一、pre-work
1. 安装grub-install grub-mkrescue命令
apt install gub2-common grub-pc grub-efi-ia32 grub-efi-amd64:i386 grub-efi-amd64二、iso image
1. bios iso
#!/bin/shmkdir bios_iso
mkdir -p bios_iso/boot/grubcp grub.cfg bios_iso/boot/grub/grub-mkrescue -o bios.iso ./bios_iso/
2. efi iso
#!/bin/shmkdir efi_iso
mkdir -p efi_iso/boot/grubcp grub.cfg efi_iso/boot/grub/grub-mkrescue /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi -o efi.iso ./efi_iso/
三、hard disk
1.bios hd image
#!/bin/shdd bs=512 if=/dev/zero of=hd.img count=204800losetup /dev/loop12 hd.img #choose unused loop devicemkfs.ext4 -q /dev/loop12mount -o loop ./hd.img ./hdiskmkdir -p ./hdisk/bootsudo grub-install --boot-directory=./hdisk/boot --force --allow-floppy /dev/loop12echo "copy grub.cfg to ./hdisk/boot && sync && umount ./hdisk && losetup -d /dev/loop12"2. efi hd image
#!/bin/shmkdir efi_iso
mkdir -p efi_iso/boot/grubcp grub.cfg efi_iso/boot/grub/grub-mkrescue /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi -o efi.iso ./efi_iso/dd bs=512 if=efi.iso of=efi_hd.img #of can be a actual disk device, e.g. /dev/sda
四、qemu运行
qemu-system-x86_64 -drive format=raw, file=hd.img -m 512M -cpu kvm64,smep,smap -sqemu-system-x86_64 -drive format=raw, file=bios.iso -m 512M -cpu kvm64,smep,smap -s# run uefi bios
qemu-system-x86_64 -bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd -drive format=raw, file=efi.iso -m 512M -cpu kvm64,smep,smap -s五、参考：
GNU GRUB Manual 2.12: Top
GNU GRUB Manual 2.12: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM
GRUB - OSDev Wiki
