SpringCloud学习(9)-GateWay网关-自定义拦截器

GateWay Filter详细配置说明

gateway Filter官网:Spring Cloud Gateway

作用：

请求鉴权
异常处理
记录接口调用时长统计

过滤器类别

全局默认过滤器：官网：Spring Cloud Gateway，出厂默认已有的，直接用，作用于所有的路由,不推荐。
单一内置过滤器：官网：Spring Cloud Gateway，也可以称为网关过滤器，这种过滤器主要是作用于单一路由或者某个路由分组
自定义过滤器

过滤器配置详解

常见内置过滤器

增删改请求头响应头

 spring:cloud:gateway:routes:- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1                #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名#uri: http://localhost:8001                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址uri: lb://cloud-payment-service                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址predicates:- Path=/pay/gateway/get/**              # 断言，路径相匹配的进行路由filters:- AddRequestHeader=X-Request-username,value  # 请求头kv，若一头含有多参则重写一行设置- RemoveRequestHeader=sec-fetch-site  # 删除请求头sec-fetch-site- SetRequestHeader=sec-fetch-mode, Blue-updatebyzzyy # 将请求头sec-fetch-mode对应的值修改为Blue-updatebyzzyy- AddRequestParameter=customerId,9527001 # 新增请求参数Parameter：k ，v- RemoveRequestParameter=customerName   # 删除url请求参数customerName，你传递过来也是null- AddResponseHeader=X-Response-hello, BlueResponse # 新增响应参数X-Response-atguigu并设值为BlueResponse- SetResponseHeader=Date,2099-11-11 # 设置回应头Date值为2099-11-11- RemoveResponseHeader=Content-Type # 将默认自带Content-Type回应属性删除

对微服务路径和前缀进行配置:前缀修改

 spring:cloud:gateway:routes:- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1                #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名#uri: http://localhost:8001                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址uri: lb://cloud-payment-service                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址predicates:#- Path=/pay/gateway/filter/**   # 被分拆为: PrefixPath + Path- Path=/gateway/filter/**              # 断言，为配合PrefixPath测试过滤，暂时注释掉/pay filters:- PrefixPath=/pay # http://localhost:9527/pay/gateway/filter

路径修改

 spring:cloud:gateway:routes:- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1                #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名#uri: http://localhost:8001                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址uri: lb://cloud-payment-service                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址predicates:#- Path=/pay/gateway/filter/**   # 被分拆为: PrefixPath + Path- Path=/XYZ/abc/{segment}              # 断言，为配合SetPath测试，{segment}的内容最后被SetPath取代filters:- SetPath=/pay/gateway/{segment}  # {segment}表示占位符，你写abc也行但要上下一致

重定向

spring:cloud:gateway:routes:- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1                #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名#uri: http://localhost:8001                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址uri: lb://cloud-payment-service                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址predicates:- Path=/gateway/filter/**              # 断言，为配合PrefixPath测试过滤，暂时注释掉/pay filters:- RedirectTo=302, http://www.baidu.com/ # 访问

自定义过滤器：自定义全局过滤器获取接口耗时(不用配置，默认全局生效)


import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
/*** @author sun* @date 2024/4/1*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class CustomGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {public static final String START_VISIT_TIME = "startVisitTime";@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {exchange.getAttributes().put(START_VISIT_TIME, System.currentTimeMillis());return chain.filter(exchange).then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {Long startVisitTime = exchange.getAttribute(START_VISIT_TIME);if (startVisitTime != null) {long endVisitTime = System.currentTimeMillis();log.info("=================================================");log.info("访问接口主机: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getHost());log.info("访问接口端口: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getPort());log.info("访问接口URL: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getPath());log.info("访问接口参数: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getRawQuery());log.info("访问接口耗时: {}ms", (endVisitTime - startVisitTime));log.info("=================================================");}}));}// 数字越小优先级越高@Overridepublic int getOrder() {return -1;}
}

自定义过滤器：自定义单一过滤器(需要在配置文件设置)

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractGatewayFilterFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.List;/*** @author sun* @date 2024/4/1*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory.Config> {public CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory() {super(CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory.Config.class);}@Overridepublic GatewayFilter apply(CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory.Config config) {return (exchange, chain) -> {log.info("进入单一的过滤器 status: {}", config.getStatus());ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();if (request.getQueryParams().containsKey(config.getStatus())) {return chain.filter(exchange);}exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();};}@Overridepublic List<String> shortcutFieldOrder() {return List.of("status");}@Getter@Setterpublic static class Config {private String status; // 设置一个标志位, 匹配上才能访问}}

配置：