本次给大家整理的是《Sustainable Cities and Society》杂志2024年10月第113期的论文的题目和摘要，一共包括79篇SCI论文！由于论文过多，我们将通过两篇文章进行介绍，本篇文章介绍第1--第30篇论文!
论文1
Urban tree cover provides consistent mitigation of extreme heat in arid but not humid cities
城市树木覆盖能够持续缓解干旱城市的极端热量，但对潮湿城市则无效
【摘要】
Urban land cover types influence the urban microclimates. However, recent work indicates the magnitude of land cover's microclimate influence is affected by aridity. Moreover, this variation in cooling and warming potentials of urban land cover types can substantially alter the exposure of urban areas to extreme heat. Our goal is to understand both the relative influences of urban land cover on local air temperature, as well as how these influences vary during periods of extreme heat. To do so we apply predictive machine learning models to an extensive in-situ microclimate and 1 m land cover dataset across eight U.S. cities spanning a wide aridity gradient during typical and extreme heat conditions. We demonstrate how the cooling influence of tree canopy and the warming influence of buildings on microclimate linearly scales with regional aridity, while the influence of turf and impervious surfaces does not. These interactions lead tree canopy to consistently mitigate to air temperature increases during periods extreme heat in arid cities, while the influence of urban tree canopy on extreme heat in humid regions is varied, suggesting that mitigation is possible, but tree canopy can also aggravate extreme heat or have no significant effect.
【摘要翻译】
城市土地覆盖类型会影响城市微气候。然而，最近的研究表明，土地覆盖对微气候影响的强度受干旱程度的影响。此外，城市土地覆盖类型在降温和升温潜力上的差异，可能会显著改变城市区域对极端高温的暴露情况。我们的目标是了解城市土地覆盖对局部气温的相对影响，以及这些影响在极端高温期间如何变化。为此，我们在横跨干旱梯度的八个美国城市中，利用广泛的现场微气候数据和 1 米分辨率的土地覆盖数据，应用了预测性机器学习模型，分析了在典型和极端高温条件下的影响。研究表明，树冠的降温效应和建筑物的升温效应与区域干旱程度呈线性关系，而草坪和不透水表面的影响则没有这种关联。这些互动导致在干旱城市中，树冠能持续缓解极端高温期间的气温上升，而在湿润地区，城市树冠对极端高温的影响有所不同，表明虽然树冠可能具备缓解作用，但在某些情况下也可能加剧极端高温，或没有显著影响。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105677
【作者信息】
Peter C. Ibsen, 美国地质调查局，地球科学与环境变化科学中心，美国科罗拉多州莱克伍德，pibsen@usgs.gov
Benjamin R. Crawford, 科罗拉多大学丹佛分校，地理与环境科学系，美国科罗拉多州丹佛
Lucila M. Corro, 美国地质调查局，地球科学与环境变化科学中心，美国科罗拉多州莱克伍德
Kenneth J. Bagstad, 美国地质调查局，地球科学与环境变化科学中心，美国科罗拉多州莱克伍德
Brandon E. McNellis, 美国农业部森林服务局，太平洋岛屿林业研究所，美国夏威夷希洛
George D. Jenerette, 加利福尼亚大学河滨分校，植物学与植物科学系，美国加利福尼亚州河滨市
Jay E. Diffendorfer，美国地质调查局，地球科学与环境变化科学中心，美国科罗拉多州莱克伍德
论文2
Exploring the gradient impact of climate and economic geographical factors on city-level building carbon emissions in China: Characteristics and enlightenments
探索气候和经济地理因素对中国城市层面建筑碳排放的梯度影响：特征与启示
【摘要】
Due to its vast territory, the climatic conditions and socioeconomic development of different regions in China are closely related to geographical location, and their impact on city-level building carbon emissions (BCEs) shows significant spatial differences. Ignoring this difference will hinder the building sector from achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. This study integrates climate and economic factors into a unified analysis framework from a geographical perspective, uses the global regression model ordinary least squares (OLS), local regression models geographically weighted regression (GWR) and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) for comparative verification, and explores the gradient impact of China's climate and economic geographical factors on city-level BCEs. Furthermore, BCE reduction policy recommendations for different regions are proposed. The model comparison results show that the effect obtained when using the global regression model to analyze influencing factors related to geographical location may be biased. The local MGWR results show that the impacts of climate geographical factors heating degree days (HDD) and cooling degree days (CDD) on city-level BCEs have obvious north‒south gradient characteristics, while the impacts of economic geographical factors population (P), tertiary industry GDP (GDP3), urbanization rate (UR) and floor area (FR) on city-level BCEs show obvious gradient decreasing characteristics from northeast to southwest. These gradient characteristics cannot be ignored when promoting building carbon emission reduction work. This study expands and deepens the driving mechanism of BCEs and provides a reference for formulating building carbon emission reduction policies based on local conditions.
【摘要翻译】
由于中国幅员辽阔，不同地区的气候条件和社会经济发展与地理位置密切相关，其对城市层面建筑碳排放（BCEs）的影响表现出显著的空间差异。忽视这种差异将阻碍建筑部门实现碳峰值和碳中和目标。本研究从地理学视角将气候和经济因素整合到统一的分析框架中，使用全球回归模型普通最小二乘法（OLS）、局部回归模型地理加权回归（GWR）和多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR）进行对比验证，探讨了中国气候和经济地理因素对城市层面BCEs的梯度影响。此外，提出了针对不同地区的BCE减排政策建议。模型比较结果表明，使用全球回归模型分析与地理位置相关的影响因素可能存在偏差。局部MGWR结果显示，气候地理因素中的采暖度日数（HDD）和制冷度日数（CDD）对城市层面BCEs的影响具有明显的南北梯度特征，而经济地理因素中的人口（P）、第三产业GDP（GDP3）、城市化率（UR）和建筑面积（FR）对城市层面BCEs的影响则呈现出从东北到西南梯度递减的特征。在推动建筑碳排放减排工作时，这些梯度特征不容忽视。本研究拓展和深化了BCEs的驱动机制，并为基于当地条件制定建筑碳排放减排政策提供了参考。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105637
【作者翻译】
Rui Li，重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院，中国重庆 400044
Yanhui Yu, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院，中国重庆 400044
Weiguang Cai，重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院，中国重庆 400044, wgcai@cqu.edu.cn
Yuan Liu, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院，中国重庆 400044
Yan Li，重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院，中国重庆 400044
论文3
Spatial correlation network structure of carbon emission reduction capacity on urban agglomerations and its driving factors: A perspective of Sustainable Development Goals
城市群碳减排能力的空间相关网络结构及其驱动因素：可持续发展目标的视角
【摘要】
Sustainable Development Goal 7 and Goal 13 are important for evaluating carbon emission reduction capacity in urban agglomerations. Exploring the spatial correlation network structures of carbon emission reduction capacity can help synergize carbon reduction actions between cities. Existing research regarding the urban agglomerations to address carbon emission reduction goals has neglected both coordination with Sustainable Development Goals and the impact of spatial correlation network structures. Based on Sustainable Development Goals, an evaluation system of carbon emission reduction capacity is constructed. The characteristics of spatial correlation network structure for carbon emission reduction capacity are described using the social network analysis method. Its driving factors are described using the quadratic assignment procedure method. The Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration in China is used for validation. The spatial distribution of carbon emission reduction capacity in urban agglomerations is significantly unbalanced, and the spatial correlation network structure follows a stable core-edge pattern. Factors such as differences in technological level, economic level affect the formation of the spatial correlation, but the differences in urbanization level have no significant impact. Countermeasures are proposed to provide a scientific basis for the collaborative management of carbon emission reduction in urban agglomerations.
【摘要翻译】
可持续发展目标 7 和目标 13 对评估城市群的碳减排能力至关重要。探索碳减排能力的空间相关网络结构有助于城市之间的碳减排行动协同。现有研究在解决城市群的碳减排目标时，忽视了与可持续发展目标的协调以及空间相关网络结构的影响。基于可持续发展目标，构建了碳减排能力的评估体系。利用社会网络分析方法描述碳减排能力的空间相关网络结构特征，并使用二次分配程序方法描述其驱动因素。以中国关中平原城市群作为验证。研究表明，城市群碳减排能力的空间分布显著不均衡，空间相关网络结构呈现稳定的核心-边缘模式。技术水平和经济水平的差异影响空间相关的形成，但城市化水平的差异对其没有显著影响。提出了相应对策，以为城市群碳减排的协同管理提供科学依据。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105646
【作者翻译】Yi Yang, 西安理工大学经济与管理学院，中国西安 710054
Xiaoyuan Su，西安理工大学经济与管理学院，中国西安 710054
论文4
Decarbonizing cities through electrification: A strategic study for densely built residential districts in Southern Italy
通过电气化实现城市脱碳：意大利南部高密度住宅区的战略研究
【摘要】
This paper presents a strategic analysis of the potential for energy savings and decarbonization in a densely built residential district through the synergistic implementation of electrification and building retrofitting measures. The study specifically focuses on the energy performance achievable when completely electrifying the Heating, Cooling, and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) services of a densely built urban district in Catania (Italy), including more than 200 residential buildings. The research thus models the district's energy systems to assess the impact of various scenarios, which include individual measures tailored for thermal systems as well as a comprehensive approach that combines full electrification, on-site renewable energy integration and building envelope retrofitting. The findings underline the effectiveness of the combined scenario, which results in cancelling natural gas consumption while also reducing by around 57 % the amount of electrical energy purchased from the grid, with a final 70 % decrease in carbon emissions. Of particular relevance is the efficacy of upgrading thermal systems alongside PV system installation, under the hypothesis of creating a stand-alone electric grid for the entire district that can exchange electricity with the existing network when needed. Under these premises, the energy procurement from the electric network can be reduced by 40 %.
