本期分享的主要是使用UDP实现文件下载功能,需要自己编写服务器和客户端,实现的功能主要有以下几个:
(1)服务器可以为请求的用户下发文件数据(前提是服务器得有这个数据文件)
(2)客户端请求下载数据文件
下面带大家来认真分析下,大家可以对照我遇到的问题是不是大家有遇到,避免大家踩坑,server端代码如下:
首先当然还是头文件部分,没这个可不行呀,哈哈:
#ifndef __HEAD_H__
#define __HEAD_H__#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>#endif
1.接下来看一下具体server的代码实现:
#include "head.h"struct sockaddr_in senaddr;//存放服务器的Ip以及端口号的结构体
int bindOfIP(const char *pIp, int Port) //绑定服务器的ip和端口
{int sockfd = 0;int ret = 0;sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);if (-1 == sockfd){perror("fail to sockfd");return -1;}senaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;senaddr.sin_port = htons(Port);senaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(pIp);ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&senaddr, sizeof(senaddr));if (-1 == ret){perror("fail to bind");return -1;}return sockfd;
}
以下是发送文件的模块,自从用了UDP发送数据才知道了IO的部分还比较欠缺,那么来看下那一部分有问题:
(1)当选择fread去读取文件的时候(第二个参数设置为1,也就是每次读取成员的大小一个字节),一定要知道它的返回值就是是成功读取文件字节的个数;只有当参数不是1的时候,那么返回值就是成功读取成员的个数;但是最终读取的成员最终还是存放在了我们定义的第一个参数中了;
ret = fread(tmpbuff, 1, sizeof(tmpbuff), fp);
因此在sendto的第三个参数中我们恰好可以使用fread的返回值;
sendto(sockfd, tmpbuff, ret, 0, sendaddr, len);
(2)不使用字节进行传输时,不能在sendto时把第三个变量换位strlen(tmpbuff),因为二进制文件不允许strlen;
int sendFile(char *filename, int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sendaddr, socklen_t len)
{FILE *fp = NULL;char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};ssize_t ret = 0;char *ptmp = NULL;fp = fopen(filename, "r");if (NULL == fp){perror("fail to fopen");return -1;}printf("开始发送!\n");while(1){memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));ret = fread(tmpbuff, 1, sizeof(tmpbuff), fp);if (ret <= 0){break;}ret = sendto(sockfd, tmpbuff, ret, 0, sendaddr, len);if (-1 == ret){perror("fail to sendto");return -1;}}memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));sprintf(tmpbuff, "__quit__");ret = sendto(sockfd, tmpbuff, strlen(tmpbuff), 0, sendaddr, len);if (-1 == ret){perror("fail to sendto");return -1;}return 0;
}int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{int sockfd = 0;char filename[32] = {0};ssize_t nsize = 0;socklen_t len = sizeof(senaddr);int ret = 0;sockfd = bindOfIP("192.168.209.128", 50000);while (1){nsize = recvfrom(sockfd, filename, sizeof(filename), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&senaddr, &len);if (-1 == nsize){perror("fail to recvfrom");return -1;}else{printf("请求的文件名和路径:filename = %s\n", filename);ret = sendFile(filename, sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&senaddr, len);if (0 == ret){printf("发送成功!\n");}}}return 0;
}
2.下面来看一下client端的实现:
#include "head.h"struct sockaddr_in recvbuf;
int bindOfIP(const char *pIp, int Port)
{int sockfd = 0;int ret = 0;sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);if (-1 == sockfd){perror("fail to sockfd");return -1;}recvbuf.sin_family = AF_INET;recvbuf.sin_port = htons(Port);recvbuf.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(pIp);ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));if (-1 == ret){perror("fail to bind");return -1;}return sockfd;
}
//接收服务器的文件
int recvFile(int sockfd, char *filename)
{FILE *fp = NULL;char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};ssize_t nsize = 0;printf("进来了\n");fp = fopen(filename, "w");if (NULL == fp){perror("fail to fopen");return -1;}while (1){memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));nsize = recvfrom(sockfd, tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff), 0, NULL, NULL);if (nsize <= 0){break;}if (!strcmp("__quit__", tmpbuff)){break;}fwrite(tmpbuff, sizeof(char), nsize, fp);fflush(fp);}fclose(fp);return 0;
}int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{int sockfd = 0;char filename[32] = {0};char *name = NULL;ssize_t nsize = 0;socklen_t len;struct sockaddr_in senaddr;int ret = 0;// sockfd = bindOfIP("192.168.209.129", 50001);如果需要可以绑定自己的IP地址和端口sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);if (-1 == sockfd){perror("fail to sockfd");return -1;}senaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;senaddr.sin_port = htons(50000);senaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.209.128");while (1){printf("请输入您需要下载的文件路径:");gets(filename);nsize = sendto(sockfd, filename, strlen(filename), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&senaddr, sizeof(senaddr));if (-1 == nsize){perror("fail to sendto");return -1;}name = filename + strlen(filename) - 1;while (*name != '/'){--name;}++name;//解析出文件名printf("name = %s\n", name);//调试代码ret = recvFile(sockfd, name);if (0 == ret){printf("接收成功!\n");break;}}return 0;
}
这个就是一个简单的UDP下载服务器的实现,其实也是很简单的,但是需要注意的细节还是很多的,能提高对IO操作以及UDP通信的深入了解;不懂就问,欢迎评论区留言哦!