【每日学点HarmonyOS Next知识】拖拽调整列表顺序、tab回弹、自定义弹窗this、状态变量修饰枚举

1、HarmonyOS 功能实现（拖拽调整列表顺序）？

可参考：

import curves from '@ohos.curves';
import Curves from '@ohos.curves'@Entry
@Component
struct ListItemExample {@State private arr: number[] = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]@State dragItem: number = -1@State scaleItem: number = -1@State neighborItem: number = -1@State neighborScale: number = -1private dragRefOffset: number = 0@State offsetX: number = 0@State offsetY: number = 0private ITEM_INTV: number = 120scaleSelect(item: number): number {if (this.scaleItem == item) {return 1.05} else if (this.neighborItem == item) {return this.neighborScale} else {return 1}}itemMove(index: number, newIndex: number): void {let tmp = this.arr.splice(index, 1)this.arr.splice(newIndex, 0, tmp[0])}build() {Stack() {List({ space: 20, initialIndex: 0 }) {ForEach(this.arr, (item: number) => {ListItem() {Text('' + item).width('100%').height(100).fontSize(16).textAlign(TextAlign.Center).borderRadius(10).backgroundColor(0xFFFFFF).shadow(this.scaleItem == item ? { radius: 70, color: '#15000000', offsetX: 0, offsetY: 0 } :{ radius: 0, color: '#15000000', offsetX: 0, offsetY: 0 }).animation({ curve: Curve.Sharp, duration: 300 })}.margin({ left: 12, right: 12 }).scale({ x: this.scaleSelect(item), y: this.scaleSelect(item) }).zIndex(this.dragItem == item ? 1 : 0).translate(this.dragItem == item ? { y: this.offsetY } : { y: 0 }).gesture(// 以下组合手势为顺序识别，当长按手势事件未正常触发时则不会触发拖动手势事件GestureGroup(GestureMode.Sequence,LongPressGesture({ repeat: true }).onAction((event?: GestureEvent) => {animateTo({ curve: Curve.Friction, duration: 300 }, () => {this.scaleItem = item})}).onActionEnd(() => {animateTo({ curve: Curve.Friction, duration: 300 }, () => {this.scaleItem = -1})}),PanGesture({ fingers: 1, direction: null, distance: 0 }).onActionStart(() => {this.dragItem = itemthis.dragRefOffset = 0}).onActionUpdate((event: GestureEvent) => {this.offsetY = event.offsetY - this.dragRefOffset// console.log('Y:' + this.offsetY.toString())this.neighborItem = -1let index = this.arr.indexOf(item)let curveValue = Curves.initCurve(Curve.Sharp)let value: number = 0//根据位移计算相邻项的缩放if (this.offsetY < 0) {value = curveValue.interpolate(-this.offsetY / this.ITEM_INTV)this.neighborItem = this.arr[index-1]this.neighborScale = 1 - value / 20;console.log('neighborScale:' + this.neighborScale.toString())} else if (this.offsetY > 0) {value = curveValue.interpolate(this.offsetY / this.ITEM_INTV)this.neighborItem = this.arr[index+1]this.neighborScale = 1 - value / 20;}//根据位移交换排序if (this.offsetY > this.ITEM_INTV / 2) {animateTo({ curve: curves.interpolatingSpring(0, 1, 400, 38) }, () => {this.offsetY -= this.ITEM_INTVthis.dragRefOffset += this.ITEM_INTVthis.itemMove(index, index + 1)})} else if (this.offsetY < -this.ITEM_INTV / 2) {animateTo({ curve: curves.interpolatingSpring(0, 1, 400, 38) }, () => {this.offsetY += this.ITEM_INTVthis.dragRefOffset -= this.ITEM_INTVthis.itemMove(index, index - 1)})}}).onActionEnd((event: GestureEvent) => {animateTo({ curve: curves.interpolatingSpring(0, 1, 400, 38) }, () => {this.dragItem = -1this.neighborItem = -1})animateTo({curve: curves.interpolatingSpring(14, 1, 170, 17), delay: 150}, () => {this.scaleItem = -1})})).onCancel(() => {animateTo({ curve: curves.interpolatingSpring(0, 1, 400, 38) }, () => {this.dragItem = -1this.neighborItem = -1})animateTo({curve: curves.interpolatingSpring(14, 1, 170, 17), delay: 150}, () => {this.scaleItem = -1})}))}, (item: number) => item.toString())}}.width('100%').height('100%').backgroundColor(0xDCDCDC).padding({ top: 5 })}}

2、HarmonyOS tab组件滑到最后一个index的时候，可以关闭回弹效果吗？

tab组件滑倒最后一个index的时候，可以关闭回弹效果吗

边缘tab继续滑动可以通过给TabContent添加手势进行限制。参考方案如下：最左侧的TabContent添加.gesture(PanGesture(new PanGestureOptions({ direction: PanDirection.Right })))，限制组件内置的右滑动。最右侧的TabContent添加.gesture(PanGesture(new PanGestureOptions({ direction: PanDirection.Left })))，限制组件内置的左滑动。参考demo:

@Entry
@Component
struct TabsExample {private controller: TabsController = new TabsController();build() {Column() {Tabs({ barPosition: BarPosition.Start, controller: this.controller }) {TabContent() {Column().width('100%').height('100%').backgroundColor(Color.Green)}.tabBar('green').gesture(PanGesture(new PanGestureOptions({ direction: PanDirection.Right })))TabContent() {Column().width('100%').height('100%').backgroundColor(Color.Blue)}.tabBar('blue').gesture(PanGesture(new PanGestureOptions({ direction: PanDirection.Left })))// ...}.barMode(BarMode.Scrollable).barWidth('100%').barHeight(60).width('100%').height('100%').backgroundColor(0xF5F5F5)}}
}

3、HarmonyOS 自定义弹窗是否可以不绑定 this ?

可以尝试将弹窗设置成全局，可以不使用this

自定义弹窗不需要绑定this

4、HarmonyOS @State 是不是不能修饰枚举？

@State 是不是不能修饰枚举？修饰了枚举会报错：[nodict][page_router_manager.cpp(LoadPage)-(100000:100000:scope)] Update RootComponent Failed or LoadNamedRouter Failed

在ArkTS中，不支持使用declare关键字修饰类。这意味着如果在struct页面中创建了使用declare关键字修饰的类，可能会导致一些问题，包括@State修饰的枚举报错。具体原因如下：

不支持declare关键字：ArkTS不支持使用declare关键字定义类。这是因为declare关键字主要用于声明变量或类型，而不是定义类。因此，如果你在struct页面中使用declare关键字定义类，会导致编译错误。
@State修饰枚举报错：由于类使用了declare关键字，导致类的定义不符合ArkTS的规范，从而引发编译错误。这可能会影响其他依赖该类的代码，包括使用@State修饰的枚举。

5、HarmonyOS loading 跨页面实现方式?

可以在页面转换时加入一个闪屏页实现，通过router.replaceUrl用需要切换的页面替换这个闪屏页实现，如：

@Entry
@Component
export struct LoadingPage {@Prop flag: boolean;build() {Row() {LoadingProgress().color(Color.White).width(50).height(50)}.height(this.flag ? '100%' : 0).width('100%').position({ x: 0, y: 0 }).backgroundColor('#4D000000').justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)}
}

replaceUrl参考文档：https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references-V5/js-apis-router-V5