【摘要翻译】
本文通过协同实施电气化和建筑改造措施，对密集建成的住宅区节能和脱碳的潜力进行了战略分析。研究重点是完全电气化供暖、制冷和生活热水（DHW）服务时，在意大利卡塔尼亚一个包含200多座住宅建筑的密集建成的城市区域中可实现的能源性能。因此，研究对该区域的能源系统进行了建模，评估了包括针对热系统的个体措施以及全面的电气化、现场可再生能源整合和建筑围护结构改造在内的各种情景的影响。研究结果突出了综合方案的有效性，该方案不仅能够完全取消天然气的使用，还能够减少约57%从电网购买的电能量，最终减少约70%的碳排放。特别值得关注的是在安装光伏系统的同时升级热系统的有效性，假设为整个区域创建一个独立的电网，并在需要时与现有网络交换电力。在这种假设下，来自电网的能源采购量可减少40%。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105651
【作者翻译】
Vincenzo Costanzo, 意大利卡塔尼亚大学土木工程与建筑系 (DICAR)，地址：via Santa Sofia 64, 95123, Catania, Italy
Francesco Nocera, 意大利卡塔尼亚大学土木工程与建筑系 (DICAR)，地址：via Santa Sofia 64, 95123, Catania, ItalyMaurizio Detommaso, 意大利卡塔尼亚大学电气电子与计算机工程系 (DIEEI)，地址：via Santa Sofia 64, 95123, Catania, ItalyGianpiero Evola，意大利卡塔尼亚大学电气电子与计算机工程系 (DIEEI)，地址：via Santa Sofia 64, 95123, Catania, Italy
论文5
Quantifying the decarbonization potential of mobile heat battery in low-temperature district heating
量化低温区域集中供热中移动热电池的脱碳潜力
【摘要】
This research assesses the potential of a mobile thermochemical storage system, the mobile heat battery (M-HB), for decarbonizing a low-temperature district heating (DH) system in the Netherlands. The assessment is built on a case study where the M-HB is used to transport waste heat from different sources to a neighborhood interface of a DH system. This case study utilizes a simulation-based methodology to calculate the emissions from grid electricity, DH, and M-HB transport and charging. Building performance simulation is used as the main experimental method in combination with both empirical data and theoretical assumptions. Various system operational strategies and uncertain factors are explored, and waste heat sources are screened by different decarbonization targets. Findings indicate that using the M-HB can reduce the operational carbon emissions by up to 80 %, from approximately 60–70 KgCO2/GJ of the system without M-HB to around 13 KgCO2/GJ in optimal scenarios. Emissions from M-HB transport and charging are identified as more influential to the decarbonization potential than other considered factors, which addresses the significance of choosing proper waste heat sources. Despite some limitations from data availability and assumptions, this work identifies both opportunities and challenges for using M-HB to decarbonize DH systems.
【摘要翻译】
本研究评估了一种移动热化学储能系统——移动热电池（M-HB）在荷兰低温区域供热（DH）系统中实现脱碳的潜力。评估基于一个案例研究，在该研究中，M-HB用于将不同来源的废热运输至区域供热系统的接口。该案例研究采用基于仿真的方法，计算电网电力、区域供热系统以及M-HB运输和充电过程中的碳排放。建筑性能仿真被作为主要实验方法，结合了实测数据和理论假设。研究探索了不同的系统运行策略和不确定因素，并根据不同的脱碳目标筛选了废热源。研究结果表明，使用M-HB可将系统的运行碳排放减少高达80%，从未使用M-HB时的约60-70千克CO2/GJ降至最优情景下的约13千克CO2/GJ。M-HB的运输和充电过程中的排放被认为比其他因素对脱碳潜力的影响更大，这突显了选择合适废热源的重要性。尽管受限于数据可得性和假设，本研究仍识别了利用M-HB为区域供热系统脱碳带来的机遇和挑战。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105657
【作者翻译】
Shuwei Wang, 荷兰埃因霍温理工大学建筑环境系，埃因霍温，荷兰
Pieter-Jan Hoes, 荷兰埃因霍温理工大学建筑环境系，埃因霍温，荷兰
Jan L.M. Hensen, 荷兰埃因霍温理工大学建筑环境系，埃因霍温，荷兰
Olaf C.G. Adan，荷兰埃因霍温理工大学应用物理系，埃因霍温，荷兰；TNO材料解决方案公司，埃因霍温，荷兰
论文6
Cross-national examination of facilitators and hindrances to the public acceptance of hydrogen refuelling facilities
跨国研究氢气加注设施公众接受度的促进因素和障碍
【摘要】
Recognising the factors that shape the public acceptance of hydrogen refuelling facilities is essential for gaining social support for the widespread implementation of hydrogen infrastructure. This study applies a cross-national research perspective to investigate the public acceptance of hydrogen refuelling facilities using stated-preference survey data. Moreover, multidimensional explanatory variables encompassing hydrogen energy awareness levels, hydrogen refuelling station configurations, residential characteristics, car ownership and use, and sociodemographics are used to interpret public acceptance. The data revealed that 21.1 %, 45.5 %, and 31.5 % of the respondents in Japan, Spain, and Norway expressed support for such facilities near their residences, respectively. An important discovery was the validation of nonproportional odds in acceptance measurements across countries, which challenges the conventional assumptions of parallel regression and suggests that distinct behavioural determinants shape positive, negative, and neutral attitudes. Consequently, a generalised ordinal logistic regression approach was applied to identify the determinants of varying acceptance levels and mitigate the biases from nonproportional odds. In addition to identifying facilitators and hindrances, the results highlight several predictors with polarising effects. These findings provide public feedback for enhancing the planning of hydrogen infrastructure and offer potential pathways for hydrogen risk communication and policymaking.
【摘要翻译】
识别影响公众接受氢燃料加注设施的因素对于赢得社会对氢能基础设施广泛实施的支持至关重要。本研究采用跨国研究视角，使用陈述偏好调查数据来调查公众对氢燃料加注设施的接受度。此外，还使用多维解释变量，包括氢能认知水平、加氢站配置、居住特征、汽车拥有量和使用情况以及社会人口学特征来解释公众接受度。数据显示，在日本、西班牙和挪威，分别有21.1%、45.5%和31.5%的受访者支持在其居住地附近建设加氢设施。一个重要的发现是各国接受度测量中的非比例性差异得到了验证，这挑战了传统的平行回归假设，并表明不同的行为决定因素影响了正面、负面和中立态度。因此，研究采用了广义有序逻辑回归方法，以识别不同接受度水平的决定因素，并减轻非比例性差异带来的偏差。除了识别出促进因素和阻碍因素外，结果还强调了几个具有极化效应的预测因素。这些研究结果为优化氢能基础设施规划提供了公众反馈，并为氢能风险沟通和政策制定提供了潜在路径。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105653
【作者翻译】
Ning Huan, 名古屋大学材料与系统可持续性研究所，日本名古屋，464-8603
Toshiyuki Yamamoto, 名古屋大学材料与系统可持续性研究所，日本名古屋，464-8603
Hitomi Sato, 名古屋大学未来社会创新研究所，日本名古屋，464-8603
Roser Sala, 技术与社会研究中心，能源、环境与技术研究中心 (CIEMAT)，巴塞罗那自治大学，西班牙巴塞罗那，08193
Dimitrios Tzioutzios, 挪威科技大学 (NTNU) 机械与工业工程系，挪威特隆赫姆，7034
Lila Goncalves, 技术与社会研究中心，能源、环境与技术研究中心 (CIEMAT)，巴塞罗那自治大学，西班牙巴塞罗那，08193
Nicola Paltrinieri，挪威科技大学 (NTNU) 机械与工业工程系，挪威特隆赫姆，7034
论文7
Quantifying weather-induced unreliable public transportation service in cold regions under future climate model scenarios
量化未来气候模型情景下寒冷地区天气引起的不可靠公共交通服务
【摘要】
Climate change, particularly in cold regions, significantly challenges public transportation systems. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of weather patterns and public transit reliability in the context of climate change impacts. Leveraging advanced modeling techniques, including a ridge regression model for snow water equivalent data estimation and a long short-term memory (LSTM) based on recurrent neural network, the study aims to assess the reliability trends of the rapid transit system under various climate scenarios. The findings reveal that climate change in general increases weather-related delays in the Toronto transit system. The number of short delays decreased accordingly due to changes in winter temperatures but exacerbated long delays as the number of weather extremes increased. The LSTM model performed effectively in predicting delays, especially for the rapid transit system sensitive to weather variations. This study emphasizes the need for robust planning and interventions to increase the resilience of transit systems against climate change and highlights the importance of the integration of climate and extreme weather considerations into transportation management.
【摘要翻译】
气候变化，尤其是在寒冷地区，对公共交通系统构成了重大挑战。本研究对气候变化影响下的天气模式与公共交通可靠性进行了全面分析。研究利用了先进的建模技术，包括用于估算雪水当量数据的岭回归模型和基于循环神经网络的长短期记忆（LSTM）模型，旨在评估各种气候情景下快速交通系统的可靠性趋势。研究结果表明，气候变化总体上增加了多伦多交通系统的与天气相关的延误。由于冬季气温的变化，短时延误数量有所减少，但随着极端天气事件的增加，长期延误问题加剧。LSTM模型在预测延误方面表现出色，特别是对敏感于天气变化的快速交通系统。本研究强调了规划和干预措施的重要性，以增强交通系统应对气候变化的韧性，并指出将气候和极端天气因素整合到交通管理中的必要性。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105660
【作者翻译】
Xuelin Tian, 加拿大蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学建筑、土木与环境工程系，邮编：H3G 1M8
Chen Lu, 意大利的阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆国际理论物理中心（ICTP）地球系统物理部
Ziyang Song, 加拿大蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学计算机科学学院，邮编：H3A 2A7
Chunjiang An, 加拿大蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学建筑、土木与环境工程系，邮编：H3G 1M8
Shuyan Wan, 加拿大蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学建筑、土木与环境工程系，邮编：H3G 1M8
He Peng, 加拿大蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学建筑、土木与环境工程系，邮编：H3G 1M8
Qi Feng, 加拿大蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学建筑、土木与环境工程系，邮编：H3G 1M8
Zhikun Chen，加拿大蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学建筑、土木与环境工程系，邮编：H3G 1M8
论文8
Learning-aided distributionally robust optimization of DC distribution network with buildings to the grid
学习辅助的分布鲁棒优化在建筑与电网连接的直流配电网络中的应用
【摘要】
The large-scale integration of distributed resources in flexible direct current (DC) distribution networks with buildings to the grid presents challenges. These networks can be combined with distributed photovoltaic (PV), energy storage systems (ESS), and DC distribution systems within a single building and realize a flexible energy operation. The distributionally robust optimization (DRO) model, economically efficient and robust, stands out for managing the uncertainty of distributed resources. However, the conventional DRO physical model of DC distribution systems proves inefficient, struggling to meet the demands of stable and economically viable operations of the current DC distribution system. Therefore, we propose a DRO scheduling method for DC distribution systems with buildings to the grid assisted by deep learning. This novel approach replaces the iterative solution process of conventional scenario-based DRO physical models with a deep learning method. By directly predicting the worst probability distribution of typical scenarios, the original DRO model is transformed into a single-level stochastic programming model, significantly enhancing the model’s solution efficiency. The effectiveness of our approach is validated through simulations conducted on a 33-node DC distribution network with buildings to the grid, demonstrating improved solving efficiency and calculation accuracy compared with conventional methods.
