What are mobile devices capable of? How should you plan your game accordingly? If your game runs slow, and the profiler indicates that it's a rendering bottleneck, how do you know what to change, and how to make your game look good but still run fast? This page is dedicated to a general and non-technical exposition of the methods. If you are looking for the specifics, see the Rendering Optimizations page.

移动设备能够做到什么？如何相应地策划你的游戏？如果游戏的运行速度慢，并且分析器表明这是一个渲染瓶颈，你如何得知要改变什么？以及如何保障你的游戏很好看的同时仍然运行得很快？此页面专门阐述一般和非技术方法。如果你正在寻找具体细节，请参阅 渲染优化页面。

What you can reasonably expect to run on current consumer mobiles:
你可以合理地预期在当前消费者手机上的运行状况：

• Lightmapped static geometry. But beware of:
  光照贴图的静态几何。要注意：
  • Using a lot of alpha-test shaders 
    使用大量alpha测试着色器
  • Bumpmapping, especially using built-in shaders. 
    凹凸贴图，尤其在使用内置着色器的时候
  • High polygon count 
    高多边形数
• Animated characters, even with fancy shaders! But beware of:
  动画角色，甚至那些使用花哨着色器（的角色）！要注意：
  • Massive crowds or high-poly characters 
    大量人群或高聚角色
• 2D games with sprites. But beware of:
  使用精灵的2D游戏，要注意：
  • Overdraw, or, lots of layers drawn on top of eachother. 
    超量绘制，或者，绘制在彼此顶部的大量图层。
• Particle effects. But beware of:
  粒子效果。要注意：
  • High density on large particles. (Lots of particles drawn on top of each other. This is another overdraw situation) 
    较大粒子的高密度（情况）。（大量的粒子在彼此的顶部绘制。这是另一个中超量绘制的情况）
  • Ridiculous numbers of particles, or particle colliders. 
    粒子或粒子碰撞器出现的荒谬数量。
• Physics. But beware of:
  物理。要注意：
  • Mesh colliders. 网格碰撞器。
  • Lots of active bodies. 大量的激活对象。

Bottom line - What this means for your game
底线 - 这对你的游戏而言意味着什么

The more you respect and understand the limitations of the mobile devices, the better your game will look, and the smoother it will perform. If you want to make a high-class game for mobile, you will benefit from understanding Unity's graphics pipeline and being able to write your own shaders. But if you want something to grab to use right away, ShadowGun's shaders, available here, are a good place to start.

你越尊重和理解移动设备的局限性，你的游戏会看起来很好，运行起来也会更流畅。如果你想做一款高档的手机游戏，更好地理解Unity图形渲染管线并能够编写自己的着色器会使你受益匪浅。但是，如果你想要抓住某些东西马上使用，暗影之枪的着色器在 这里 提供，这是一个好的开端。 不要模仿它，烘焙它！

Don't Simulate It, Bake It !

There is no question that games attempt to follow the laws of nature. The movement of every parabolic projectile and the color of every pixel of shiny chrome is derived by formulas first written to mimic observations of the real world. But a game is one part scientific simulation and one part painting. You can't compete in the mobile market with physically accurate rendering; the hardware simply isn't there yet, if you try to imitate the real world all the way, your game will end up limited, drab, and laggy.

毫无疑问，游戏应遵循自然规律。每个抛弹的运动和闪亮镀铬的每一像素颜色都源于首先写好的用于模拟现实世界观测的公式。但一款游戏只是（使用）科学模拟和绘画的一部分。你不能使用物理上的准确渲染在移动市场上竞争；硬件现在还没有到位，如果你尝试模拟现实世界中的所有方式，你的游戏会因为受限、单调和延迟而宣告结束。

You have to pick up your polygons and your blend modes like they're paintbrushes.

