关于C ++：Cmake无法找到Boost库

boostc++cmake
Cmake cannot find Boost libraries
我是Cmake的新手，并增强了C ++中的库。 我正在做一个需要boost和Cmake的项目。 我正在使用Cmake版本2.8.11，MS Visual Studio 2013和Boost 1.54.0。 当我尝试从Cmake配置时，出现以下错误：

CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1106     (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.Boost version: 1.54.0Boost include path: D:/boost_1_54_0The following Boost libraries could not be found:boost_threadboost_systemboost_logboost_log_setupboost_program_optionsNo Boost libraries were found.  You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeLists.txt:20 (find_package)

我已经看到很多与我有关的问题并尝试过，但都徒劳无功。 我的Cmakelists.txt文件如下所示：

################################

Boost

################################
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DBOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK)
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DBoost_USE_STATIC_LIBS=ON)
set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY FIND_LIBRARY_USE_LIB64_PATHS ON)
set(Boost_INCLUDE_DIR D:/boost_1_54_0)
set(Boost_LIBRARY_DIR D:/boost_1_54_0/stage/lib)
find_package( Boost 1.54.0 REQUIRED thread system log log_setup program_options)
find_package( Threads )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( $Boos{t}_{I}NCLUD{E}_{D}IR)LIN{K}_{D}IRECTORIES(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIR})
将Boost_DEBUG设置为ON之后的CMake输出如下：

[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:476 ]     _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.56.0;1.56;1.55.0;1.55;1.54.0;1.54
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:478 ]     Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED = TRUE
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:480 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS = TRUE
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:482 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:484 ] Boost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:486 ] Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:538 ] Declared as CMake or Environmental Variables:
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:540 ]   BOOST_ROOT = D:/boost_1_54_0
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:542 ]   BOOST_INCLUDEDIR =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:544 ]   BOOST_LIBRARYDIR =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:546 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.56.0;1.56;1.55.0;1.55;1.54.0;1.54
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:615 ] Include debugging info:
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:617 ]   _boost_INCLUDE_SEARCH_DIRS =    D:/boost_1_54_0/include;D:/boost_1_54_0;PATHS;C:/boost/include;C:/boost;/sw/local/include
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:619 ]   _boost_PATH_SUFFIXES = boost-1_56_0;boost_1_56_0;boost/boost-1_56_0;boost/boost_1_56_0;boost-1_56;boost_1_56;boost/boost-1_56;boost/boost_1_56;boost-1_55_0;boost_1_55_0;boost/boost-1_55_0;boost/boost_1_55_0;boost-1_55;boost_1_55;boost/boost-1_55;boost/boost_1_55;boost-1_54_0;boost_1_54_0;boost/boost-1_54_0;boost/boost_1_54_0;boost-1_54;boost_1_54;boost/boost-1_54;boost/boost_1_54
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:639 ] location of version.hpp: D:/boost_1_54_0/boost/version.hpp
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:663 ] version.hpp reveals boost 1.54.0
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:739 ] guessed _boost_COMPILER = -vc120
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:749 ] _boost_MULTITHREADED = -mt
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:792 ] _boost_RELEASE_ABI_TAG = -
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:794 ] _boost_DEBUG_ABI_TAG = -gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:842 ] _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS = D:/boost_1_54_0/lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/stage/lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/../lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/stage/lib;PATHS;C:/boost/lib;C:/boost;/sw/local/lib
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for THREAD_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_thread-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt;libboost_thread-mt-1_54;libboost_thread-mt;libboost_thread;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s;libboost_thread-mt-s-1_54;libboost_thread-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for THREAD_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_thread-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_thread-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-mt-gd;libboost_thread-mt;libboost_thread;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_thread-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for SYSTEM_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_system-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt;libboost_system-mt-1_54;libboost_system-mt;libboost_system;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s;libboost_system-mt-s-1_54;libboost_system-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for SYSTEM_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_system-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_system-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_system-mt-gd;libboost_system-mt;libboost_system;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_system-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_system-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for LOG_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_log-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt;libboost_log-mt-1_54;libboost_log-mt;libboost_log;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s;libboost_log-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for LOG_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_log-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_log-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log-mt-gd;libboost_log-mt;libboost_log;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_log-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for LOG_SETUP_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt;libboost_log_setup-mt-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt;libboost_log_setup;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s;libboost_log_setup-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for LOG_SETUP_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_log_setup-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt-gd;libboost_log_setup-mt;libboost_log_setup;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_log_setup-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt;libboost_program_options-mt-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt;libboost_program_options;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s;libboost_program_options-mt-s-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_program_options-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt-gd;libboost_program_options-mt;libboost_program_options;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_program_options-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1017 ] Boost_FOUND = 1
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1106  (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.Boost version: 1.54.0Boost include path: D:/boost_1_54_0The following Boost libraries could not be found:boost_threadboost_systemboost_logboost_log_setupboost_program_optionsNo Boost libraries were found.  You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of
Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeLists.txt:26 (find_package)