【摘要翻译】
大规模集成分布式资源至与建筑物相连的柔性直流（DC）配电网络带来了诸多挑战。这些网络可以将分布式光伏发电（PV）、储能系统（ESS）和单体建筑内的直流配电系统相结合，实现灵活的能源运行管理。分布式资源的不确定性管理中，分布鲁棒优化（DRO）模型因其经济高效且具鲁棒性而备受关注。然而，传统的基于DRO的直流配电系统物理模型在应对当前直流配电系统稳定且经济可行的运行需求时表现出低效性。因此，我们提出了一种基于深度学习的DRO调度方法，用于与建筑相连的直流配电系统。该创新方法利用深度学习替代了传统基于场景的DRO物理模型中的迭代求解过程，直接预测典型场景的最坏概率分布，将原有的DRO模型转化为单层随机规划模型，显著提高了解决效率。通过在一个33节点的建筑物接入电网的直流配电网络上进行仿真验证，我们的方法在解决效率和计算精度方面相比传统方法取得了显著提升。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105649
【作者翻译】
Zhinong Wei, 河海大学电气与动力工程学院，中国南京，邮编：211100
Hao Xu, 河海大学电气与动力工程学院，中国南京，邮编：211100
Sheng Chen, 河海大学电气与动力工程学院，中国南京，邮编：211100，chenshenghhu@163.com
Guoqiang Sun, 河海大学电气与动力工程学院，中国南京，邮编：211100
Yizhou Zhou，河海大学电气与动力工程学院，中国南京，邮编：211100
论文9
The potential of processed mineral construction and demolition waste to increase the water capacity of urban tree substrates - A pilot scale study in Munich
处理过的建筑与拆除废物在提高城市树木基质水分能力方面的潜力——慕尼黑的试点研究
【摘要】
Construction and demolition waste (CDW) represents one of the most significant waste streams worldwide. Due to a high brick content, CDW amended soil substrates are expected to improve water retention, benefitting urban trees.In this two-year field study evaluating the effects of CDW on the water holding capacities of urban tree substrates, six substrate mixtures are tested. Three test substrates contained a standard CDW mixture with 30 % and three 60 % bricks. Soil water contents were monitored and plant available water contents (PAWC) were analysed. From soil water contents and PAWC, the relative extractable water contents (REW), and subsequently the number of days with REW < 40 % and water stress intensity (WSI) are calculated.
The substrates with enhanced brick content showed higher PAWC. However, the effect of brick on PAWC was only significant at a minimum of 30 % bricks in the substrate. Pore size distribution of the brick fraction confirmed the assumed relationship between addition of brick and increased PAWC. Substrates with an enhanced brick content showed reduced numbers of days with REW < 40 % and a reduction in WSI.Our findings demonstrate that CDW has potential to foster water holding capacities of urban tree substrates.
【摘要翻译】
建筑和拆除废料（CDW）是全球最重要的废物流之一。由于含有大量砖块，使用CDW改良的土壤基质预计能提高水分保持能力，从而为城市树木带来益处。在这项为期两年的实地研究中，我们评估了CDW对城市树木基质水分保持能力的影响，测试了六种基质混合物。三种测试基质包含30%的标准CDW混合物，另外三种则包含60%的砖块成分。我们监测了土壤含水量，并分析了植物可利用水分含量（PAWC）。基于土壤含水量和PAWC，计算了相对可提取水分含量（REW），以及REW < 40% 的天数和水分胁迫强度（WSI）。含砖量增加的基质表现出更高的PAWC。然而，砖块对PAWC的影响仅在基质中至少含有30%砖块时显著。砖块部分的孔径分布证实了添加砖块与PAWC增加之间的假设关系。砖块含量增加的基质减少了REW < 40%的天数，并降低了WSI。我们的研究结果表明，CDW在提升城市树木基质的水分保持能力方面具有潜力。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105661
【作者翻译】
Sebastian Knoll, Johannes Prügl 土壤研究所，Moosburger Str. 5，84072 Au i. d. Hallertau，德国；慕尼黑工业大学城市水系统工程教席，Am Coulombwall 3，85748 Garching，德国
Simon Mindermann, 巴伐利亚州文物保护办公室，Hofgraben 4，80539 慕尼黑，德国
Lauren Porter, 慕尼黑工业大学生命科学学院土壤科学教席，Emil-Ramann-Str. 2，85354 Freising，德国；TUM 城市生产生态系统工作组，Hans-Carl-v.-Carlowitz-Platz 2，85354 Freising，德国
Stephan Pauleit, 慕尼黑工业大学生命科学学院战略景观规划与管理教席，Emil-Ramann-Str. 6，85354 Freising，德国
Swantje Duthweiler, 魏恩施蒂芬-特里斯多夫应用科技大学，Am Staudengarten 7，85354 Freising，德国
Johannes Prügl, Johannes Prügl 土壤研究所，Moosburger Str. 5，84072 Au i. d. Hallertau，德国
Brigitte Helmreich，慕尼黑工业大学城市水系统工程教席，Am Coulombwall 3，85748 Garching，德国
论文10
Evaluating cooling effect of blue-green infrastructure on urban thermal environment in a metropolitan city: Using geospatial and machine learning techniques
评估蓝绿基础设施对大城市热环境的降温效果：使用地理空间和机器学习技术
【摘要】
Urban blue-green infrastructures (BGIs) have a considerable cooling effect, reducing the urban heat island effect. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the cooling effects of BGIs and role of the influencing factors on urban thermal environment in Kolkata city, which is one of the largest mega cities of India. An integrated radius and non-linear regression approach was used to determine the maximum distance over which cooling is effective. Further, the relationship between cooling effects of BGIs and influencing factors was analysed using Random Forest based Explainable artificial intelligence model. The result shows that for most of the BGIs, the range of maximum cooling distance varies from 210 to 240 m from the boundary of BGIs. The average PCA value ranges from 6.12 to 16.77 hectares and PCE value ranges from 1.62 to 2.87 depending of BGIs. The results of PCA, PCE and maximum cooling distance indicate that the spatial configurations of BGIs and landscape pattern within and surrounding of BGIs sites strongly influence the cooling effects. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for the policymakers and urban planner about the intervention of blue-green infrastructures for the better urban environmental conditions and heat mitigation in mega cities and other urban areas.
【摘要翻译】
城市蓝绿基础设施（BGIs）对降低城市热岛效应有显著的降温效果。因此，本研究旨在评估BGIs的降温效应及其对加尔各答市（印度最大的大都市之一）城市热环境的影响因素作用。研究采用了综合半径和非线性回归的方法，确定了降温有效的最大距离。此外，利用基于随机森林的可解释人工智能模型，分析了BGIs降温效应与影响因素之间的关系。结果显示，大多数BGIs的最大降温距离范围为从其边界向外延伸210至240米不等。平均PCA（面积主成分分析）值为6.12至16.77公顷，PCE（面积主成分效应）值为1.62至2.87，具体取决于BGIs类型。PCA、PCE及最大降温距离的结果表明，BGIs的空间配置以及BGIs内部及周围的景观格局对其降温效果有着显著影响。本研究成果为政策制定者和城市规划师提供了宝贵的见解，帮助他们通过蓝绿基础设施干预措施，改善大城市及其他城市地区的环境状况及热量缓解问题。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105666
【作者翻译】
Md Rejaul Islam, 印度新德里贾米亚米利亚伊斯兰大学理学院地理系，邮编110025
Shahfahad,印度新德里贾米亚米利亚伊斯兰大学理学院地理系，邮编110025
Swapan Talukdar, 印度新德里贾米亚米利亚伊斯兰大学理学院地理系，邮编110025；印度西孟加拉邦加尔各答加尔各答大学阿苏托什学院地理系，邮编700 026
Mohd Rihan, 印度新德里贾米亚米利亚伊斯兰大学理学院地理系，邮编110025
Atiqur Rahman，印度新德里贾米亚米利亚伊斯兰大学理学院地理系，邮编110025
论文11
Geospatial modelling of seasonal water and electricity consumption in Doha's residential buildings using multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) and Bootstrap analysis
使用多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR）和自助法分析多哈住宅建筑的季节性水电消耗的地理空间建模
【摘要】
Ensuring sustainable water and electricity consumption in urban residential buildings is a growing challenge worldwide, particularly in rapidly developing regions with harsh climates. This study examines the seasonal variation of water and electricity consumption in residential buildings in Doha, Qatar, exploring the interconnectedness of land use/land cover (LULC) and socio-demographic characteristics with household water and electricity consumption. For this purpose, we employed statistical analysis (i.e. Pearson correlation and Bootstrap analysis) and advanced geostatistical models, including Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR), to analyze and monitor the spatial and seasonal variations of water and electricity consumption. The methods involved assessing the relationship between land surface temperature (LST), household water-electricity consumption, and analyzing the impact of demographic variables. Key findings indicate significant spatiotemporal variations in consumption influenced by changes in LULC and demographic characteristics such as household size and structure. The findings highlight the need for integrated urban planning and energy policies that consider the impacts of LULC and demographic changes to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability in urban settings. Furthermore, the results underscore the importance of addressing the complex interplay between urban development and resource consumption in policy-making.
【摘要翻译】
确保城市住宅建筑中可持续的水电消耗是全球范围内日益增长的挑战，特别是在气候严酷的快速发展地区。本研究探讨了卡塔尔多哈市住宅建筑中水电消耗的季节性变化，分析了土地利用/土地覆被（LULC）与社会人口特征在家庭水电消耗中的相互关联。为此，我们采用了统计分析方法（如皮尔逊相关分析和自助法分析）以及高级地理统计模型，包括地理加权回归（GWR）和多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR），来分析和监测水电消耗的空间和季节变化。这些方法评估了地表温度（LST）与家庭水电消耗的关系，并分析了人口变量的影响。关键结果表明，消费存在显著的时空变化，受LULC变化和人口特征（如家庭规模和结构）影响。这些发现强调了整合城市规划和能源政策的必要性，以应对LULC和人口变化对提高能源效率和可持续性的影响。此外，研究结果凸显了在政策制定过程中解决城市发展与资源消耗之间复杂关系的重要性。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105654
【作者翻译】
Rana Jawarneh, 卡塔尔大学文理学院人文系应用地理与地理信息系统（GIS）项目，卡塔尔
Ammar Abulibdeh，卡塔尔大学文理学院人文系应用地理与地理信息系统（GIS）项目，卡塔尔
论文12
Disparities of compound exposure of particulate matter (PM2.5) and heat index using citywide monitoring networks
使用城市监测网络分析颗粒物（PM2.5）和热指数的复合暴露差异
【摘要】
As epicenters of environmental change, cities face multiple threats from environmental hazards, including poor air quality and extreme heat. The complex features of urban environments, such as varying landscapes and emission sources, significantly affect these phenomena. This study investigated the combined exposure to PM2.5 and extreme heat within Chicago, considering socioeconomic aspects to gage environmental justice issues. This study utilized high-resolution environmental datasets and Random Forest Spatial Interpolation (RFSI) to generate hourly Heat Index and PM2.5 maps at a spatial resolution of 250 m. The RFSI showed robust performance, with cross-validation R2 ranging from 0.78 to 0.98 (air temperature (Ta): 0.98, relative humidity (RH): 0.93, and PM2.5: 0.84) and RMSE from 0.84 to 5.4 (Ta: 1.09, RH: 5.40, and PM2.5: 0.84). With this result, this research visualized the spatial variations in extreme heat, as measured by the Heat Index and PM2.5 levels, and identified areas with critical exposure that are potentially harmful to the health of vulnerable populations. Furthermore, this study found the spatial disparities in exposure linked to socioeconomic factors by conducting a Welch ANOVA test. These findings can inform the development of targeted interventions considering the temporal-spatial disparities of heat and air pollution levels.
