1 批量插入
1.1 批量执行SQL语句
当需要成批插入或者更新记录时,可以采用Java的批量更新机制,这一机制允许多条语句一次性提交给数据库批量处理。通常情况下比单独提交处理更有效率
JDBC的批量处理语句包括下面三个方法:
- addBatch(String):添加需要批量处理的SQL语句或是参数;
- executeBatch():执行批量处理语句;
- clearBatch():清空缓存的数据
通常我们会遇到两种批量执行SQL语句的情况:
- 多条SQL语句的批量处理;
- 一个SQL语句的批量传参;
1.2 高效的批量插入
举例:向数据表中插入20000条数据
- 数据库中提供一个goods表。创建如下:
CREATE TABLE goods(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20)
);
1.2.1 实现层次一:使用Statement
Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
Statement st = conn.createStatement();
for(int i = 1;i <= 20000;i++){String sql = "insert into goods(name) values('name_' + "+ i +")";st.executeUpdate(sql);
}
1.2.2 实现层次二:使用PreparedStatement
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();String sql = "insert into goods(name)values(?)";
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i = 1;i <= 20000;i++){ps.setString(1, "name_" + i);ps.executeUpdate();
}long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("花费的时间为:" + (end - start));//82340JDBCUtils.closeResource(conn, ps);
1.2.2 实现层次二:进一步优化 (最终版)
/*** ClassName: InsertTest* Description:* 使用PreparedStatement实现批量数据操作* update、delete 本身就具有批量操作的效果* 此时批量操作,主要是指的批量插入 使用PreparedStatement如何实现高效的批量插入?** @Create 2023/10/30 18:36* @Version 1.0*/
public class InsertTest {// 批量插入方式二:使用PreparedStatement@Testpublic void testInsert() {Connection conn = null;PreparedStatement ps = null;try {long start = System.currentTimeMillis();conn = JDBCUtil.getConnection();String sql = "insert into goods(name) values (?)";ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);for (int i = 0; i < 2000; i++) {ps.setObject(1, "name_" + i);ps.execute();}long end = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("花费的时间 = " + (end - start));} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);} finally {JDBCUtil.closeResource(conn, ps);}}/*** 批量插入方式三:使用PreparedStatement (最终版)* 1 addBatch() executeBatch clearBatch()* 2 mysql服务器默认是关闭批处理的,我们需要通过一个参数,让mysql开启批处理* rewriteBatchedStatements=true*/@Testpublic void testInsert2() {Connection conn = null;PreparedStatement ps = null;try {long start = System.currentTimeMillis();conn = JDBCUtil.getConnection();String sql = "insert into goods(name) values (?)";ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);for (int i = 1; i <= 2000; i++) {ps.setObject(1, "name_" + i);// 1 攒 sqlps.addBatch();if (i % 500==0){// 2 执行batchps.executeBatch();// 3 清空batchps.clearBatch();}}long end = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("花费的时间 = " + (end - start));} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);} finally {JDBCUtil.closeResource(conn, ps);}}/*** 批量插入方式四:设置链接不允许自动提交* 1 addBatch() executeBatch clearBatch()* 2 mysql服务器默认是关闭批处理的,我们需要通过一个参数,让mysql开启批处理* rewriteBatchedStatements=true*/@Testpublic void testInsert3() {Connection conn = null;PreparedStatement ps = null;try {long start = System.currentTimeMillis();conn = JDBCUtil.getConnection();// 设置不允许提交conn.setAutoCommit(false);String sql = "insert into goods(name) values (?)";ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);for (int i = 1; i <= 2000; i++) {ps.setObject(1, "name_" + i);// 1 攒 sqlps.addBatch();if (i % 500==0){// 2 执行batchps.executeBatch();// 3 清空batchps.clearBatch();}}// 提交数据conn.commit();long end = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("花费的时间 = " + (end - start));} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);} finally {JDBCUtil.closeResource(conn, ps);}}}