实现基于Zookeeper的分布式协调服务

实现基于Zookeeper的分布式协调服务

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1. 什么是Zookeeper？

Zookeeper是一个开源的分布式应用程序协调服务，提供高效的分布式数据管理和协调能力。它主要用于解决分布式应用中的数据一致性问题，如服务注册与发现、分布式锁、配置管理等。

2. 在Spring Boot中集成Zookeeper

在Spring Boot项目中，我们可以利用Zookeeper来实现分布式协调服务。接下来我们将介绍如何配置、连接和使用Zookeeper。

2.1. 添加依赖

首先，在Spring Boot的pom.xml中添加Zookeeper的依赖：

<dependency><groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId><artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId><version>3.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId><artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId><version>5.1.0</version>
</dependency>

2.2. 配置Zookeeper连接

在application.properties中配置Zookeeper连接信息：

zookeeper.connect-string=localhost:2181

2.3. 编写Zookeeper服务

创建一个Zookeeper服务类，用于连接、操作Zookeeper：

package cn.juwatech.zookeeper;import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;@Service
public class ZookeeperService {@Value("${zookeeper.connect-string}")private String connectString;private CuratorFramework client;@PostConstructprivate void init() {client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient(connectString, new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3));client.start();}public void createNode(String path, byte[] data) throws Exception {client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath(path, data);}public void setData(String path, byte[] data) throws Exception {client.setData().forPath(path, data);}public byte[] getData(String path) throws Exception {return client.getData().forPath(path);}public void deleteNode(String path) throws Exception {client.delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath(path);}public void close() {client.close();}
}

2.4. 使用Zookeeper实现分布式锁

示例代码中，我们展示了如何使用Zookeeper实现简单的分布式锁：

package cn.juwatech.zookeeper;import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.locks.InterProcessMutex;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;@Service
public class DistributedLockService {@Autowiredprivate ZookeeperService zookeeperService;private InterProcessMutex lock;@PostConstructprivate void init() {lock = new InterProcessMutex(zookeeperService.getClient(), "/distributed-lock");}public void acquireLock() throws Exception {lock.acquire();}public void releaseLock() throws Exception {lock.release();}
}