprite添加到球体组中。病毒的颜色是由当前点确诊值决定的,颜色值在colors数组中取出。
//创建病毒
function createVirus(data: any, earthSize: any) {let colors = [new THREE.Color(0xf9b8b8),new THREE.Color(0xfe4242),new THREE.Color(0xff0000),]; //病毒颜色列表let virSize = 4; //病毒大小let list = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(data));list.forEach((e: { value: number; color: any; position: any[]; }) => {e.value >= 10000000 && (e.color = colors[2]); //根据病毒数赋予不同颜色e.value >= 500000 && e.value < 10000000 && (e.color = colors[1]);e.value < 500000 && (e.color = colors[0]);if (e.position) {let virusMaterial = new THREE.SpriteMaterial({color: e.color,map: new THREE.TextureLoader().load(virusImg),side: THREE.FrontSide, //只显示前面}); //病毒材质let Sprite = new THREE.Sprite(virusMaterial); //点精灵材质Sprite.scale.set(virSize, virSize, 1); //点大小let lat = e.position[1]; //纬度let lon = e.position[0]; //经度let s = latLongToVector3(lat, lon, earthSize, 1); //坐标转换Sprite.position.set(s.x, s.y, s.z); //设置点的位置Sprite.dotData = e; //将点的数据添加到dotData属性中Sprite.name = "病毒";earthGroup.add(Sprite); //将病毒添加进球体组中}});
};
省内分析
- 省内数据概况。
该数值在加载时是有增加动画的,是利用vue响应式原理完成的,在上一篇文章中有提到。 - 省内各地疫情柱状图。
这是具体的echart配置:
let option = {title: {text: provinceBaseData.value.province + "各地数据",left: "center",top: '5%',textStyle: {color: "#fff",},},tooltip: {trigger: 'axis',axisPointer: {type: 'shadow'}},dataZoom: [{type: 'inside',},{show: true,yAxisIndex: 0,filterMode: 'empty',width: 25,height: '70%',showDataShadow: false,left: '3%',top: "center"}],legend: {data: ['累计数', '治愈数', '确诊数', '较昨日新增', '死亡数'],orient: "vertical",top: "15%",right: "2%",textStyle: {color: "#fff"},},grid: {left: '3%',right: '15%',bottom: '10%',containLabel: true},xAxis: {type: 'category',data: echartData.cityName,axisLabel: {interval: 0,rotate: 50,color: "#fff"},},yAxis: {type: 'value',axisLabel: {color: "#fff",},},series: [{name: '累计数',type: 'bar',emphasis: {focus: 'series'},itemStyle: {color: '#f59158'},data: echartData.conNum},{name: '治愈数',type: 'bar',emphasis: {focus: 'series'},itemStyle: {color: '#48c56b'},data: echartData.cureNum},{name: '确诊数',type: 'bar',stack: 'total',emphasis: {focus: 'series'},itemStyle: {color: '#ffd889'},data: echartData.econNum},{name: '较昨日新增',type: 'bar',stack: 'total',emphasis: {focus: 'series'},itemStyle: {color: '#794ebd'},data: echartData.asymptomNum},{name: '死亡数',type: 'bar',stack: 'total',emphasis: {focus: 'series'},itemStyle: {color: '#ff6a6a'},data: echartData.deathNum},]};
- 省份历史疫情数据图表。
这是该图表配置:
let option = {title: {text: provinceBaseData.value.province + "历史数据",left: "center",top: '5%',textStyle: {color: "#fff",},},tooltip: {trigger: 'axis',axisPointer: {type: 'cross',label: {backgroundColor: '#6a7985'}}},legend: {data: ['累计数', '确诊数', '较昨日新增', '治愈数', '死亡数'],orient: "vertical",top: "15%",right: "2%",textStyle: {color: "#fff"},},grid: {left: '8%',},xAxis: [{type: 'category',boundaryGap: false,axisLabel: {color: "#fff",},data: echatrData.time}],yAxis: [{type: 'value',axisLabel: {color: "#fff",},}],dataZoom: [{startValue: ''},{type: 'inside'}],series: [{name: '累计数',type: 'line',stack: 'Total',smooth: true,lineStyle: {width: 0},showSymbol: false,areaStyle: {opacity: 0.8,color: "#f59158"},emphasis: {focus: 'series'},itemStyle: {color: '#f59158'},data: echatrData.conNum},{name: '确诊数',type: 'line',stack: 'Total',smooth: true,lineStyle: {width: 0},showSymbol: false,areaStyle: {opacity: 0.8,color: "#ffd889"},itemStyle: {color: '#ffd889'},emphasis: {focus: 'series'},data: echatrData.econNum},{name: '较昨日新增',type: 'line',stack: 'Total',smooth: true,lineStyle: {width: 0},showSymbol: false,label: {show: true,position: 'top'},areaStyle: {opacity: 0.8,color: "#794ebd"},itemStyle: {color: '#794ebd'},emphasis: {focus: 'series'},data: echatrData.asymptomNum},{name: '治愈数',type: 'line',stack: 'Total',smooth: true,lineStyle: {width: 0},showSymbol: false,areaStyle: {opacity: 0.8,color: "#48c56b"},itemStyle: {color: '#48c56b'},emphasis: {focus: 'series'},data: echatrData.cureNum},{name: '死亡数',type: 'line',stack: 'Total',smooth: true,lineStyle: {width: 0},showSymbol: false,areaStyle: {opacity: 0.8,color: "#ff6a6a"},itemStyle: {color: '#ff6a6a'},emphasis: {focus: 'series'},data: echatrData.deathNum},]};
报告生成与下载
报告生成利用的是docxtemplater,这是前端生成word比较方便的一个插件,具体使用方法可以看这里:https://blog.csdn.net/xi1213/article/details/127412672。
- 这是生成的word报告示例:
dataV修饰
- dataV是一个大屏可视化组件库,这是使用文档:http://datav.jiaminghi.com/guide/。
- dataV是vue2开始的,vue3使用的话会报错,需要做一点修改,具体看这里:https://blog.csdn.net/xi1213/article/details/127697760。
- 我只用了dataV中的一些边框与装饰,你在页面中看到的紫色线框和一些动画的装饰就是dataV的,还是蛮漂亮的。
结语
- 最后我发现人的审美真的变化太快了。
- 项目刚搞完:嗯不错!真漂亮!
- 过去一周后:什么玩意!丑得一批!
- 如果还有后续的话,我可能就要考虑添加自定义主题配色了。