目录
一、LNMP架构概述
1.项目环境
2.服务器环境
3.需求
二、搭建Linux系统基础镜像
三、部署Nginx
1.建立工作目录
2.编写Dockerfile脚本
3.准备Nginx.conf配置文件
4.生成镜像
5.创建自定义网络
6.启动镜像容器
7.验证Nginx
三、部署Mysql
1.建立工作目录
2.编写Dockerfile
3.准备my.cnf文件
4.生成镜像
5.启动镜像容器
6.验证Mysql
四、部署Php
1.建立工作目录
2.编写Dockerfile
3.准备php.ini、php-fpm.conf和www.conf配置文件
3.1编写php.ini配置文件
3.2编写php-fpm.conf配置文件
3.3编写www.conf配置文件
4.生成镜像
5.启动镜像容器
6.验证php
五、启动Wordpress服务
1.Mysql数据库授权
2.浏览器访问测试
一、LNMP架构概述
L：Linux平台，操作系统，另外桑组件的运行平台
N：nginx 提供前端页面
M：MySQL，开源关系的数据库，主要是用来保存用户账号信息。
P：PHP，开发一种动态页面的编程语言，解释解析动态页面，起到中间件的作用。（nginx和数据库的中间，沟通nginx和数据库，已请求数据库上的信息）
lnmp：企业网站的应用模式之一。早期的论坛架构就是lnmp搭建的
1.项目环境
公司在实际的生产环境中，需要使用Docker技术在一台主机上创建LNMP服务并运行Wordpress网站平台，然后对此服务进行相关的性能调优和管理工作。
2.服务器环境
| 容器 | IP地址 | 主要软件 |
|---|---|---|
| Nginx | 172.20.0.10 | Docker-Nginx |
| Mysql | 172.20.0.20 | Docker-Mysql |
| PHP | 172.20.0.30 | Docker-Php |
3.需求
- 使用Docker创建LNMP环境并运行Wordpress网站
- 限制Nginx容器最多使用500MB的内存和1GB的Swap
- 限制Mysql容器写/dev/sda的速率为10MB/s
- 将所有容器进行，然后将Docker镜像
二、搭建Linux系统基础镜像
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull centos:7
#从公有仓库中下载 centos7 作为系统基础镜像
[root@localhost ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 2 years ago 204MB
三、部署Nginx
1.建立工作目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#上传 nginx 安装包 nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
[root@docker nginx]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#上传 wordpress 服务包 wordpress-6.1.1-zh_CN.zip2.编写Dockerfile脚本
[root@localhost nginx]# vim DockerfileFROM centos:7
#用户信息
MAINTAINER this is nginx image <lnmp>
#添加环境包
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#上传nginx软件压缩包，并解压
ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /opt/
#指定工作目录
WORKDIR /opt/nginx-1.22.0
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
ADD wordpress-6.1.1-zh_CN.zip /usr/local/nginx/html
RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/nginx/html/" ]
#指定http和https端口
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#关闭 nginx 在后台运行
#添加宿主机中run.sh到容器中
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /run.sh
CMD ["/run.sh"]
#CMD ["/usr/local/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"][root@localhost nginx]#vim run.sh
[root@localhost nginx]#cat run.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx3.准备Nginx.conf配置文件
[root@localhost nginx]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {worker_connections 1024;
}
http {include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;sendfile on;keepalive_timeout 65;server {listen 80;server_name localhost;charset utf-8;location / {root html;index index.html index.php;}error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root html;}location ~ \.php$ {root html;fastcgi_pass 172.20.0.30:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;include fastcgi_params;}}
}
4.生成镜像
[root@localhost nginx]# docker build -t nginx:lnmp .
[root@localhost nginx]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx lnmp c58b74b073a6 2 minutes ago 945MB
centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 2 years ago 204MB5.创建自定义网络
[root@localhost nginx]#docker network create --subnet=172.20.0.0/16 --opt "com.docker.network.bridge.name"="docker1" mynetwork
b670bf7109003688dd5fa7c5d814527f842997d7f3dfdfcb04fc0894701e4057
[root@localhost nginx]#docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
e2cc5ac53bc5 bridge bridge local
675fa9e17777 host host local
b670bf710900 mynetwork bridge local
280bac5f6c07 none null local
[root@localhost nginx]#ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255inet6 fe80::42:d7ff:fe17:f6c7 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 02:42:d7:17:f6:c7 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 39915 bytes 1611972 (1.5 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 73683 bytes 138871014 (132.4 MiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0docker1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.20.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.20.255.2556.启动镜像容器
[root@localhost nginx]#docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -m 500m --memory-swap 1g --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.10 nginx:lnmp
e0dbb5d14e798e1fa315ad2d58aeb530bd9dce52ed85d53e06b4ff57d5b2343c[root@localhost nginx]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e0dbb5d14e79 lnmp:nginx "/run.sh" 15 seconds ago Up 14 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx······[root@localhost nginx]# docker inspect nginx"Networks": {"mynetwork": {"IPAMConfig": {"IPv4Address": "172.20.0.10"7.验证Nginx
[root@localhost nginx]#curl 172.20.0.10
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>三、部署Mysql
1.建立工作目录
[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir /opt/mysql
[root@localhost nginx]# cd /opt/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#传入mysql安装包mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz2.编写Dockerfile
[root@localhost mysql]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is mysql image <lnmp>
RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1;make -j4;make install
ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
EXPOSE 3306
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin/
RUN ./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data;cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/;systemctl enable mysqld
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/mysql" ]
CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
3.准备my.cnf文件
[root@localhost mysql]# vim my.cnf[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
4.生成镜像
[root@docker mysql]# docker build -t mysql:lnmp .
