主语、形式主语、真正主语的引导词：阴影
谓语、系动词：下划线 ___
宾语、介词宾语、表语： 蓝字 ( ~~~ )
插入语：倾斜 ( _._._._ )
修饰成分：{ } 、[ ]、( )
并列、转折、固定搭配、被分割的词组、重点词汇：红字体 ( 黑字体 )
省略：非粗体 ( 倾斜 )
长状语：/... .../
从句引导词：#that ( 口 )
[ 008 ]
This preference for exogamy , Gutman suggests , may have derived / from West African rules ( governing marriage ) , [ #which , though they differed from one tribal group to another , all involved some kind of prohibition ( against unions with close kin ) ] / .
exogamy n. 族外婚;外婚制
suggest v. 建议;提议;推荐;举荐;使想到;使认为;表明;暗示
involved adj. 卷入的;参与;作为一部分; v. 牵涉;包含;需要;
prohibition n. (尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止;禁令;禁律;
union n. 协会;联合会;会社;俱乐部;同盟;联盟;联邦;美利坚合众国，美国;联合;结为夫妻
kin n. 家属;(统称)亲属;亲戚
这种对于异族通婚得到偏好，Gutman 认为，有可能是来自 / 于 ( 管辖婚姻的 ) 西非的规定，[ 该规定尽管从一个部落到另一个部落各不相同，但都涉及到一些 (反对近亲结婚的) 禁忌 ] /
[ 009 ]
His thesis works / relatively well / / when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States / , but his definition of racial prejudice [ as " racially-based negative prejudgments against a group ( generally accepted as a race ) in any given region of ethnic competition , " ] can be interpreted / as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. /
applied v. 应用;使用;施; adj. 应用的;实用的 apply的过去分词和过去式
racial adj. 种族的;种族间的;人种的
prejudgment 预先判断;预断;预判;预决
accepted adj. 公认的;被普遍接受的
race n. 比赛，竞争，角逐;种族，人种，种;
Jew n. 犹太人;犹太教徒
他的论点 / 被应用于针对美国黑人的种族歧视时候 / ，/ 相对来说较为 / 管用， 但是他的对于种族偏见的定义 [ 即 " 在任何特定区域里用基于种族的负面的先人之见来反对某人群 ( 此人群通常被认作一个种族 ) " ] 能够被解释 / 成也包括对以下民族的敌意，比如加州的华人和中世纪欧洲的犹太人
[ 010 ]
Such variations ( in size , shape , chemistry , conduction speed , excitation threshold , and like ) ( as had been demostrated in nerve cells ) remained negligible / in significance / / for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience . /
variation n. 变异;(数量、水平等的)变化;变更;变异的东西;变种;变体;变奏;变奏曲
excitation n. 励磁;激发，兴奋
threshold n. 门槛;门口;阈;界;起始点;开端;起点;入门
remained v. 仍然是;保持不变;剩余;遗留;继续存在;仍需去做 remain的过去分词和过去式
negligible adj. 可以忽略不计的;微不足道的;不重要的;不值一提的
significance n. 意义;(尤指对将来有影响的)重要性;意思;含义
correlation n. 相关性;相关;关联;相互关系
manifold adj. 繁多的;多种多样的，许多种类的;真有多种形式
( 神经细胞中所显示出的 ) ( 在诸如大小，形状，化学构成，传导速度，兴奋阈值以及其他类似方面的 ) 差异，对于解释建立大脑体验的诸多方面与神经细胞的可能的联系来说，意义仍然微不足道