你必须拾起多边形和混合模式把它们当成画笔。

The baked bumpmaps shown in Shadowgun are great examples of this. There are specular highlights already in the texture - the human eye doesn't notice that they don't actually line up with the reflected light and view directions - they are simply high-contrast details on the texture, completely faked, yet they end up looking great. This is a common cheating technique which has been used in many successful games. Compare the visor in the first Halo screenshot ever released with the visor from this release screenshot. It appears that the armor protrusions from the top of the helmet are reflected in the visor, but the reflection is actually baked into the visor texture. In League of Legends, a spell effect appears to have a pixel-light attached to it, but it actually is a blended plane with a texture that was probably generated by taking a screenshot of a pixel light shining on the ground.

暗影之枪 烘焙的凹凸贴图 就是很好的例子。有些已经在纹理中的镜面高光-人眼不会注意到它们实际上没有与反射光和视图方向排成一行-它们只是高对比度的细节纹理，完全是伪造的，但它们最终看起来很赞。这是一种常见的作弊技术，它已被用于许多成功的游戏。比较 第一个发布过的光环游戏截图 中的面罩和 这个版本截图 中的面罩。看起来从头盔顶部的盔甲突出是反射到面罩的，但反射实际是烘焙到面罩贴图上。英雄联盟里面，一个魔法效果 似乎有一个连接到它的像素光，但它实际上是由可能产生的照射在地面上的像素光截图纹理形成的混合平面。

What works well: 行之有效的做法：

• Lightmapped static geometry 静态几何体光照贴图
  • Dramatic lighting and largely dynamic environments don't mix. Pick one or the other. 
    舞台照明和大量动态环境不要混用。选择前者或者后者。
• Lightprobes for moving objects 移动对象使用灯光探测器
  • Current mobile hardware is not really cut out for lots of dynamic lights, and it can't do shadows. Lightprobes are a really neat solution for complex game worlds with static lighting. 
    当前手机硬件是不能真的切除大量的动态灯，也不能做阴影。光探针为使用静态灯光的复杂游戏世界提供了很好的解决方案。
• Specialized shaders and detailed, high-contrast textures
  专门着色器和详细的、高对比纹理。
  • The shaders in ShadowGun minimize per-pixel calculations and exploit complex and high-quality textures. See our Rendering Optimizationspage for information on how to make textures that look great even when the shader is simple. 
    暗影之枪的着色器减少了每个像素的计算量、开发复杂度和高质量纹理。如何使纹理看起来很棒，即使是使用简单的着色器，参看我们的 渲染优化页面。
• Cartoon Graphics 卡通图形
  • Who says your game has to look like a photo? If you make lighting and atmosphere the responsibility of the texture artist, not the engine, you hardly even have to worry about optimizing rendering. 
    谁说你的游戏看起来像一张照片？如果你让纹理贴图师而不是引擎（工程师）负责光照和氛围，你就不必担心渲染优化了。

What does not work: 不会起什么作用的做法：

• Glow and other Post processing effects 发光和其他后期处理效果
  • Approximate such effects when possible by using blended quads, check out the Shadowgun project for an example of this. 
    通过使用混合四边形可能实现近似的效果，查阅暗影之枪工程的此示例。
• Bumpmapping, especially with the built-in shaders 凹凸贴图，尤其是内置着色器
  • Use it sparingly, only on the most important characters or objects. Anything that can take up the whole screen probably shouldn't be bumpmapped. 
    只在最重要的角色或物体上有节制地使用它。任何会占据整个屏幕的事物不应该使用凹凸贴图。
  • Instead of using bump maps, bake more detail and contrast into the diffuse texture. The effect from League of Legends is an interesting example of this being used successfully in the industry. 
    烘焙更多的细节和对比度到漫反射纹理，来代替凹凸贴图的使用。英雄联盟的效果就是在行业中成功使用的一个有趣的例子。

But how do I actually do it? 但我实际上应该怎么做？

See our Rendering Optimizations page.

参看我们的 渲染优化页面。