一 背景
在ubuntu x86_64平台上需要同时编译x86_64和arm64两个架构的Qt应用程序。在实践过程中，发现XRes库只能安装在其中一个平台。
二 根因
安装amd64版本的XRes库会删除arm64版本的库，反之亦然。
- 在安装amd64版本时，会删除arm64版本，这会导致缺失libXRes.so的符号链接
- 在安装arm64版本时，会删除amd64版本，这会导致缺失libXRes.so的符号链接
三 解决办法
手动创建缺少的动态库符号链接，比如创建arm64版本的符号链接，如下
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libXRes.so.1.0.0 /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libXRes.so
四 知识点
如何在x86_64系统下安装多架构包，比如arm64, 已实现交叉编译：
- 需要添加arm64架构，如下指令：
dpkg --print-foreign-architecturesi386
sudo dpkg --add-architecture arm64
dpkg --print-foreign-architecturesi386arm64
- 更改sources.list，因为默认的源不支持arm64, 只支持x86_64
需要注意添加arch，如下：[arch=arm64]
给出清华大学源，如下：
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb [arch=arm64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=arm64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=arm64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb [arch=arm64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
- 执行更新：sudo apt-get update
以下给出在linux系统下开发图形应用程序一些常见的包，主要时x11相关的：
- arm64版本
sudo apt-get -q -y install uuid-dev:arm64 libgl1-mesa-dev:arm64 libxcb-xkb-dev:arm64 freetds-dev:arm64 libfontenc-dev:arm64 libice-dev:arm64 libsm-dev:arm64 libxaw7-dev:arm64 libxt-dev:arm64 libxcomposite-dev:arm64 libxcursor-dev:arm64 libxi-dev:arm64 libxinerama-dev:arm64 libxkbfile-dev:arm64 libxmu-dev:arm64 libxmuu-dev:arm64 libxpm-dev:arm64 libxrandr-dev:arm64 libxrender-dev:arm64 libxres-dev:arm64 libxss-dev:arm64 libxtst-dev:arm64 libxv-dev:arm64 libxvmc-dev:arm64 libxcb-icccm4-dev:arm64 libxcb-image0-dev:arm64 libxcb-shm0-dev:arm64 libxcb-keysyms1-dev:arm64 libxcb-render-util0-dev:arm64 libxcb-xinerama0-dev:arm64 libxcb-util-dev:arm64 libxcb-shape0-dev:arm64 libxcb-randr0-dev:arm64 libxcb-xfixes0-dev:arm64 libxcb-sync-dev:arm64 libxcb-keysyms1-dev:arm64 libxkbcommon-x11-dev:arm64 libsm-dev:arm64 libice-dev:arm64 libqt5x11extras5-dev:arm64 libxcb-xinput-dev:arm64
- amd64版本
sudo apt-get -q -y install uuid-dev:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dev:amd64 libxcb-xkb-dev:amd64 freetds-dev:amd64 libfontenc-dev:amd64 libice-dev:amd64 libsm-dev:amd64 libxaw7-dev:amd64 libxt-dev:amd64 libxcomposite-dev:amd64 libxcursor-dev:amd64 libxi-dev:amd64 libxinerama-dev:amd64 libxkbfile-dev:amd64 libxmu-dev:amd64 libxmuu-dev:amd64 libxpm-dev:amd64 libxrandr-dev:amd64 libxrender-dev:amd64 libxres-dev:amd64 libxss-dev:amd64 libxtst-dev:amd64 libxv-dev:amd64 libxvmc-dev:amd64 libxcb-icccm4-dev:amd64 libxcb-image0-dev:amd64 libxcb-shm0-dev:amd64 libxcb-keysyms1-dev:amd64 libxcb-render-util0-dev:amd64 libxcb-xinerama0-dev:amd64 libxcb-util-dev:amd64 libxcb-shape0-dev:amd64 libxcb-randr0-dev:amd64 libxcb-xfixes0-dev:amd64 libxcb-sync-dev:amd64 libxcb-keysyms1-dev:amd64 libxkbcommon-x11-dev:amd64 libsm-dev:amd64 libice-dev:amd64 libqt5x11extras5-dev:amd64 libxcb-xinput-dev:amd64