我也尝试写set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)，但是不幸的是，它没有帮助。 欢迎提出建议。 谢谢。

相关讨论
是的，在调用CMakeLists.txt文件中的find_package之前，已使用set(BOOST_ROOT D:boost_1_54_0)对其进行了设置，但出现相同的错误。
如果将set(Boost_DEBUG ON)添加到CMakeLists.txt，则重新运行时应该会得到更多的调试输出。 如果在此之后您仍然有错误，可以将CMake输出粘贴到您的问题中以供我们查看吗？
您是如何建立Boost 1.54.0的？
@Vertexwahn：我是从MS Visual Studio命令提示符构建的，方法是先从boost所在的目录内部执行bootstrap命令，然后再使用bjam命令。
@Fraser：我将Boost_DEBUG设置为ON并再次尝试，但是仍然存在相同的错误。 我已经在问题中添加了CMake输出。
@ user1382494-不错。 现在，您需要查看boost文件夹并找到实际的库。 根据CMake告诉您的使用值检查其路径和名称。 那么，例如，boost线程库的完整路径是什么？
您的配置看起来有些奇怪和肮脏。特别是像这样的东西：

1
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DBoost_USE_STATIC_LIBS=ON)
这不是C / C ++预处理程序定义！这是一个CMake变量，用于控制CMake如何定义带有Boost库的项目的链接阶段。

如果您正确编译了Boost并没有弄乱任何东西，则目录结构通常如下所示：

<boost-dir>includeboostaccumulators...aligned_storage.hpp...liblibboost_atomic-mt-s.a...
注意：

在您的情况下，Boost的根目录似乎是D:/boost_1_54_0。

如果您的情况不像上面那样，那么我建议您手动将其重新排列为上面的一个，因为这又应该是这样。

完成后，让我们进行一些CMake配置。我建议首先保持简单和整洁，并遵守CMake约定。测试以下内容：

set(BOOST_INCLUDEDIR D:/boost_1_54_0/include)
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR D:/boost_1_54_0/lib)

注意：您可以在FindBoost.cmake的顶部找到对这两个变量的完整描述。

set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS   ON)
set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)

注意：这是通过正确设置CMake变量来强制执行静态链接的方法，但与通过设置不存在的C / C ++预处理程序定义所执行的操作不同。

find_package(Boost
1.54.0
COMPONENTS thread
system
log
log_setup
program_options
REQUIRED)

include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})

target_link_libraries(<target_name> ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
注意：代替，输入要构建的目标的名称(可执行文件，静态/共享库等)。

相关讨论
由于Op是在VS下构建的，因此他的库文件可能最终以stage而不是lib结尾。话虽这么说，在CMake中设置除BOOST_ROOT之外的任何内容已经或多或少地带来了麻烦。
@ComicSansMS：是的。但是我给了他一个建议，告诉他如何测试他的装置是否应该正常工作。在CMakeLists.txt中显式设置路径确实违反了一般建议，并且一旦作者确认至少对他有效，我会丢下一条注释并使用更好的选项来编辑我的答案。顺便说一句，即使设置BOOST_ROOT也是不好的做法。所有这些路径提示变量都应在CMake调用期间进行设置，因为它们仅取决于当前环境。
@Haroogan：非常感谢您的详细答复。目前，我不得不格式化我的机器，并且由于一些任务而面临一些麻烦。修复该问题后，我将立即恢复。再次感谢您的耐心配合。
@Haroogan：我清理了我的CmakeLists.txt文件，并按照您的建议执行了步骤。但是，仍然存在相同的错误。我，然后卸载了MS Visual Studio 2013，安装了MS Visual Studio 2012，然后再次尝试。错误仍然存??在。然后，我在Ubuntu中安装了Boost 1.54.0和Cmake，并且在Ubuntu中运行良好。因此，我现在正在Ubuntu中进行处理以节省时间。
您是否尝试过set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR D:boost_1_54_0lib)和set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR D:boost_1_54_0libstage)？此外，我看到您正在使用VS 2013，调试显示CMake不在搜索*-vc130-库，它仅在搜索-vc120-*。这很可能就是原因。您是否有适用于VS 12或VS 13的Boost库？
是的，我尝试了两种方法。是的，VS 13存在很多问题，因此我也尝试使用VS 12，但没有任何变化。不过，在Ubuntu中，现在一切都正常。
就我而言，有两个问题阻止了构建。目录结构很奇怪，我没有在cmakelists.txt中指定set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)。
如果不应用某些修补程序，则无法使用VS2013构建Boost 1.54.0。另请参见此处如何使用新的Visual Studio 2013预览版构建增强功能？

如果构建正确，则其他所有功能均应正常工作。

在lib文件夹中，重命名：

libboost_thread-vc100-mt-1_49.lib至boost_thread-vc100-mt-1_49.lib
libboost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_49.lib至boost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_49.lib

… 等等。然后可以找到它们。