【摘要翻译】
作为环境变化的中心，城市面临着包括空气质量差和极端高温在内的多重环境威胁。城市环境的复杂特征，如多样的景观和排放源，显著影响了这些现象。本研究调查了芝加哥地区PM2.5和极端高温的共同暴露情况，并结合社会经济因素评估环境正义问题。研究利用高分辨率的环境数据集和随机森林空间插值法（RFSI）生成了空间分辨率为250米的逐小时热指数和PM2.5地图。RFSI表现出较强的性能，交叉验证的R²值范围为0.78至0.98（气温：0.98，相对湿度：0.93，PM2.5：0.84），均方根误差（RMSE）为0.84至5.4（气温：1.09，相对湿度：5.40，PM2.5：0.84）。研究通过这些结果可视化了极端高温和PM2.5水平的空间变化，识别了对弱势群体健康潜在有害的关键暴露区域。此外，通过Welch ANOVA检验，本研究发现了与社会经济因素相关的空间暴露差异。这些发现为制定针对热量和空气污染水平的时空差异的干预措施提供了依据。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105626
【作者翻译】
Yoonjung Ahn，美国堪萨斯大学地理与大气科学系，劳伦斯，邮编66047
论文13
Revealing the scarcity-weighted land-water-energy nexus of urban China: Tele-connection and node-strength pattern
揭示城市中国的稀缺加权土地-水-能源关系：遥联与节点强度模式
【摘要】
Urbanization and economic growth together exacerbate land, water and energy (LWE) resource scarcities and demand-supply conflicts in global cities. In highly urbanized regions like the megacity Beijing, these challenges induce changes of the cross-regional LWE nexus in key resource nodes and strength. This study presents an integrated model that combines the multi-regional input-output model with modified scarcity-weighted and nexus node-strength indicators to better understand this phenomenon. The results highlight the central role water plays within the urban LWE nexus, despite a 61.3 % decrease in its scarcity-weighted footprint from 2007 to 2017. In the local context, over half of economic sectors exhibit a two-node nexus pattern, with the water-energy nexus being particularly prominent. Regarding the tele-connection pattern, the three-node nexus is the most common type with higher strength. The spatial distribution of provinces with three-node nexus has shifted from the northeast and neighboring provinces of Beijing in 2007 to the central region in 2017. Moving forward, prioritizing changes in consumption patterns, diversifying supply sources, improving resource use efficiency, and optimizing industrial and regional trade structures are crucial for regional sustainable development. These findings provide valuable insights for formulating effective solutions to address demand-supply conflicts for cities from a broader nexus perspective.
【摘要翻译】
城市化和经济增长共同加剧了全球城市的土地、水和能源（LWE）资源稀缺性及供需冲突。在高度城市化的地区，如北京这样的特大城市，这些挑战导致了关键资源节点和强度的跨区域LWE关系变化。本研究提出了一种综合模型，将多区域投入产出模型与修正的稀缺加权和关系节点强度指标相结合，以更好地理解这一现象。结果显示，尽管北京的水资源稀缺加权足迹在2007年至2017年间减少了61.3%，但水资源在城市LWE关系中仍发挥着核心作用。在本地背景下，超过一半的经济部门展现了两节点关系模式，其中水-能源关系尤为显著。关于远程连接模式，三节点关系是最常见的类型，且强度较高。2007年三节点关系的省份主要分布在北京的东北部和邻近省份，而到了2017年，这一分布已转移至中部地区。展望未来，改变消费模式、增加供应来源多样性、提高资源使用效率以及优化产业和区域贸易结构，是实现区域可持续发展的关键。这些研究结果为制定有效解决城市需求与供给冲突的解决方案提供了宝贵的见解，特别是从更广泛的关系视角来看待这些问题。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105662
【作者翻译】
Pengpeng Zhang, 河北师范大学地理科学学院，中国河北省石家庄市 050024；河北省人文社会科学重点研究机构 “河北师范大学地理计算与规划中心”，中国河北省石家庄市 050024；河北省环境变化与生态建设重点实验室，中国河北省石家庄市050024；河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心，中国河北省石家庄市 050024
Lifang Zhang, 河北师范大学地理科学学院，中国河北省石家庄市 050024；河北省人文社会科学重点研究机构 “河北师范大学地理计算与规划中心”，中国河北省石家庄市 050024；河北省环境变化与生态建设重点实验室，中国河北省石家庄市050024；河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心，中国河北省石家庄市 050024
Mingyue Pang, 重庆大学三峡库区生态环境重点实验室，教育部，重庆市 400044，中国
Changbo Wang, 南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院及软能源科学研究中心，中国南京市 211106
Xinqing Li, 北京师范大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，环境学院，中国北京市 100875
Zhimin Shi, 北京师范大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，环境学院，中国北京市 100875
Yuqin Li, 北京师范大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，环境学院，中国北京市 100875
Lixiao Zhang，北京师范大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，环境学院，中国北京市 100875
论文14
Urban landscape affects scaling of transportation carbon emissions across geographic scales
城市景观对跨地域尺度交通碳排放的影响
【摘要】
Understanding the carbon dynamics of the transportation sector is necessary to mitigate global climate change. While urban scaling laws have been used to understand the impact of urban population size on carbon efficiency, the instability of these scaling relationships raises additional questions. Here, we examined the scaling of on-road transportation carbon emissions across 378 US metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) using diverse urban landscape patterns and spatial units, from the MSA level down to 1 km grid cells. Beginning with a baseline scaling model that uses only population size, we expanded the model to include landscape metrics at each spatial scale based on correlation results. We found that: (1) urban landscape characteristics provide insights into carbon mechanisms not fully captured by population size alone, (2) the impact of population size on on-road carbon emissions transitions from linear to sub-linear scaling relationships as the geographic scale of analysis decreases, and (3) clustered urban developments can form carbon-efficient landscapes, while fragmented urban areas tend to be carbon-inefficient. Based on empirical evidence, this research advocates for hierarchical spatial planning and supports the implementation of policy measures aligned with smart growth principles to mitigate carbon pollution.
【摘要翻译】
理解交通部门的碳动态对于减缓全球气候变化至关重要。尽管城市规模法已被用于理解城市人口规模对碳效率的影响，但这些规模关系的不稳定性引发了更多问题。在此，我们考察了378个美国城市统计区（MSA）中公路交通碳排放的规模，使用了多种城市景观模式和空间单元，从MSA级别到1公里网格单元。我们首先以仅使用人口规模的基线规模模型为起点，随后基于相关结果扩展模型，将景观指标纳入各个空间尺度。我们的研究发现：（1）城市景观特征提供了对碳机制的见解，这些机制并未仅通过人口规模完全捕捉；（2）人口规模对公路碳排放的影响随着分析地理尺度的降低，从线性转变为亚线性规模关系；（3）聚集的城市开发能够形成碳效率较高的景观，而碎片化的城市区域往往表现为碳效率低下。基于实证证据，本研究提倡分层空间规划，并支持与智能增长原则一致的政策措施的实施，以减轻碳污染。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105656
【作者翻译】
Meen Chel Jung, 韩国首尔延世大学城市规划与工程系，邮编03722Tianzhe Wang, 美国华盛顿大学城市设计与规划系，西雅图，邮编98195
Mingyu Kang, 韩国首尔市立大学城市管理系，首尔，邮编02504
Karen Dyson, 美国西雅图，邮编98105
Emad B. Dawwas, 巴勒斯坦纳布卢斯An-Najah国立大学城市规划工程系，邮编P409
Marina Alberti，美国华盛顿大学城市设计与规划系，西雅图，邮编98195
论文15
A comprehensive study on wintertime outdoor thermal comfort of blue-green infrastructure in an arid climate: A case of Isfahan, Iran
对干旱气候蓝绿基础设施冬季户外热舒适度的综合研究：以伊斯法罕为例
【摘要】
Nowadays, one of the most critical objectives of cities in the face of population growth, energy consumption, and climate change is to provide a thermally comfortable urban environment through the creation of livable, healthy, and climate-responsive open spaces, among which urban blue-green infrastructures (UBGI) play a decisive role. While many studies have investigated the thermal comfort of UBGI in summer, limited research has been done to explore its synergistic effects during winter. To address this gap, this study aims to investigate the effects of UBGI on wintertime human thermal comfort through micrometeorological measurements and a questionnaire survey (426 participants) in the arid climate of Isfahan, Iran. The results illustrated: 1) Ta and Tmrt significantly impact people's thermal sensation. 2) A quadratic relationship (R2 = 0.99) exists between individuals’ thermal sensation and overall comfort. 3) An optimal integration of UBGI can improve human thermal comfort during winter. 4) UTCI (R2 = 0.90) and mPET (R2 = 0.86) are the most efficient thermal indices in this study and climate, followed by PET (R2 = 0.78). 5) Alliesthesia and incomplete adaptation are discussed in this study. These findings guide urban planners, designers, and environmental practitioners in creating sustainable and thermally comfortable environments.
【摘要翻译】
如今，面对人口增长、能源消费和气候变化，城市的一个重要目标是通过创建宜居、健康和气候响应的开放空间来提供热舒适的城市环境，其中城市蓝绿基础设施（UBGI）发挥着决定性作用。尽管许多研究已调查夏季UBGI的热舒适性，但关于其在冬季的协同效应的研究较为有限。为了解决这一空白，本研究旨在通过微气象测量和问卷调查（426名参与者）在伊朗干旱气候的伊斯法罕调查UBGI对冬季人类热舒适的影响。研究结果表明：1）空气温度（Ta）和平均辐射温度（Tmrt）显著影响人们的热感觉。2）个体的热感觉与整体舒适度之间存在二次关系（R² = 0.99）。3）优化整合UBGI可以改善冬季人类的热舒适度。4）在本研究和气候条件下，舒适指数UTC（R² = 0.90）和微气候能量平衡温度（mPET，R² = 0.86）是最有效的热指数，其次是PET（R² = 0.78）。5）本研究讨论了舒适性变化（Alliesthesia）和不完全适应（incomplete adaptation）。这些发现为城市规划者、设计师和环境从业者创造可持续和热舒适的环境提供了指导。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105658
【作者翻译】
Abbasali Dashti, 伊斯法罕艺术大学建筑与城市设计学院城市规划与设计系，伊斯法罕，伊朗
Negin Mohammadsharifi, 伊斯法罕艺术大学建筑与城市设计学院城市规划与设计系，伊斯法罕，伊朗
Mahmoud Shokuhi, 伊斯法罕艺术大学建筑与城市设计学院城市规划与设计系，伊斯法罕，伊朗
Andreas Matzarakis，弗莱堡大学地球与环境科学研究所环境气象学主席，弗莱堡 D-79104，德国；色拉福大学，科莫蒂尼 69100，希腊
论文16
Thermal comfort investigation of membrane-assisted radiant cooling in outdoor settings
在户外环境中膜辅助辐射冷却的热舒适性研究
【摘要】
The global warming and urban heat island effect call for mitigation strategies for improving thermal environments in open urban spaces. Radiant cooling can remove heat from the human body via direct thermal radiation, thereby creating the possibility to provide active cooling for people in outdoor environments. While using a transparent membrane, convection energy lost to the ambient airflow can be minimized. However, current research on the thermal comfort of radiant cooling systems is restricted to indoor applications, while outdoor applications remain unclear. To address this need, the study investigated the effect of membrane-assisted asymmetric radiant cooling on people's thermal perception in outdoor environments. A radiant cooling facility in an outdoor setting was built, and its cooling effects were assessed by using 248 human subjects across hot and transitional seasons. It is found that the radiant cooling facility can lower the mean thermal sensation vote (MTSV) by 0.6 to 1.5 units. The degree of cooling depends both on the panel temperature and environmental conditions. At the panel surface temperature of 14.3°C, MTSV was at the neutral zone (-0.5 ≤ MTSV ≤ 0.5) with the environmental UTCI as high as 38.1°C, whereas the thermal sensation of the group without radiant cooling was rated warm to hot. Under this condition, the ambient UTCI scope of no heat stress can be extended by 10.1°C higher. The strongest local cooling sensation appeared in the back, with an average decrease of 1.33 units in MTSV, contributing to lowering the overall thermal sensation of the body. For the first time, it is demonstrated that membrane-assisted radiant cooling panels can effectively improve thermal comfort in open outdoor settings.
