[NOIP2012 提高组] Vigenère 密码
题目描述
16 世纪法国外交家 Blaise de Vigenère 设计了一种多表密码加密算法 Vigenère 密码。Vigenère 密码的加密解密算法简单易用,且破译难度比较高,曾在美国南北战争中为南军所广泛使用。
在密码学中,我们称需要加密的信息为明文,用 M M M 表示;称加密后的信息为密文,用 C C C 表示;而密钥是一种参数,是将明文转换为密文或将密文转换为明文的算法中输入的数据,记为 k k k。在 Vigenère 密码中,密钥 k k k 是一个字母串, k = k 1 , k 2 , … , k n k=k_1,k_2,…,k_n k=k1,k2,…,kn。当明文 M = m 1 , m 2 , … , m n M=m_1,m_2,…,m_n M=m1,m2,…,mn 时,得到的密文 C = c 1 , c 2 , … , c n C=c_1,c_2,…,c_n C=c1,c2,…,cn,其中 c i c_i ci= m i ® k i m_i \operatorname{\circledR} k_i mi®ki,运算 ® \circledR ® 的规则如下表所示:
$$\begin{array}{c|cccccccccccccccccccccccccc}
\circledR &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} \\hline
\tt A &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} \
\tt B &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} \
\tt C &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} \
\tt D &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} \
\tt E &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} \
\tt F &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} \
\tt G &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} \
\tt H &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} \
\tt I &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} \
\tt J &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} \
\tt K &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} \
\tt L &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} \
\tt M &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} \
\tt N &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} \
\tt O &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} \
\tt P &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} \
\tt Q &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} \
\tt R &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} \
\tt S &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} \
\tt T &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} \
\tt U &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} \
\tt V &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} \
\tt W &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} \
\tt X &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} \
\tt Y &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} \
\tt Z &\tt Z \kern{-5pt} &\tt A \kern{-5pt} &\tt B \kern{-5pt} &\tt C \kern{-5pt} &\tt D \kern{-5pt} &\tt E \kern{-5pt} &\tt F \kern{-5pt} &\tt G \kern{-5pt} &\tt H \kern{-5pt} &\tt I \kern{-5pt} &\tt J \kern{-5pt} &\tt K \kern{-5pt} &\tt L \kern{-5pt} &\tt M \kern{-5pt} &\tt N \kern{-5pt} &\tt O \kern{-5pt} &\tt P \kern{-5pt} &\tt Q \kern{-5pt} &\tt R \kern{-5pt} &\tt S \kern{-5pt} &\tt T \kern{-5pt} &\tt U \kern{-5pt} &\tt V \kern{-5pt} &\tt W \kern{-5pt} &\tt X \kern{-5pt} &\tt Y \kern{-5pt} \
\end{array}
$$
Vigenère 加密在操作时需要注意:
- ® \circledR ® 运算忽略参与运算的字母的大小写,并保持字母在明文 M M M 中的大小写形式;
- 当明文 M M M 的长度大于密钥 k k k 的长度时,将密钥 k k k 重复使用。
例如,明文 M = Helloworld M=\texttt{Helloworld} M=Helloworld,密钥 k = abc k=\texttt{abc} k=abc 时,密文 C = Hfnlpyosnd C=\texttt{Hfnlpyosnd} C=Hfnlpyosnd。
KaTeX parse error: Expected a control sequence at position 6: \def{̲\arraystretch}{…
输入格式
共 2 行。
第一行为一个字符串,表示密钥 k k k,长度不超过 100 100 100,其中仅包含大小写字母。
第二行为一个字符串,表示经加密后的密文,长度不超过 1000 1000 1000,其中仅包含大小写字母。
输出格式
一个字符串,表示输入密钥和密文所对应的明文。
样例 #1
样例输入 #1
CompleteVictory
Yvqgpxaimmklongnzfwpvxmniytm
样例输出 #1
Wherethereisawillthereisaway
提示
对于 100 % 100\% 100% 的数据,输入的密钥的长度不超过 100 100 100,输入的密文的长度不超过 1000 1000 1000,且都仅包含英文字母。
NOIP 2012 提高组 第一天 第一题
完整代码
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
char k[1000],c[1005];
bool l[1005];
int main()
{//freopen("vigenere.in","r",stdin);//freopen("vigenere.out","w",stdout);cin>>k>>c;//cout<<strlen(k);//cout<<int('R')<<" "<<int('P');//65 90//65 97int sk=strlen(k),t=0;//cout<<sk<<endl;for(int i=0;i<sk;i++)k[i]=toupper(k[i]);for(int i=0;i<strlen(c);i++){char past=c[i];c[i]=toupper(c[i]);l[i]=past==c[i]?0:1;}//都换成大写字母,并且记录好哪一个曾经是小写字母for(int i=0;i<strlen(c);i++){if(t>=sk)t=0; //cout<<t<<" ";int m=(int)c[i]-(int)k[t];int k=m;if(m<0){k+=91;if(l[i]==1)k+=32;cout<<(char)k;}//按照表格的规律进行操作if(m>=0){k+=65;if(l[i]==1)k+=32;cout<<(char)k;}t++;//t的作用可以好好看看}/*CompleteVictoryYvqgpxaimmklongnzfwpvxmniytm*///fclose(stdin);//fclose(stdout);return 0;
}