1. 前言

之前说了m_map的下载、安装与基本使用（Matlab下地形图绘图包m_map安装与使用），以及晕渲地形图的绘制（m_map绘制晕渲（shaded relief）地形图），现在再说一下高分辨率海岸线、国界线与河流的绘制。

2. 安装

高分辨率地形和海岸线数据的安装已经在Matlab下地形图绘图包m_map安装与使用中说的比较详细了，这里不再赘述。

3. 参数设置

可以打开m_gshhs函数查看具体设置。

>> help m_gshhsm_gshhs Add a coastline to a given map using the Global Self-consistant Hierarchical High-resolution Shorelines, Rivers, and Bordersm_gshhs(RES, (standard line option,...,...) ) draws the coastlineriver network, or borders as  simple lines.m_gshhs(RES,'patch' ( ,standard patch options,...,...) ) draws the coastline as a number of patches (rivers and borders are notarranged so patches can be drawn).m_gshhs(RES,'save',FILENAME) saves the extracted coastline datafor the current projection in a file FILENAME. This allows speedier replotting using M_USERCOAST(FILENAME). RES: A one-char string (optionally 2 or 3)First char: resolution - one of'c'  crude'l'  low'i'  intermediate'h'  high'f'  fullSecond char: type - one of'c' GSHHS coastline (default)'b' WDB Border'r' WDB RiverThird char - if 2nd char is 'b':'1' Country borders'2' State/Province and Country borders- if 2nd char is 'r': '1','2','3','4' add successively more tributaries(also maintained is this optional format:RES - selections resolution1  or 'crude'	2  or 'low'  	3  or 'intermediate'  4  or 'high' 	5  or 'full  	but please don't use this).See also m_proj, m_grid, m_coast, m_gshhs_l, m_gshhs_h, m_gshhs_c m_usercoast

这里简要说一下用法。

c、b、r分别表示海岸线，国界线与河流
c、l、i、h、f 分别表示粗糙/低/中/高/满分辨率
具体使用时，c/b/r与 c/l/i/h/f 二者组合使用。

m_gshhs('lc','patch','k'); % 低分辨率海岸线，陆地填充：黑色
m_gshhs('ib’,’color','k'); % 中分辨率国界线，黑色
m_gshhs('fr','color','b'); % 满分辨率河流，蓝色

4. 实例说明

下面在m_map绘制晕渲（shaded relief）地形图的基础上说一下河流与国界线的添加。

4.1 例1

在晕渲图上只添加灰色的中等分辨率的海岸线。

figname='gshhs1';
figure
m_proj('mercator','long',[96 114],'lat',[10 24]);caxis([-4000 4000]) 
% %caxis要放在colormap之前，colormap要放在m_shadedrelief之前
colormap([m_colmap('blue',200);m_colmap('gland',200)])
hc=colorbar;
set(get(hc,'title'),'string','Elevation(m)')m_etopo2('shadedrelief','lightangle',45);m_gshhs('ic','color',[.5 .5 .5])m_grid('box','fancy','tickdir','in','gridlines','no','fontsize',12)set(gcf,'position',[100 100 800 600])
print('-dpng','-r400',[figname,'.png'])

在这里插入图片描述

4.2 例2

再添加中等分辨率的河流，分支参数设置为1

figname='gshhs2';
figure
m_proj('mercator','long',[96 114],'lat',[10 24]);caxis([-4000 4000]) 
% %caxis要放在colormap之前，colormap要放在m_shadedrelief之前
colormap([m_colmap('blue',200);m_colmap('gland',200)])
hc=colorbar;
set(get(hc,'title'),'string','Elevation(m)')m_etopo2('shadedrelief','lightangle',45);m_gshhs('ic','color',[.5 .5 .5])
m_gshhs('ir1','color','b')m_grid('box','fancy','tickdir','in','gridlines','no','fontsize',12)set(gcf,'position',[100 100 800 600])
print('-dpng','-r400',[figname,'.png'])

在这里插入图片描述

4.3 例3

添加中等分辨率的河流，分支参数设置为2

%%
figname='gshhs3';
figure
m_proj('mercator','long',[96 114],'lat',[10 24]);caxis([-4000 4000]) 
% %caxis要放在colormap之前，colormap要放在m_shadedrelief之前
colormap([m_colmap('blue',200);m_colmap('gland',200)])
hc=colorbar;
set(get(hc,'title'),'string','Elevation(m)')m_etopo2('shadedrelief','lightangle',45);m_gshhs('ic','color',[.5 .5 .5])
m_gshhs('ir2','color','b')m_grid('box','fancy','tickdir','in','gridlines','no','fontsize',12)set(gcf,'position',[100 100 800 600])
print('-dpng','-r400',[figname,'.png'])

在这里插入图片描述

4.4 例4

添加中等分辨率的河流，分支参数设置为3

figname='gshhs4';
figure
m_proj('mercator','long',[96 114],'lat',[10 24]);caxis([-4000 4000]) 
% %caxis要放在colormap之前，colormap要放在m_shadedrelief之前
colormap([m_colmap('blue',200);m_colmap('gland',200)])
hc=colorbar;
set(get(hc,'title'),'string','Elevation(m)')m_etopo2('shadedrelief','lightangle',45);m_gshhs('ic','color',[.5 .5 .5])
m_gshhs('ir3','color','b')m_grid('box','fancy','tickdir','in','gridlines','no','fontsize',12)set(gcf,'position',[100 100 800 600])

在这里插入图片描述

4.5 例5

添加中等分辨率的河流，分支参数设置为3，添加中等分辨率国界线

figname='gshhs5';
figure
m_proj('mercator','long',[96 114],'lat',[10 24]);caxis([-4000 4000]) 
% %caxis要放在colormap之前，colormap要放在m_shadedrelief之前
colormap([m_colmap('blue',200);m_colmap('gland',200)])
hc=colorbar;
set(get(hc,'title'),'string','Elevation(m)')m_etopo2('shadedrelief','lightangle',45);m_gshhs('ic','color',[.5 .5 .5])
m_gshhs('ir3','color','b')
m_gshhs('ib','color','k','linewid',1.5)m_grid('box','fancy','tickdir','in','gridlines','no','fontsize',12)set(gcf,'position',[100 100 800 600])
print('-dpng','-r400',[figname,'.png'])

在这里插入图片描述

4.6 例6

添加中等分辨率的河流，分支参数设置为2，添加中等分辨率国界线

figname='gshhs6';
figure
m_proj('mercator','long',[96 114],'lat',[10 24]);caxis([-4000 4000]) 
% %caxis要放在colormap之前，colormap要放在m_shadedrelief之前
colormap([m_colmap('blue',200);m_colmap('gland',200)])
hc=colorbar;
set(get(hc,'title'),'string','Elevation(m)')m_etopo2('shadedrelief','lightangle',45);m_gshhs('ic','color',[.5 .5 .5])
m_gshhs('ir2','color','b')
m_gshhs('ib','color','k','linewid',1.5)m_grid('box','fancy','tickdir','in','gridlines','no','fontsize',12)set(gcf,'position',[100 100 800 600])
print('-dpng','-r400',[figname,'.png'])