【摘要翻译】
全球变暖和城市热岛效应要求采取缓解策略，以改善城市开放空间的热环境。辐射冷却可以通过直接热辐射将热量从人体移除，从而为户外环境中的人们提供主动冷却的可能性。在使用透明膜的情况下，可以最大程度地减少因对流而损失给环境空气的能量。然而，目前关于辐射冷却系统的热舒适性研究仅限于室内应用，而户外应用仍不清楚。为了解决这一需求，本研究调查了膜辅助不对称辐射冷却对户外环境中人们热感知的影响。在户外环境中建立了一个辐射冷却设施，并使用248名受试者评估其冷却效果，研究覆盖炎热和过渡季节。研究发现，辐射冷却设施可以使平均热感觉投票（MTSV）降低0.6到1.5个单位。冷却程度既取决于面板温度，也取决于环境条件。在面板表面温度为14.3°C时，MTSV处于中性区（-0.5 ≤ MTSV ≤ 0.5），而环境的UTC值高达38.1°C，而没有辐射冷却的组则被评为温暖至炎热。在这种情况下，环境UTC值范围内无热应激的条件可以提高10.1°C。背部的局部冷却感最强，MTSV平均降低1.33个单位，有助于降低身体整体的热感知。首次证明，膜辅助辐射冷却面板可以有效改善开放户外环境中的热舒适性。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105634
【作者翻译】
Junran Yang, 香港理工大学建筑环境与能源工程系，红磡，九龙，香港
Yan Liang, 香港理工大学建筑环境与能源工程系，红磡，九龙，香港
Ziwen Zhong, 深圳职业技术学院机电工程学院，中国深圳
K. Dharmasastha, 香港理工大学建筑环境与能源工程系，红磡，九龙，香港
Yongxin Xie, 香港理工大学建筑环境与能源工程系，红磡，九龙，香港
Jian-Lei Niu，香港理工大学建筑环境与能源工程系，红磡，九龙，香港
论文17
Process design and global sensitivity analysis of hydrogen fuel station with dual-operating modes for a sustainable H2 city: Iterative optimization-based simulation using generalized disjunctive programming
具有双操作模式的氢燃料站的工艺设计和全球敏感性分析：基于一般性离散规划的迭代优化模拟
【摘要】
This study proposes a novel process involving dual-mode operation for an on-site hydrogen (H2) refueling station. In particular, two distinct H2 production technologies, steam methane reforming (SMR), and autothermal reforming (ATR), are simultaneously considered, which enables a flexible operational mode that responds to operational variability. By synergistically combining the technical advantages of these two technologies (i.e., the low cost of SMR and the short start-up and shut-down times of ATR), the proposed fuel station can reduce a H2 storage tank cost, which is needed to respond to demand fluctuations. To achieve our goal, we developed iterative optimization-based simulation (IOS) framework. The proposed framework determines the optimal design configuration (e.g., the storage facilities and the capacity of production) and the dual-mode operational strategy (e.g., on/off timing) under demand fluctuations and given CO2 emission targets. The case study showed that lower storage costs and offset the increased capital cost of the production facility, thereby leading to a low H2 supply cost of 3.60 USD/kg and a production capacity of 1.2 tons/day. We then performed a global sensitivity analysis to provide a comprehensive strategy and practices for the deployment of the proposed system over demand levels, regional demand fluctuation, and CO2 emission targets.
【摘要翻译】
本研究提出了一种涉及双模式操作的新型现场氢气（H₂）加注站流程。特别是，研究同时考虑了两种不同的氢气生产技术：蒸汽甲烷重整（SMR）和自热重整（ATR），这使得该加注站能够灵活响应操作的变化。通过协同结合这两种技术的技术优势（即SMR的低成本和ATR的短启动和停机时间），所提议的加注站可以减少应对需求波动所需的氢气储存罐成本。为了实现我们的目标，我们开发了基于迭代优化的仿真（IOS）框架。该框架确定了在需求波动和给定二氧化碳排放目标下的最佳设计配置（例如储存设施和生产能力）以及双模式操作策略（例如开/关时间）。案例研究显示，较低的储存成本抵消了生产设施增加的资本成本，从而使氢气的供应成本降低到3.60美元/公斤，生产能力为1.2吨/天。然后，我们进行了全球敏感性分析，以提供全面的战略和实践，指导所提议系统在不同需求水平、区域需求波动和二氧化碳排放目标下的部署。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105652
【作者翻译】Minseong Park, 韩国水原市成均馆大学化学工程学院，邮编16419
Seolhee Cho, 美国卡内基梅隆大学化学工程系，宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡，邮编15213
Jiyong Kim，韩国水原市成均馆大学化学工程学院，邮编16419
论文18
Role of walkability, bike infrastructure, and greenspace in combatting chronic diseases: A heterogeneous ecological analysis in the United States
步行性、自行车基础设施和绿地在对抗慢性疾病中的作用：美国的异质生态分析
【摘要】
Associations of built and natural environment and bike infrastructure features with neighborhood-level hypertension and obesity prevalence across the U.S. are not well explored. Identifying the environmental determinants of neighborhood-level disease prevalence can support community-based nonpharmacologic interventions. Additionally, little is known about the extent of heterogeneity in built and natural environment impacts. Quantifying heterogeneity can help identify places where the greatest health gains can be obtained from infrastructural investments. Using a new neighborhood-level database, we assessed heterogeneous associations of neighborhood built and natural environment and bike infrastructure features with nationwide hypertension and obesity rates using a simultaneous quantile regression framework. A walkability index, access to green space, and bicycle infrastructure were negatively correlated with hypertension and obesity after controlling for social vulnerability. The associations of key environmental and bike infrastructure factors exhibited considerable heterogeneity. For a unit increase in the walkability index, the potential reduction in hypertension prevalence at the 10th percentile was 3.4 times the reduction at the 95th percentile. Likewise, the potential reduction in obesity prevalence at the 10th percentile was 1.8 times the reduction at the 95th percentile. Provision of on-street and off-street bike lanes was correlated with lower hypertension and obesity, although the impacts varied across the quantiles of health outcomes. Urban design policies promoting walkability, providing on-street and off-street bicycle facilities, and enhancing greenspace can be important strategies to combat hypertension and obesity. Our study underscores the importance of incorporating environmental features into future iterations of national disease prevalence data programs in the U.S.
【摘要翻译】
建筑和自然环境以及自行车基础设施特征与美国社区级高血压和肥胖症的流行率之间的关联尚未得到充分探索。识别社区级疾病流行率的环境决定因素可以支持基于社区的非药物干预。此外，关于建筑和自然环境影响的异质性程度知之甚少。量化这种异质性可以帮助识别在基础设施投资中能够获得最大健康收益的地方。利用新的社区级数据库，我们使用同时的分位数回归框架评估了社区建筑和自然环境以及自行车基础设施特征与全国范围内高血压和肥胖率的异质性关联。经过对社会脆弱性的控制后，步行指数、绿地获取和自行车基础设施与高血压和肥胖呈负相关。这些关键环境和自行车基础设施因素的关联表现出相当大的异质性。在步行指数每增加一个单位时，10百分位数的高血压流行率潜在降低幅度是95百分位数的3.4倍。同样，10百分位数的肥胖流行率潜在降低幅度是95百分位数的1.8倍。提供街道和非街道的自行车道与降低高血压和肥胖相关，尽管其影响在健康结果的分位数之间存在差异。促进步行性的城市设计政策、提供街道和非街道的自行车设施以及增加绿地可以成为应对高血压和肥胖的重要策略。我们的研究强调了在美国未来的国家疾病流行率数据项目中融入环境特征的重要性。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105550
【作者翻译】
Behram Wali, 美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校城市研究与规划系
Lawrence D. Frank, 美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校城市研究与规划系
Jim Chapman, 美国Urban Design 4 Health, Inc
Eric H. Fox，美国Urban Design 4 Health, Inc
论文19
Analysis of grid flexibility in 100% electrified urban energy community: A year-long empirical study
100%电气化城市能源社区的电网灵活性分析：为期一年的实证研究
【摘要】
Achieving 'carbon neutrality' in the building sector involves high penetration of renewables, electrification of energy use, and improved flexible interactions with the grid to balance energy supply and demand. This study analyzed one year in an urban energy community powered entirely by electricity, using high levels of renewable sources. By facilitating energy sharing between residential and non-residential buildings, the community redirected surplus energy to meet demand, achieving 57.6% self-consumption, 38.4% self-sufficiency, and 126.3% energy independence rate. This achievement involved an annual electricity consumption of 107 MWh, sevenfold that of previous simulation-based studies, marking the first real-world demonstration. Using machine learning clustering with domain-based interpretation, the study unraveled complex interactions between building operations and the power grid, influenced by external factors (weather, occupant behavior), system design, and controls. Managing low-probability high-impact (LPHI) events of severe demand or production peaks, accounting for only 0.5% of the time and 1.8% of net energy annually, was crucial to grid stability and cost reduction. The study confirmed the limitations of increasing battery energy storage capacity in certain environments, highlighting the importance of demand-side management (DSM) with thermal systems. The DSM effectively handled LPHI events, reducing grid stress with an 18.3% decrease in annual electricity cost .