[root@localhost mysql]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql lnmp e27bd3614a1d About a minute ago 10.1GB
lnmp nginx a5c5710e1bf1 About an hour ago 895MB
centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 2 years ago 204MB
5.启动镜像容器
[root@localhost mysql]# docker run --name=mysql -d --privileged --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10M -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.20 mysql:lnmp
d18533a527b17c3a1aacf0eb72f264c77acbe0ceb20ab23be88c7dcabe4bc52c
[root@localhost mysql]#docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d18533a527b1 mysql:lnmp "/usr/sbin/init" 48 seconds ago Up 32 seconds 3306/tcp mysql
e0dbb5d14e79 lnmp:nginx "/run.sh" 59 minutes ago Up 59 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx6.验证Mysql
[root@localhost mysql]#docker exec -it mysql bash
[root@d18533a527b1 bin]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@d18533a527b1 bin]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: activating (start) since Sun 2024-04-28 01:23:41 UTC; 1min 6s agoDocs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlProcess: 79 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Process: 48 ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)CGroup: /docker/d18533a527b17c3a1aacf0eb72f264c77acbe0ceb20ab23be88c7dcabe4bc52c/system.slice/mysqld.service└─83 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/l...Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.992564Z 0 [....
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.993599Z 0 [....
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.993627Z 0 [....
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.997795Z 0 [...s
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.997971Z 0 [....
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: Version: '5.7.20' socket: '/us...n
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.997977Z 0 [....
Apr 28 01:23:44 d18533a527b1 mysqld[79]: 2024-04-28T01:23:44.997979Z 0 [...s
Apr 28 01:23:45 d18533a527b1 systemd[1]: New main PID 83 does not belong....
Apr 28 01:23:45 d18533a527b1 systemd[1]: New main PID 83 does not belong....
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
四、部署Php
1.建立工作目录
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir ../php
[root@localhost mysql]# cd ../php/
[root@localhost php]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#传入php安装包php-7.1.10.tar.bz22.编写Dockerfile
[root@localhost php]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is php image <lnmp>
RUN yum install -y gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip ; make -j 4 ; make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
EXPOSE 9000
CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F3.准备php.ini、php-fpm.conf和www.conf配置文件
3.1编写php.ini配置文件
该配置文件模板位于安装目录的 php-7.1.10/php.ini-development 位置[root@localhost php]# vim php.ini#939行,取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
#1170行,修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@localhost php]# egrep -v "^;" php.ini | egrep -v "^$"
[PHP]
engine = On
short_open_tag = Off
precision = 14
output_buffering = 4096
zlib.output_compression = Off
implicit_flush = Off
unserialize_callback_func =
serialize_precision = -1
disable_functions =
disable_classes =
zend.enable_gc = On
expose_php = On
max_execution_time = 30
max_input_time = 60
memory_limit = 128M
error_reporting = E_ALL
display_errors = On
display_startup_errors = On
log_errors = On
log_errors_max_len = 1024
ignore_repeated_errors = Off
ignore_repeated_source = Off
report_memleaks = On
track_errors = On
html_errors = On
variables_order = "GPCS"
request_order = "GP"
register_argc_argv = Off
auto_globals_jit = On
post_max_size = 8M
auto_prepend_file =
auto_append_file =
default_mimetype = "text/html"
default_charset = "UTF-8"
doc_root =
user_dir =
enable_dl = Off
file_uploads = On
upload_max_filesize = 2M
max_file_uploads = 20
allow_url_fopen = On
allow_url_include = Off
default_socket_timeout = 60
[CLI Server]
cli_server.color = On
[Date]
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[filter]
[iconv]
[intl]
[sqlite3]
[Pcre]
[Pdo]
[Pdo_mysql]
pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000
pdo_mysql.default_socket=
[Phar]
[mail function]
SMTP = localhost
smtp_port = 25
mail.add_x_header = On
[SQL]
sql.safe_mode = Off
[ODBC]
odbc.allow_persistent = On
odbc.check_persistent = On
odbc.max_persistent = -1
