Spring Boot如何压缩Json并写入redis？

1.为什么需要压缩json？

由于业务需要，存入redis中的缓存数据过大，占用了10+G的内存，内存作为重要资源，需要优化一下大对象缓存，采用gzip压缩存储，可以将 redis 的 kv 对大小缩小大约 7-8 倍，加快存储、读取速度

2.环境搭建

详建redis模块的docker目录

version: '3'
services:redis:image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/redis:6.0.8                   container_name: redis                                                             restart: unless-stopped                                                                  command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf --requirepass 123456 --appendonly no
#    command: redis-server --requirepass 123456 --appendonly yes environment:                        TZ: Asia/ShanghaiLANG: en_US.UTF-8volumes:                           - "./redis/data:/data"- "./redis/config/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf"  ports:                              - "6379:6379"

3.代码工程

实验目标

实验存入redis的json数据压缩和解压缩

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId><groupId>com.et</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>gzip</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId><version>2.9.0</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

controller

package com.et.gzip.controller;import com.et.gzip.model.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;@RestController
@Slf4j
public class HelloWorldController {@Autowiredprivate RedisTemplate redisTemplateWithJackson;@PostMapping("/hello")public User showHelloWorld(@RequestBody User user){log.info("user:"+ user);return user;}@PostMapping("/redis")public User redis(@RequestBody User user){log.info("user:"+ user);redisTemplateWithJackson.opsForValue().set("user",user);User redisUser = (User) redisTemplateWithJackson.opsForValue().get("user");return redisUser;}
}

redis压缩和解压缩配置

压缩类

package com.et.gzip.config;import com.et.gzip.model.User;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.IOUtils;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;@Slf4j
public class CompressRedis extends JdkSerializationRedisSerializer {public static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;private JacksonRedisSerializer<User>  jacksonRedisSerializer;public CompressRedis() {this.jacksonRedisSerializer = getValueSerializer();}@Overridepublic byte[] serialize(Object graph) throws SerializationException {if (graph == null) {return new byte[0];}ByteArrayOutputStream bos = null;GZIPOutputStream gzip = null;try {// serializebyte[] bytes = jacksonRedisSerializer.serialize(graph);log.info("bytes size{}",bytes.length);bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();gzip = new GZIPOutputStream(bos);// compressgzip.write(bytes);gzip.finish();byte[] result = bos.toByteArray();log.info("result size{}",result.length);//return result;return new BASE64Encoder().encode(result).getBytes();} catch (Exception e) {throw new SerializationException("Gzip Serialization Error", e);} finally {IOUtils.closeQuietly(bos);IOUtils.closeQuietly(gzip);}}@Overridepublic Object deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException {if (bytes == null || bytes.length == 0) {return null;}ByteArrayOutputStream bos = null;ByteArrayInputStream bis = null;GZIPInputStream gzip = null;try {bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] compressed = new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer( new String(bytes));;bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(compressed);gzip = new GZIPInputStream(bis);byte[] buff = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];int n;// uncompresswhile ((n = gzip.read(buff, 0, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0) {bos.write(buff, 0, n);}//deserializeObject result = jacksonRedisSerializer.deserialize(bos.toByteArray());return result;} catch (Exception e) {throw new SerializationException("Gzip deserizelie error", e);} finally {IOUtils.closeQuietly(bos);IOUtils.closeQuietly(bis);IOUtils.closeQuietly(gzip);}}private static JacksonRedisSerializer<User> getValueSerializer() {JacksonRedisSerializer<User> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new JacksonRedisSerializer<>(User.class);ObjectMapper mapper=new ObjectMapper();jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);return jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;}}

java序列化


package com.et.gzip.config;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.type.TypeFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;@Slf4j
public class JacksonRedisSerializer<T> implements RedisSerializer<T> {public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET;private final JavaType javaType;private ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();public JacksonRedisSerializer(Class<T> type) {this.javaType = this.getJavaType(type);}public JacksonRedisSerializer(JavaType javaType) {this.javaType = javaType;}public T deserialize(@Nullable byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException {if (bytes == null || bytes.length == 0) {return null;} else {try {return this.objectMapper.readValue(bytes, 0, bytes.length, this.javaType);} catch (Exception var3) {throw new SerializationException("Could not read JSON: " + var3.getMessage(), var3);}}}public byte[] serialize(@Nullable Object t) throws SerializationException {if (t == null) {return  new byte[0];} else {try {return this.objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(t);} catch (Exception var3) {throw new SerializationException("Could not write JSON: " + var3.getMessage(), var3);}}}public void setObjectMapper(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {Assert.notNull(objectMapper, "'objectMapper' must not be null");this.objectMapper = objectMapper;}protected JavaType getJavaType(Class<?> clazz) {return TypeFactory.defaultInstance().constructType(clazz);}static {DEFAULT_CHARSET = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;}
}

redis序列化

package com.et.gzip.config;import com.et.gzip.model.User;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;@Configuration
public class RedisWithJacksonConfig {@Bean(name="redisTemplateWithJackson")public RedisTemplate<String, User> redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory) {CompressRedis  compressRedis =  new CompressRedis();//redisTemplateRedisTemplate<String, User> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(lettuceConnectionFactory);RedisSerializer<?> stringSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(stringSerializer);redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(compressRedis);redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(stringSerializer);redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(compressRedis);redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();return redisTemplate;}
}

application.yaml

spring:redis:host: 127.0.0.1port: 6379database: 10password: 123456timeout: 10slettuce:pool:min-idle: 0max-idle: 8max-active: 8max-wait: -1ms
server:port: 8088compression:enabled: truemime-types: application/json,application/xml,text/html,text/plain,text/css,application/x-javascript

以上只是一些关键代码，所有代码请参见下面代码仓库

代码仓库

https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo(gzip)

4.测试

启动spring boot应用
用postman访问http://127.0.0.1:8088/redis

可以看到redis里面存储的是gzip压缩的内容

查看控制台日志

2024-08-26 14:37:56.445 INFO 43832 --- [nio-8088-exec-5] com.et.gzip.config.CompressRedis : bytes size371
2024-08-26 14:37:56.445 INFO 43832 --- [nio-8088-exec-5] com.et.gzip.config.CompressRedis : result size58

JSON经过gzip压缩，371-->58, 数据大小减少7-8倍