【摘要翻译】
实现建筑部门的“碳中和”需要高比例的可再生能源、电气化的能源使用以及与电网的灵活互动，以平衡能源供应和需求。本研究分析了一个完全由电力驱动的城市能源社区的一年运营情况，该社区采用了高比例的可再生能源。通过促进住宅和非住宅建筑之间的能源共享，该社区将多余的能源重定向以满足需求，最终实现了57.6%的自我消费率、38.4%的自给自足率和126.3%的能源独立率。这一成就涉及年电力消耗107 MWh，是以往基于模拟的研究的七倍，标志着首个现实世界的示范。本研究利用基于领域的解释的机器学习聚类，揭示了建筑运营与电网之间的复杂互动，这些互动受到外部因素（如天气、住户行为）、系统设计和控制的影响。管理严重需求或生产峰值的低概率高影响（LPHI）事件至关重要，这类事件仅占时间的0.5%和年净能量的1.8%，对电网稳定性和成本降低具有重要影响。研究证实，在某些环境中，仅仅增加电池储能容量的局限性，强调了需求侧管理（DSM）与热系统的重要性。DSM有效应对了LPHI事件，使电网压力减少，年电费成本降低了18.3%。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105648
【作者翻译】
Gwangwoo Han, 韩国大田市能源研究院能源信息与通信技术研究部，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141
Young-Sub An, 韩国大田市能源研究院可再生能源系统实验室，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141
Jong-Kyu Kim, 韩国大田市能源研究院可再生能源系统实验室，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141
Dong Eun Jung, 韩国大田市能源研究院能源信息与通信技术研究部，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141；韩国大学工程学院建筑系，地址：安岩路145号，城北区，首尔，邮政编码02841
Hong-Jin Joo, 韩国大田市能源研究院可再生能源系统实验室，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141
Haneol Kim, 韩国大田市能源研究院可再生能源系统实验室，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141
Min-Hwi Kim，韩国大田市能源研究院可再生能源系统实验室，地址：加正路152号，邮政编码34141
论文20
Analysis of Heat Mitigation Capacity in a Coastal City using InVEST Urban Cooling Model
使用InVEST城市降温模型分析沿海城市的热缓解能力
【摘要】
Measures are needed to alleviate the urban heat island (UHI) problem, which has become increasingly severe due to recent climate change. The InVEST urban cooling model (UCM) estimates the heat mitigation capacity of cities based on land use, weather, and biophysical data. This study evaluated the applicability of InVEST UCM to coastal areas, which was mainly applied to inland areas. Sensitivity analysis, model calibration, and reclassification of land use and land cover maps were also conducted to increase the model's accuracy. Using linear regression analysis between the heat mitigation index and surface temperature, the results showed that sensitivity analysis and model calibration could improve the accuracy. The model validation results demonstrated that the InVEST UCM could be used reliably in coastal areas. The verified model, whose reliability has been secured through the calibration and validation processes, can help select regions where heat mitigation methods should be introduced. The results showed that heat mitigation measures such as nature-based solutions should be introduced preferentially in areas with high Heat Mitigation Index (HMI) sensitivity to crop coefficient (Kc) and low average HMI values or high HMI sensitivity and large Kc to HMI ratios. These areas include mixed, seaport, commercial & business, and industrial.
【摘要翻译】
由于最近的气候变化，城市热岛（UHI）问题日益严重，需要采取措施缓解这一现象。InVEST城市冷却模型（UCM）基于土地利用、天气和生物物理数据，估算城市的热缓解能力。本研究评估了InVEST UCM在沿海地区的适用性，因为该模型主要应用于内陆地区。为提高模型准确性，还进行了敏感性分析、模型校准和土地利用及土地覆盖图的重新分类。通过对热缓解指数与地表温度之间的线性回归分析，结果表明，敏感性分析和模型校准能够提高准确性。模型验证结果显示，InVEST UCM可以在沿海地区可靠使用。经过校准和验证过程确保其可靠性的模型，可以帮助选择应引入热缓解方法的区域。结果表明，应优先在对作物系数（Kc）具有高热缓解指数（HMI）敏感性且平均HMI值较低，或在高HMI敏感性和大Kc与HMI比率的区域引入基于自然的解决方案。这些区域包括混合区、港口、商业与商务区以及工业区。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105669
【作者翻译】
Jinwook Chung, 韩国釜山东区国立釜庆大学生态工程系，地址：永西路45号，邮政编码48513
Jiwon Kim, 韩国釜山东区国立釜庆大学生态工程系，地址：永西路45号，邮政编码48513
Kijune Sung，韩国釜山东区国立釜庆大学生态工程系，地址：永西路45号，邮政编码48513
论文21
Digital economy evaluation, regional differences and spatio-temporal evolution: Case study of Yangtze River economic belt in China
数字经济评估、区域差异与时空演变：以中国长江经济带为案例研究
【摘要】
Digital economy is a crucial indicator of national or regional competitiveness and modernization. Evaluation of the digital economy development is an important approach for comprehensively understanding China's digital economy landscape. Based on the panel data of 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) from 2011 to 2020, this paper evaluated the development of the digital economy in YREB. The evaluation process focused on digital infrastructure, digital industrialization, digital innovation environment, and digital financial inclusion, employing a new mutual-information-based weighting method to quantify indicators’ centrality. We further adopted the Dagum's Gini coefficient decomposition method, kernel density estimation and Moran's I to reveal the regional differences and spatio-temporal evolution of the digital economy development. The results showed that a westward decreasing trend in the YREB's digital economy, with optimal development observed in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Regional differences exhibited a significant downward trend. It is noteworthy that the Gini coefficient showed a slight upward trend after 2017. The digital economy development dispersion across the YREB was apparent. The digital economy development showed a notable positive spatial correlation. Moreover, the distribution of digital economy development among the cities was mainly characterized by a low-low agglomeration pattern.
【摘要翻译】
数字经济是国家或地区竞争力和现代化的重要指标，对其发展的评估是全面了解中国数字经济格局的重要途径。基于2011年至2020年长江经济带（YREB）110个城市的面板数据，本文对YREB的数字经济发展进行了评估。评估过程聚焦于数字基础设施、数字工业化、数字创新环境和数字金融包容性，采用了一种基于互信息的新权重方法来量化指标的中心性。进一步，我们采用了Dagum基尼系数分解法、核密度估计和莫兰指数（Moran's I）来揭示数字经济发展的区域差异和时空演变。结果显示，YREB的数字经济呈现出向西递减的趋势，长江下游的数字经济发展最为优化。区域差异显著下降，值得注意的是，基尼系数在2017年后略有上升。YREB的数字经济发展存在明显的分散性，同时在空间上表现出显著的正相关。此外，各城市之间的数字经济发展主要表现为低-低聚集模式。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105685
【作者翻译】
Weiwei Li, 中国沈阳东北大学商学院，地址：创新路195号，浑南区，邮政编码110167
Wenlong Cui, 中国沈阳东北大学商学院，地址：创新路195号，浑南区，邮政编码110167
Pingtao Yi，中国沈阳东北大学商学院，地址：创新路195号，浑南区，邮政编码110167
论文22
Sustaining tranquility in small urban green parks: A modeling approach to identify noise pollution contributors
在小型城市绿地公园中维持宁静：识别噪音污染源的建模方法
【摘要】
Noise pollution poses a significant environmental challenge in Iranian urban areas, particularly within Small Urban Green Parks (SUGPs). This study investigates the extent of noise pollution in SUGPs and identifies key contributors to elevated noise levels. A total of 94 SUGPs, with a mean area of 1.86 ± 0.99 hectares, were selected in Isfahan City, Central Iran, and subjected to 30-m Equivalent Sound Level (LAeq) measurements at their central locations. Explanatory variables were classified into two categories based on road density, traffic volume, proximity to roads, park vegetation, and physical characteristics. The relationship between noise levels and each explanatory variable was observed to be non-linear and polynomial (R2 < 0.334) in certain instances. Our modeling results using the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)-Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model (R2 = 0.936) indicate that average noise levels in these parks surpass international guidelines, averaging 65.97 ± 17.76 dB. Traffic volume and proximity to limited access roads were identified as primary factors influencing noise levels in SUGPs. It was observed that the design and layout of small urban parks may not effectively mitigate surrounding traffic noise, even with sufficient green barriers to absorb or block sound. Consequently, future efforts should prioritize strategic site selection for SUGPs to minimize exposure to major noise sources.
【摘要翻译】
噪声污染在伊朗城市地区，特别是在小型城市绿地公园（SUGPs）中，构成了一个重要的环境挑战。本研究调查了SUGPs中的噪声污染程度，并确定了导致噪声水平升高的关键因素。在伊朗中部的伊斯法罕市选择了94个SUGPs，平均面积为1.86 ± 0.99公顷，并在其中央位置进行了30米等效声级（LAeq）的测量。解释变量根据道路密度、交通量、与道路的距离、园区植被及物理特征分为两类。噪声水平与每个解释变量之间的关系在某些情况下呈现非线性和多项式特征（R² < 0.334）。使用多层感知器（MLP）人工神经网络（ANN）模型的建模结果表明，这些公园的平均噪声水平超过国际标准，平均值为65.97 ± 17.76 dB。交通量和与限速道路的距离被确定为影响SUGPs噪声水平的主要因素。观察到小型城市公园的设计和布局可能无法有效降低周围交通噪声，即使有足够的绿色屏障来吸收或阻挡声音。因此，未来的工作应优先考虑SUGPs的战略选址，以最小化暴露于主要噪声源的风险。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105571
【作者翻译】
Maryam Arsalan, 伊朗伊斯法罕（霍拉斯甘）分校环境科学与工程系，地址：伊斯法罕
Atefeh Chamani, 伊朗伊斯法罕（霍拉斯甘）分校环境科学与工程系，废弃物与废水研究中心，地址：伊斯法罕
Rasool Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi，伊朗沙赫雷库德大学自然资源与地球科学学院渔业与环境科学系，地址：邮政信箱115，沙赫雷库德
论文23
Water-energy-food-greenhouse gases nexus management in urban environments: A robust multi-agent decision-support system
城市环境中水-能源-食品-温室气体关系管理：一种稳健的多智能体决策支持系统
【摘要】
Conceptual urban water metabolism (CUWM) models provide a holistic view of the efficiency of urban water systems. These models can be linked with multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) models to mimic stakeholders' reactions to various strategies. However, the outcomes derived from CUWM-MARL models come with uncertainty. As a result, this paper introduces a decision support system (DSS) that is aware of these uncertainties and uses this information to select robust management strategies based on the output of CUWM-MARL models. First, future scenarios are generated by exploring all combinations of critical values of deeply uncertain variables and values of uncertain variables sampled from an appropriate multivariate copula distribution. Then, a computationally efficient surrogate model is developed to alleviate the computational load of the MARL sub-model. The surrogate model is run through all future scenarios to calculate the system's key performance indicators (KPIs) for each management strategy. Urban water managers can use these KPIs and social choice methods to find consensus management strategies. The proposed methodology has been implemented in the western part of the Tehran metropolitan area, Iran. This study evaluates 26 management strategies consisting of various projects, including reducing water distribution network leakage, implementing urban demand control projects, and utilizing semi-centralized or decentralized wastewater treatment plants. The strategy chosen by the uncertainty-aware DSS enhances the total utility and fairness indices by 125% and 4%, respectively. Moreover, it effectively improves groundwater quality, reduces energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, and enhances water supply reliability, ultimately contributing to farmers' job security.