odbc.max_links = -1
odbc.defaultlrl = 4096
odbc.defaultbinmode = 1
[Interbase]
ibase.allow_persistent = 1
ibase.max_persistent = -1
ibase.max_links = -1
ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"
ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"
[MySQLi]
mysqli.max_persistent = -1
mysqli.allow_persistent = On
mysqli.max_links = -1
mysqli.cache_size = 2000
mysqli.default_port = 3306
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_host =
mysqli.default_user =
mysqli.default_pw =
mysqli.reconnect = Off
[mysqlnd]
mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On
mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On
[OCI8]
[PostgreSQL]
pgsql.allow_persistent = On
pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off
pgsql.max_persistent = -1
pgsql.max_links = -1
pgsql.ignore_notice = 0
pgsql.log_notice = 0
[bcmath]
bcmath.scale = 0
[browscap]
[Session]
session.save_handler = files
session.use_strict_mode = 0
session.use_cookies = 1
session.use_only_cookies = 1
session.name = PHPSESSID
session.auto_start = 0
session.cookie_lifetime = 0
session.cookie_path = /
session.cookie_domain =
session.cookie_httponly =
session.serialize_handler = php
session.gc_probability = 1
session.gc_divisor = 1000
session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440
session.referer_check =
session.cache_limiter = nocache
session.cache_expire = 180
session.use_trans_sid = 0
session.sid_length = 26
session.trans_sid_tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form="
session.sid_bits_per_character = 5
[Assertion]
zend.assertions = 1
[COM]
[mbstring]
[gd]
[exif]
[Tidy]
tidy.clean_output = Off
[soap]
soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1
soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"
soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400
soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5
[sysvshm]
[ldap]
ldap.max_links = -1
[mcrypt]
[dba]
[opcache]
[curl]
[openssl]
3.2编写php-fpm.conf配置文件
该配置文件位于 /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default[root@localhost php]# vim php-fpm.conf #17行，删除注释符号“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
[root@localhost php]# egrep -v "^;" php-fpm.conf | egrep -v "^$"
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf3.3编写www.conf配置文件
该配置文件位于 usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default[root@localhost php]# vim www.conf #23、24行，修改用户和组
user = nginx
group = nginx
#36行，修改监听IP和端口为容器IP:9000端口
listen = 172.20.0.30:9000
[root@localhost php]# egrep -v "^;" www.conf | egrep -v "^$"
[www]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 172.20.0.30:9000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
4.生成镜像
[root@localhost php]# docker build -t php:lnmp .
[root@localhost php]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
php lnmp 145c2632ddf3 3 minutes ago 1.4GB
mysql lnmp e27bd3614a1d 22 minutes ago 10.1GB
lnmp nginx a5c5710e1bf1 2 hours ago 895MB
centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 2 years ago 204MB
5.启动镜像容器
[root@localhost php]# docker run -itd --name php --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.30 -p 9000:9000 --volumes-from nginx --volumes-from mysql php:lnmp
02254fedc4e6976998b5a60083c28af6040cdfcd3d16b2cc3a6c5dc40b0c5972
[root@localhost php]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
02254fedc4e6 php:lnmp "/bin/sh -c '/usr/lo…" 12 seconds ago Up 11 seconds 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp, :::9000->9000/tcp php
d18533a527b1 mysql:lnmp "/usr/sbin/init" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes 3306/tcp mysql
e0dbb5d14e79 lnmp:nginx "/run.sh" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx6.验证php
[root@localhost php]# docker exec -it php bash
[root@localhost php]#docker exec -it php bash
[root@02254fedc4e6 php-7.1.10]# ps -aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.4 113028 7520 pts/0 Ss+ 01:43 0:00 php-fpm: m
nginx 7 0.0 0.2 113028 3772 pts/0 S+ 01:43 0:00 php-fpm: p
nginx 8 0.0 0.2 113028 3772 pts/0 S+ 01:43 0:00 php-fpm: p
root 9 0.1 0.1 11828 1888 pts/1 Ss 01:44 0:00 bash
root 23 0.0 0.0 51732 1728 pts/1 R+ 01:44 0:00 ps -aux五、启动Wordpress服务
1.Mysql数据库授权
[root@localhost nginx]# docker exec -it mysql bash
[root@0a4ad94e00e8 bin]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
#初始密码为空
mysql> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)2.浏览器访问测试
访问http://192.168.241.11/wordpress/index.php
