C++：采用模板封装顺序表，栈，队列

1.顺序表：

list.hpp

#ifndef LIST_HPP
#define LIST_HPP
#include <iostream>using namespace std;template <class L>class Seqlist
{
private:L *ptr;L size;L len=0;public:void init(L n){//堆区申请空间（大小为n）this->ptr=new L[n];//bzero(this->ptr,sizeof(L)*n);this->len=0;this->size=n;//}bool empty(){return this->len==0;}bool full(){return this->len==this->size;}void push_back(L e)//尾插{if(this->full()){return ;}this->ptr[len++]=e;}//插入void insert(L index,L num){if(full()){return;}for(L i=len-1;i>=index-1;i--){ptr[i+1]=ptr[i];}ptr[index-1]=num;len++;}//任意位置删除void erase(L index){if(empty()){return;}for(L i=index;i<len;i++){ptr[i-1]=ptr[i];ptr[i]=NULL;}len--;}//尾删void pop_back(){if(empty()){return;}ptr[len-1]=NULL;len--;}void show(){//判空if(len==0){return;}cout<<"顺序表"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<len;i++){cout<<ptr[i]<<ends;}cout<<endl;}//当前长度L cur_size(){if(empty()){return 0;}else{return len;}}L at(L index){L num;num=ptr[index-1];return num;}void sort(bool flag){if(flag){for(int i=1;i<len;i++){for(int j=0;j<len-i;j++){if(ptr[j]>ptr[j+1]){L temp;temp=ptr[j];ptr[j]=ptr[j+1];ptr[j+1]=temp;}}}}else{for(int i=1;i<len;i++){for(int j=0;j<len-i;j++){if(ptr[j]<ptr[j+1]){L temp;temp=ptr[j];ptr[j]=ptr[j+1];ptr[j+1]=temp;}}}}}};
#endif // LIST_HPP

2.栈：

strack.hpp

#ifndef STACK_HPP
#define STACK_HPP#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
using namespace std;template <class T>
class StackNode
{
public:T data;//存储数据StackNode *next;//指向下一个节点//构造函数StackNode(T d):data(d),next(nullptr){}};
template <class T>
class Stack
{
private:StackNode<T> *top;//指向栈顶int len;//栈中元素数量public:Stack():top(nullptr),len(0){}//析构函数~Stack(){while(!empty()){pop();}}bool empty() //判断栈是否为空{return top==nullptr;}int size()//获取栈的大小{return len;}//压栈操作void push(T element){StackNode<T>  *newnode=new StackNode<T>(element);//申请空间并初始化newnode->next=top;top=newnode;len++;}//出栈操作T pop(){if(empty()){throw out_of_range("空栈");}StackNode<T>  *temp=top;T value=top->data;top=top->next;delete temp;len--;return value;}//查看栈顶元素T look_top(){if(empty()){throw out_of_range("空栈");}return top->data;}//清空栈void clear(){while (!empty()){pop();}}Stack& operator=(const Stack& other){if (this != &other){clear(); // 清空当前栈// 复制元素StackNode<T>  *current = other.top;while (current != nullptr){push(current->data);current = current->next;}}return *this;}void swap(Stack& other){StackNode<T> * tempTop = top;top = other.top;other.top = tempTop;T templen = len;len = other.len;other.len = templen;}
};#endif // STACK_HPP

3.队列：

queue.hpp

#ifndef QUEUE_H
#define QUEUE_H#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
using namespace std;template <class T>
class QueueNode
{
public:T data;QueueNode *next;//有参构造QueueNode(T d):data(d),next(nullptr){}
};
template <class T>
class Queue
{
private:QueueNode<T>* front; // 指向队列头部的指针QueueNode<T>* rear;  // 指向队列尾部的指针int count;        // 队列中元素的数量public:// 构造函数Queue() : front(nullptr), rear(nullptr), count(0){}~Queue(){clear();}void clear(){while (front != nullptr){QueueNode<T>* temp = front;front = front->next;delete temp;}rear = nullptr;count = 0;}// 查看队列前端元素T frontElement(){if (empty()){throw std::out_of_range("空队列");}return front->data;}// 查看队列尾部元素T backElement(){if (empty()){throw std::out_of_range("空队列");}return rear->data;}//判断队列是否为空bool empty(){return front == nullptr;}// 获取队列的大小int size(){return count;}// 入队操作void push(T element){QueueNode<T>* newNode = new QueueNode<T>(element);if (rear == nullptr)  // 队列为空{front = rear = newNode;} else{rear->next = newNode;rear = newNode;}count++;}// 出队操作T pop(){if (empty()) {throw std::out_of_range("空队列");}QueueNode<T>* temp = front;T dequeuedValue = front->data;front = front->next;if (front == nullptr) {rear = nullptr;}delete temp;count--;return dequeuedValue;}void swap(Queue& other) {using std::swap;swap(front, other.front);swap(rear, other.rear);swap(count, other.count);}Queue& operator=(const Queue& other){if (this != &other){Queue temp(other); // 临时对象，用于深拷贝swap(temp); // 与临时对象交换内容}return *this;}};
#endif // QUEUE_H