【摘要翻译】
概念城市水代谢（CUWM）模型提供了对城市水系统效率的整体视角。这些模型可以与多智能体强化学习（MARL）模型相结合，以模拟利益相关者对各种策略的反应。然而，从CUWM-MARL模型得出的结果伴随着不确定性。因此，本文提出了一种决策支持系统（DSS），该系统能够识别这些不确定性，并利用这些信息根据CUWM-MARL模型的输出选择稳健的管理策略。首先，通过探索深度不确定变量的所有关键值组合和从适当的多元Copula分布中抽样的不确定变量的值，生成未来情景。接着，开发了一种计算效率高的替代模型，以减轻MARL子模型的计算负担。该替代模型通过所有未来情景运行，以计算每种管理策略的系统关键绩效指标（KPI）。城市水务管理者可以利用这些KPI和社会选择方法寻找共识管理策略。该方法已在伊朗德黑兰都市区的西部实施。研究评估了包括减少水分配网络泄漏、实施城市需求控制项目以及利用半集中或分散废水处理厂在内的26种管理策略。通过不确定性意识DSS选择的策略使总效用和公平指数分别提高了125%和4%。此外，它有效改善了地下水质量，减少了能源消耗和温室气体排放，并增强了水供应的可靠性，最终促进了农民的就业安全。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105676
【作者翻译】
Omid Emamjomehzadeh, 美国纽约大学塔顿工程学院土木与城市工程系，布鲁克林，纽约11201
Fatemeh Omidi, 伊朗德黑兰大学工程学院土木工程系，地址：德黑兰
Reza Kerachian, 伊朗德黑兰大学工程学院土木工程系，地址：德黑兰
Mohammad Javad Emami-Skardi, 伊朗马赞达兰大学工程与技术学院土木工程系，地址：马赞达兰
Marzieh Momeni，伊朗德黑兰大学工程学院土木工程系，地址：德黑兰
论文24
Assessing the role of public, media, and government attention on air pollution governance in China
评估公众、媒体和政府对中国空气污染治理的关注程度
【摘要】
Attention from social subjects, such as the government, public, and media, serves as a vital diver for urban environmental improvement. While most empirical studies about environmental attention have discussed only one or two of these subjects so far, the literature overlooks the potential collective influence. Drawing on the concept of attention and stakeholder theory, this paper integrates government, public, and media into a unified framework. Utilizing data from Chinese prefecture-level cities spanning from 2012 to 2020, this paper reveals how multi-subject attention influences air quality, including its spatial spillover effects and specific mechanisms. This study finds that 1) multi-subject attention could effectively inhibit air pollution, the direct effects of government, public, and media attention are -7.278, -0.077, and -0.502, respectively. 2) Only the public and media attention have significant cross-city suppressing effects on air pollution. Specifically, the spillover effects of the public and media attention's proxy variables are -4.003 and -1.850. 3) Overall, multi-subject attention can effectively reduce air pollution by establishing environmental laws and regulations, strengthening environmental enforcement, and increasing environmental protection investment. However, there are significant differences in the ways government, public, and media attention improve air quality in local and surrounding cities through these three mechanisms.
【摘要翻译】
社会主体（如政府、公众和媒体）的关注是促进城市环境改善的重要驱动力。虽然大多数关于环境关注的实证研究迄今为止仅讨论了一个或两个主体，但文献中忽视了其潜在的集体影响。基于注意力概念和利益相关者理论，本文将政府、公众和媒体整合为一个统一框架。利用2012年至2020年中国地级市的数据，本文揭示了多主体关注如何影响空气质量，包括其空间溢出效应和具体机制。研究发现：1）多主体关注可以有效抑制空气污染，政府、公众和媒体关注的直接影响分别为-7.278、-0.077和-0.502。2）只有公众和媒体的关注在跨城市层面上对空气污染具有显著的抑制效应。具体而言，公众和媒体关注的代理变量的溢出效应分别为-4.003和-1.850。3）总体而言，多主体关注通过制定环境法律法规、加强环境执法和增加环境保护投资来有效减少空气污染。然而，政府、公众和媒体在通过这三种机制改善地方及周边城市空气质量的方式存在显著差异。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105681
【作者翻译】
Zhongzhu Chu, 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院，上海，200030，中国
Tiannuo Yang, 南开大学计算机科学学院，天津，300350，中国
Zihan Zhang，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院，上海，200030，中国；上海交通大学应急管理学院，上海，200030，中国
论文25
Spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of green urbanization in the Northern Slope Economic Belt of Tianshan Mountains, China
天山北坡经济带绿色城市化的时空演变及影响因素
【摘要】
Green urbanization (GU) is an urban sustainable development model. However, the conceptual definition of GU has not been clearly unified and there is limited quantitative research on it. This study constructed a theoretical framework and evaluation system of GU for the Northern Slope Economic Belt of Tianshan Mountains (NSEBTM). By using entropy weight TOPSIS model, contribution analysis and fixed effects panel model, we studied the spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of GU in the region. The results indicated that GU improved from 2005 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 1.25%, which decreased from middle to both sides with high-level cities spreading outward from Urumqi City. Technological innovation, environmental regulation and financial support played a positive role in GU, while industrialization, education security and population density hindered it. In addition, the effects of influencing factors on different subsystems and development stages of GU were heterogeneous. This study is beneficial for identifying the existing problems of GU and its subsystems in the NSEBTM, to further accelerate the transformation of urbanization through feasible technological innovation, environmental regulation and financial support.
【摘要翻译】
绿色城市化（GU）是一种可持续的城市发展模式。然而，关于GU的概念定义尚未统一，且相关定量研究较为有限。本研究为天山北坡经济带（NSEBTM）构建了GU的理论框架和评估体系。通过使用熵权TOPSIS模型、贡献分析和固定效应面板模型，我们研究了该地区GU的时空演变及影响因素。研究结果表明，2005年至2020年，GU有所改善，年均增长率为1.25%，而其发展水平从中间向两侧下降，高水平城市向乌鲁木齐市外扩散。技术创新、环境监管和财政支持对GU发展起到了积极作用，而工业化、教育保障和人口密度则对其产生了阻碍。此外，不同子系统和GU发展阶段的影响因素效应表现出异质性。本研究有助于识别NSEBTM中GU及其子系统存在的问题，进一步通过可行的技术创新、环境监管和财政支持加速城市化转型。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105686
【作者翻译】
Haitao Ma, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展模型重点实验室，北京 100101，中国；中国科学院大学，北京 100049，中国
Kewen Wang，中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展模型重点实验室，北京 100101，中国；中国科学院大学，北京 100049，中国
论文26
Spatiotemporal assessment of post-earthquake road network resilience using a data-driven approach
使用数据驱动方法对地震后道路网络韧性进行时空评估
【摘要】
An accurate assessment of the spatial and temporal changes in the post-earthquake road network is essential for scientifically establishing emergency rescue programs and recovery strategies. This paper utilizes high-resolution traffic data to evaluate the resilience of city-to-city road networks to earthquakes. Additionally, it elucidates the distribution of link-level resilience in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Through a case study of the Luding earthquake, the results indicate that the road network's recovery duration exceeds five days, emphasizing the persistent and temporally delayed impact of earthquakes on traffic flow. Specifically, earthquakes disrupt link resilience, causing it to fluctuate around normal operational behavior. In the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, travel time from the epicenter to Luding surged by 132 %, triggering congestion that spread to neighboring cities. At the spatial level, spatial autocorrelation in link resilience is evident, with concentrated clusters of low-resilience links observed in segments such as G248 and S211. Our findings offer valuable and novel insights into the resilience of road networks to earthquakes from an empirical perspective.
【摘要翻译】
准确评估震后道路网络的时空变化，对于科学制定应急救援计划和恢复策略至关重要。本文利用高分辨率交通数据评估城市间道路网络对地震的恢复力，并揭示了道路网络在时间和空间维度上的连接层级恢复力分布。通过泸定地震的案例研究，结果表明，道路网络的恢复时间超过五天，强调了地震对交通流量的持续和延迟影响。具体而言，地震会破坏连接层级的恢复力，使其在正常运行行为上下波动。在地震发生后，震中到泸定的旅行时间激增了132%，引发了交通拥堵，并蔓延至周边城市。在空间层面上，连接层级的恢复力呈现空间自相关现象，低恢复力连接集中分布在如G248和S211等路段。我们的研究结果从实证角度为道路网络应对地震的恢复力提供了宝贵的洞见。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105675
【作者翻译】
Yichi Zhang, 环境变化与自然灾害重点实验室，教育部，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室（ESPRE），北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；减灾与应急管理学院，国家应急管理部与教育部，中国，北京100875；地理科学学院，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875
Hanping Zhao, 环境变化与自然灾害重点实验室，教育部，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室（ESPRE），北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；减灾与应急管理学院，国家应急管理部与教育部，中国，北京100875；地理科学学院，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875
Keyao Wang, 经济与管理学院，北京航空航天大学，中国，北京；北京城市运营应急支撑仿真技术重点实验室，中国，北京
Jinfan Lıang, 环境变化与自然灾害重点实验室，教育部，北京师范大学，中国，北京100875；地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室（ESPRE），北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；减灾与应急管理学院，国家应急管理部与教育部，中国，北京 100875
地理科学学院，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875
Haoyue Qıu, 环境变化与自然灾害重点实验室，教育部，北京师范大学，中国，北京100875；地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室（ESPRE），北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；减灾与应急管理学院，国家应急管理部与教育部，中国，北京 100875；地理科学学院，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875
Longbin Kou，环境变化与自然灾害重点实验室，教育部，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室（ESPRE），北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875；减灾与应急管理学院，国家应急管理部与教育部，中国，北京100875；地理科学学院，北京师范大学，中国，北京 100875
论文27
High-resolution comprehensive regional development mapping using multisource geographic data
使用多源地理数据进行高分辨率综合区域发展制图
【摘要】
Poverty is one of the most important social problems facing our present generation. Accurate identification of impoverished households is a primary concern as China enters the post-poverty alleviation era. However, few studies offer poverty estimates at a fine scale to help targeted poverty reduction. Therefore, this study constructed a comprehensive regional development index (CRDI) by integrating SDGSAT-1 glimmer imagery, land cover map, point of interest (POI), OpenStreetMap (OSM), and digital elevation model (DEM) data, aiming to evaluate the development level and relative poverty of Wuling Mountain area at a 10-meter resolution. The multidimensional poverty index (MPI) based on the statistics and the list of key assisted villages were used to evaluate the accuracy of the CRDI. The results demonstrated that over 95% of key assisted villages were identified as having a low CRDI value, thereby confirming the remarkable effectiveness of the proposed 10-meter-resolution CRDI map in identifying poverty at village level, a feat difficult to achieve in previous studies. The correlation analysis between MPI and CRDI showed the superiority of CRDI products based on the SDGSAT-1 glimmer imagery, with a statistically significant determination coefficient of 0.47, higher than the NPP-VIIRS based products. Besides, spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that poverty in Wuling Mountain area exhibits significant clustering patterns, with underdeveloped areas concentrated in the central and southwestern regions. Moreover, the interaction between poverty variables was notable, and the POI density was the most crucial factor affecting regional development while the slope contributed the least. The fine-grained poverty estimation maps generated by our study can offer insights into both macro-level and micro-scale poverty alleviation strategies, facilitating targeted prevention of poverty relapse.
【摘要翻译】
贫困是当代社会面临的最重要的社会问题之一。随着中国进入后扶贫时代，精准识别贫困家庭成为首要关注点。然而，较少有研究提供细尺度的贫困估计，以帮助实现精准扶贫。因此，本研究通过整合SDGSAT-1微光影像、土地覆盖图、兴趣点（POI）、OpenStreetMap（OSM）和数字高程模型（DEM）数据，构建了综合区域发展指数（CRDI），旨在以10米分辨率评估武陵山区的发展水平和相对贫困。基于统计数据的多维贫困指数（MPI）和重点扶持村名单用于评估CRDI的准确性。结果表明，95%以上的重点扶持村被识别为CRDI值较低，证实了所提出的10米分辨率CRDI地图在村级层面识别贫困的显著有效性，这是以往研究难以实现的。MPI与CRDI的相关性分析表明，基于SDGSAT-1微光影像的CRDI产品优于基于NPP-VIIRS的产品，决定系数达到0.47，具有统计显著性。此外，空间自相关分析揭示了武陵山区的贫困呈现显著的集聚模式，欠发达地区集中于中部和西南部区域。此外，贫困变量之间的交互作用显著，POI密度是影响区域发展的最关键因素，而坡度的影响最小。我们研究生成的细尺度贫困估计图可为宏观和微观层面的扶贫策略提供见解，促进贫困复发的精准预防。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105670
【作者翻译】
Linxin Li, 武汉大学测绘、遥感与信息工程国家重点实验室，中国武汉 430079
Ting Hu, 南京信息工程大学遥感与测绘工程学院，中国江苏 南京 210044
Guangyi Yang, 武汉大学电子信息学院，中国武汉 430079
Wei He, 武汉大学测绘、遥感与信息工程国家重点实验室，中国武汉 430079
Hongyan Zhang，武汉大学测绘、遥感与信息工程国家重点实验室，中国武汉 430079
中国地质大学，计算机科学学院，中国武汉 430074
论文28
Evaluating temporal variations in access to multi-tier hospitals using personal vehicles and public transit: Implications for healthcare equity
评估使用个人车辆和公共交通进入多层医院的时效变化：对医疗公平的影响
【摘要】
Understanding healthcare accessibility, or the ability to access healthcare services, has significant implications for both individual well-being and community equity. However, existing studies seldom account for temporally varying factors such as traffic conditions and hospital schedules, resulting in miscalculation of accessibility. This study addresses this gap by introducing a framework that evaluates accessibility to multi-tier hospitals, factoring in both spatial and temporal aspects, using public transit (PT) and personal vehicles (PVs), and assesses its impact on horizontal and vertical equity. Implemented in Shanghai, China, we employ the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method for accessibility quantification and utilize map APIs for dynamic travel time data. Our analysis reveals: (i) notable temporal fluctuations in healthcare accessibility, especially for PT, and their significant impact on both horizontal and vertical equity due to varying travel times and hospital schedules; (ii) larger disparities in higher-tier hospital accessibility compared to lower-tier ones; (iii) greater horizontal equity using PV-based accessibility and higher vertical equity using PT-based accessibility. These findings highlight the need to offer customized transit to healthcare facilities, expand telehealth services, incorporate equity in healthcare resource allocation, incentivize healthcare professionals to work in underserved areas, and develop outreach programs to improve accessibility and equity.
【摘要翻译】
理解医疗服务可达性，即获取医疗服务的能力，对个人福祉和社区公平性有重大意义。然而，现有研究很少考虑如交通状况和医院作息等时间变化因素，导致可达性计算的误差。本研究通过引入一个评估多层级医院可达性的新框架，弥补这一空白。该框架结合了空间和时间因素，使用公共交通工具（PT）和私人车辆（PVs）评估可达性，并分析其对水平和垂直公平性的影响。本研究在中国上海实施，采用高斯双步浮动捕捞区法量化可达性，并利用地图API获取动态行程时间数据。分析结果显示：（i）医疗可达性存在显著的时间波动，尤其是PT的波动，对水平和垂直公平性有显著影响，原因在于行程时间和医院作息的变化；（ii）高层级医院可达性的不平等程度较低层级医院更为显著；（iii）PVs可达性体现了更大的水平公平性，而PT可达性则显示了更高的垂直公平性。这些研究结果强调了定制化医疗交通服务、扩大远程医疗、在医疗资源分配中纳入公平性、激励医疗人员在欠发达地区工作、以及开发推广计划以改善可达性和公平性的必要性。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105687
【作者翻译】
Ziqi Yang, 同济大学城市交通研究院，中国上海 201804
Yuntao Guo, 同济大学公路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，中国上海 201804，曹安路4800号
Xi Feng, 同济大学，公路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，中国上海 201804，曹安路4800号
Yaocheng Zhou, 同济大学，公路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，中国上海 201804，曹安路4800号
Pengfei Zhou, 南京大学，建筑与城市规划学院，城市规划系，中国江苏省南京市鼓楼区汉口路22号，邮政编码：210093
Xinghua Li, 同济大学，城市交通研究院，中国上海 201804；同济大学路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，中国上海 201804，曹安路4800号
Xinwu Qian，莱斯大学土木与环境工程系，美国德克萨斯州休斯顿
论文29
Analysis of spatiotemporal variation and relationship to land use – landscape pattern of PM2.5 and O3 in typical arid zone
对典型干旱区PM2.5和O3的时空变化及其与土地利用-景观模式的关系分析
【摘要】
Land use – landscape pattern act as pollutant sources carries for PM2.5 and ozone, understanding the relationship between them is valuable for the management of atmospheric environment. In this investigation, we examined the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM2.5 and ozone in Xinjiang during 2000 ∼ 2022. Meanwhile, we employed the random forest model under optimal model selection to explore the response of the land use - landscape pattern to the pollutants. The conclusions suggested: (1) PM2.5 in 94.82% of the area showed a significant decrease, with high levels concentrated in the Tarim Basin, Turpan-Hami Basin. Ozone demonstrated a remarkable upward trend in 99.30% of the region, showing high levels in the Tarim Basin and the northern Xinjiang. (2) Upon comparison with the univariate and stepwise linear regression models, random forest model holds significant practical value in quantifying the impact of pollutants on land use-landscapes. (3) In the land use – landscape pattern, the complexity and aggregation of cropland and water, the degree of connectivity in barren and impervious, the diversity and complexity of forest, and the degree of aggregation of grasslands all strongly impact PM2.5. For ozone concentrations, the index characterizing the degree of patchy aggregation is overwhelmingly dominant.
【摘要翻译】
土地利用–景观格局作为PM2.5和臭氧的污染源载体，理解它们之间的关系对于大气环境管理具有重要意义。在本研究中，我们分析了新疆2000至2022年期间PM2.5和臭氧的时空分布特征。同时，我们通过最优模型选择下的随机森林模型，探讨了土地利用–景观格局对污染物的响应。研究结果表明：（1）在94.82%的区域内，PM2.5显著下降，高浓度区域集中在塔里木盆地和吐鲁番-哈密盆地。而99.30%的区域内，臭氧呈现显著上升趋势，高浓度区域位于塔里木盆地和北疆地区。（2）与单变量和逐步线性回归模型相比，随机森林模型在量化污染物对土地利用–景观格局的影响方面具有显著的实用价值。（3）在土地利用–景观格局中，耕地和水体的复杂性与聚合度，荒地和不透水地表的连接性，森林的多样性与复杂性，草地的聚合度等都对PM2.5产生了较大影响。而对于臭氧浓度，表征斑块聚合度的指数起到了决定性作用。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105689
【作者翻译】
Zewei Chen, 新疆大学，地理与遥感科学学院，中国乌鲁木齐 830046，华瑞街777号，水磨沟区；新疆大学，新疆绿洲生态重点实验室，中国乌鲁木齐 830046；新疆大学
高等教育机构智慧城市与环境建模重点实验室，中国乌鲁木齐 830046
Zhe Zhang，新疆大学，地理与遥感科学学院，中国乌鲁木齐 830046，华瑞街777号，水磨沟区；新疆大学，新疆绿洲生态重点实验室，中国乌鲁木齐 830046；新疆大学，高等教育机构智慧城市与环境建模重点实验室，中国乌鲁木齐 830046；中亚地理信息开发与利用科技创新中心，中国乌鲁木齐 830046
论文30
Toward sustainable urban energy solutions: Introducing F NeCESSCity framework for energy-saving smart city configuration
向可持续城市能源解决方案迈进：引入F NeCESSCity框架用于节能智慧城市配置
【摘要】
This research aims to develop a Framework Necessary for the Configuration of Energy-Saving Smart Cities (F NeCESSCity) that incorporates the essential considerations for establishing an energy-saving smart city (ESSC). F NeCESSCity encompasses: (i) a Scan-to-BIM method for the digital virtualization of existing cities, and (ii) a methodology for deriving an optimal renovation strategy at the ESSC level, considering energy performance and economic factors. The application of F NeCESSCity to real-world scenarios has demonstrated that (i) fast and reliable modeling is achievable, (ii) a broad spectrum of alternatives can be developed and assessed, and (iii) an optimal renovation strategy at the ESSC level can be identified. The use of F NeCESSCity is expected to facilitate the successful development of ESSC plans, where virtual modeling and the evaluation of renovation alternatives are realized.
【摘要翻译】
本研究旨在开发一个配置节能智慧城市的框架（F NeCESSCity），该框架整合了建立节能智慧城市（ESSC）的必要考虑因素。F NeCESSCity包括：（i）基于扫描到BIM（建筑信息模型）的方法，用于现有城市的数字虚拟化；（ii）考虑能源性能和经济因素的优化改造策略方法。F NeCESSCity在实际应用中表明：（i）快速且可靠的建模是可实现的；（ii）可以开发和评估广泛的替代方案；（iii）能够识别ESSC级别的最优改造策略。F NeCESSCity的使用有望促进成功开发ESSC计划，其中虚拟建模和改造替代方案的评估得以实现。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105674
【作者翻译】
Kyuman Cho, 国顺大学，建筑工程系，韩国光州 61452，309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu
Hanbin Park, 国顺大学，建筑工程系，韩国光州 61452，309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu
Chowon Kim, 国顺大学，建筑工程系，韩国光州 61452，309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu
Taehoon Kim，国顺大学，建筑工程系，韩国光州 61452，309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu
