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实现原理

本文源码基于spring-aop-5.3.31版本，测试代码如下：

java">@Aspect
@Component
public class UserAspect {@Pointcut("execution(* org.example..*..UserService.*(..))")private void pointcut() {}@Around("pointcut()")public Object aroundUserServiceOperation(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {  //2long start = System.currentTimeMillis();Object retVal = pjp.proceed();long duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;System.out.printf("time for pointcut method is %d seconds%n", duration);return retVal;}
}@Service
public class UserService {public String login(String username, String password) {return String.format(" %s login with password: %s\n", username, password);}
}@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/user")
public class UserController {@ResourceUserService userService;@PostMapping("/login")public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password) {return userService.login(username, password);}
}

启动类

java">@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);}
}

EnableAspectJAutoProxy

@Import(AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar.class)
public @interface EnableAspectJAutoProxy {/*** 指定代理方式是CGLIB还是基于接口的动态代理*/boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;/*** 是否暴露代理对象，暴露可以通过AopContext拿到*/boolean exposeProxy() default false;
}

导入了这个AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar，实际上是一个ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar实现。我们知道，@Import + ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar结合使用的效果就是向容器中注入一些Bean。

java">class AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {/*** 注册, 配置AspectJ代理*/@Overridepublic void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {// 这一步就是所有的注册过程AopConfigUtils.registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);AnnotationAttributes enableAspectJAutoProxy =AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(importingClassMetadata, EnableAspectJAutoProxy.class);if (enableAspectJAutoProxy != null) {if (enableAspectJAutoProxy.getBoolean("proxyTargetClass")) {AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);}if (enableAspectJAutoProxy.getBoolean("exposeProxy")) {AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToExposeProxy(registry);}}}
}

通过AopConfigUtils.registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);可以看到

java">@Nullable
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {return registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry, null);
}@Nullable
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
}@Nullable
private static BeanDefinition registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(Class<?> cls, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");// AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME// org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreatorif (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {BeanDefinition apcDefinition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);if (!cls.getName().equals(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName())) {int currentPriority = findPriorityForClass(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName());int requiredPriority = findPriorityForClass(cls);if (currentPriority < requiredPriority) {apcDefinition.setBeanClassName(cls.getName());}}return null;}RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(cls);beanDefinition.setSource(source);beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("order", Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);beanDefinition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);registry.registerBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME, beanDefinition);return beanDefinition;
}

从上面的内容来看，AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar的工作就是注册一个AspectJAutoProxyCreator的东西，默认是org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator，如果容器种已经有了一个名称为org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator的Bean，那么会优先使用它，否则使用AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator

AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator 代理创建过程

AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的子类，负责处理所有AspectJ注解，以及所有Spring的Advisor。所有AspectJ注解的类都会被自动识别

主要关注点，它是一个BeanPostProcessor

最终org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator找到了Bean的后置处理逻辑

java">@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(beanClass, beanName);if (!StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) || !this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {if (this.advisedBeans.containsKey(cacheKey)) {return null;}if (isInfrastructureClass(beanClass) || shouldSkip(beanClass, beanName)) {this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);return null;}}// Create proxy here if we have a custom TargetSource.// Suppresses unnecessary default instantiation of the target bean:// The TargetSource will handle target instances in a custom fashion.TargetSource targetSource = getCustomTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);if (targetSource != null) {if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName)) {this.targetSourcedBeans.add(beanName);}Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(beanClass, beanName, targetSource);Object proxy = createProxy(beanClass, beanName, specificInterceptors, targetSource);this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());return proxy;}return null;
}/*** Create a proxy with the configured interceptors if the bean is* identified as one to proxy by the subclass.* @see #getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean*/
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) {// bean 就是被代理对象if (bean != null) {Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);if (this.earlyProxyReferences.remove(cacheKey) != bean) {return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);}}return bean;
}

代理是需要创建代理对象和被代理对象的

wrapIfNecessary

java">protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {return bean;}if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {return bean;}// 下面四个类不会被代理：Advice, Pointcut, Advisor, AopInfrastructureBeanif (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);return bean;}// Create proxy if we have advice.Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);Object proxy = createProxy(bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());return proxy;}this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);return bean;
}

getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean

对于指定的Bean，获取可用的切面，如果没有切面，则无需生成代理

org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator实现了这个方法

java">@Override
protected Object[] getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, @Nullable TargetSource targetSource) {List<Advisor> advisors = findEligibleAdvisors(beanClass, beanName);if (advisors.isEmpty()) {return DO_NOT_PROXY;}return advisors.toArray();
}protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {// 获取所有的AdvisorList<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = findCandidateAdvisors();// 找到与beanClass相关联的那些AdvisorList<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {eligibleAdvisors = sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);}return eligibleAdvisors;
}

findCandidateAdvisors

java">/*** Find all candidate Advisors to use in auto-proxying.* @return the List of candidate Advisors*/
protected List<Advisor> findCandidateAdvisors() {Assert.state(this.advisorRetrievalHelper != null, "No BeanFactoryAdvisorRetrievalHelper available");return this.advisorRetrievalHelper.findAdvisorBeans();
}

AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator中继承了此方法

java">@Override
protected List<Advisor> findCandidateAdvisors() {// Add all the Spring advisors found according to superclass rules.List<Advisor> advisors = super.findCandidateAdvisors();// Build Advisors for all AspectJ aspects in the bean factory.if (this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder != null) {advisors.addAll(this.aspectJAdvisorsBuilder.buildAspectJAdvisors());}return advisors;
}

切面的查找实际上委托给了BeanFactoryAdvisorRetrievalHelper和BeanFactoryAspectJAdvisorsBuilder这两个类来完成的

BeanFactoryAdvisorRetrievalHelper用于从BeanFactory中获取org.springframework.aop.Advisor接口的实现类，核心逻辑如下（省略了部分不重要的代码）

java">public List<Advisor> findAdvisorBeans() {// Determine list of advisor bean names, if not cached already.String[] advisorNames = this.cachedAdvisorBeanNames;if (advisorNames == null) {// 获取所有Advisor类型的Bean名称，同时缓存到 this.cachedAdvisorBeanNamesadvisorNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(this.beanFactory, Advisor.class, true, false);this.cachedAdvisorBeanNames = advisorNames;}if (advisorNames.length == 0) {return new ArrayList<>();}List<Advisor> advisors = new ArrayList<>();for (String name : advisorNames) {if (isEligibleBean(name)) {// 忽略正在创建的Beanif (this.beanFactory.isCurrentlyInCreation(name)) {// 记录日志} else {// ....advisors.add(this.beanFactory.getBean(name, Advisor.class));// ....}}}return advisors;
}

BeanFactoryAspectJAdvisorsBuilder

在项目启动的过程中，项目中的所有切面会被 AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator 解析，它会找到切面中的每一个通知以及通知对应的切点，拿这二者构建一个新的对象，这个对象就是 Advisor。最后将所有解析得到的增强器注入到容器中。

BeanFactoryAspectJAdvisorsBuilder这个类的操作是获取所有Advisor

创建代理

findAdvisorsThatCanApply

此方法的作用是找到目标类可用的Advisor列表

java">protected List<Advisor> findAdvisorsThatCanApply(List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors, Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {ProxyCreationContext.setCurrentProxiedBeanName(beanName);try {return AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass);} finally {ProxyCreationContext.setCurrentProxiedBeanName(null);}
}

判断Advisor和目标类是否匹配

1. IntroductionAdvisor：使用ClassFilter类进行匹配
2. PointcutAdvisor：使用Pointcut来进行匹配

java">public static boolean canApply(Advisor advisor, Class<?> targetClass, boolean hasIntroductions) {if (advisor instanceof IntroductionAdvisor) {return ((IntroductionAdvisor) advisor).getClassFilter().matches(targetClass);}else if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) {PointcutAdvisor pca = (PointcutAdvisor) advisor;return canApply(pca.getPointcut(), targetClass, hasIntroductions);}else {// It doesn't have a pointcut so we assume it applies.return true;}
}

PointCut类型的

java">public static boolean canApply(Pointcut pc, Class<?> targetClass, boolean hasIntroductions) {Assert.notNull(pc, "Pointcut must not be null");if (!pc.getClassFilter().matches(targetClass)) {return false;}MethodMatcher methodMatcher = pc.getMethodMatcher();if (methodMatcher == MethodMatcher.TRUE) {// No need to iterate the methods if we're matching any method anyway...return true;}// AspectJExpressionPointcutIntroductionAwareMethodMatcher introductionAwareMethodMatcher = null;if (methodMatcher instanceof IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher) {introductionAwareMethodMatcher = (IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher) methodMatcher;}Set<Class<?>> classes = new LinkedHashSet<>();if (!Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass)) {classes.add(ClassUtils.getUserClass(targetClass));}classes.addAll(ClassUtils.getAllInterfacesForClassAsSet(targetClass));for (Class<?> clazz : classes) {Method[] methods = ReflectionUtils.getAllDeclaredMethods(clazz);for (Method method : methods) {if (introductionAwareMethodMatcher != null ?introductionAwareMethodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass, hasIntroductions) :methodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass)) {return true;}}}return false;
}

AspectJExpressionPointcut是一个MethodMatcher的实现，代表了使用AspectJ注解@Pointcut定义的一个切点，比如：

java">@Pointcut("execution(* org.example..*..UserService.*(..))")
private void pointcut() {
}

createProxy

找到Advisor之后下一步就是创建代理对象

java">protected Object createProxy(Class<?> beanClass, @Nullable String beanName,@Nullable Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass);}ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);if (proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {// Explicit handling of JDK proxy targets and lambdas (for introduction advice scenarios)if (Proxy.isProxyClass(beanClass) || ClassUtils.isLambdaClass(beanClass)) {// Must allow for introductions; can't just set interfaces to the proxy's interfaces only.for (Class<?> ifc : beanClass.getInterfaces()) {proxyFactory.addInterface(ifc);}}}else {// No proxyTargetClass flag enforced, let's apply our default checks...if (shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) {proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);}else {evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory);}}Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors);proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);if (advisorsPreFiltered()) {proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true);}// Use original ClassLoader if bean class not locally loaded in overriding class loaderClassLoader classLoader = getProxyClassLoader();if (classLoader instanceof SmartClassLoader && classLoader != beanClass.getClassLoader()) {classLoader = ((SmartClassLoader) classLoader).getOriginalClassLoader();}return proxyFactory.getProxy(classLoader);
}

@AspectJ注解处理

@Aspect注解表示一个AspectJ配置类，里面可以配置切点和切面，以及二者之间的关系

注意：@Aspect在Spring中没有专门定义一个组件去扫描它，因此需要其他额外的配置将@AspectJ配置的那个类放入Spring容器

1. 加@Component注解

2. 使用@ComponentScan注解

3. 如果使用XML配置，可以使用context:component-scan，还需要配置<context:include-filter/> ，其中context:component-scan这个标签是扫描@Component、@Controller、@Service等这些注解的类，则把这些类注册为bean。它不扫描@Aspect注解的。所以需要在子标签添加 <context:include-filter type="annotation"expression=“org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect”/>

代理调用过程

如果想跟踪Advice是如何执行的，以及Advice执行到被代理类方法执行的过程，该怎么办呢？

仅需要进行简单的设置，即可输出cglib以及jdk动态代理产生的class文件，然后工具查看生成的动态代理类

java">// 输出cglib动态代理产生的类
System.setProperty(DebuggingClassWriter.DEBUG_LOCATION_PROPERTY, "D:\\class");
// 输出jdk动态代理产生的类
System.getProperties().put("sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles", "true");

基于CGlib的代理类命名方式为：被代理类类名 + $$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$ + 8个随机字符，例如：UserService$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$efcfcced

使用jd-gui工具查看反编译的字节码，如下图所示

可以在里面找到login方法

下面将login方法调用的相关内容拿出来看看

java">import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.aopalliance.aop.Advice;
import org.springframework.aop.Advisor;
import org.springframework.aop.SpringProxy;
import org.springframework.aop.TargetClassAware;
import org.springframework.aop.TargetSource;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.Advised;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.AopConfigException;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Signature;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Callback;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Dispatcher;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Factory;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.NoOp;public class UserService$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$efcfcced extends UserService implements SpringProxy, Advised, Factory {private MethodInterceptor CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$login$0$Proxy;private static final Method CGLIB$login$0$Method;public final String login(String paramString1, String paramString2) {if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null)CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); return (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 != null) ? (String)this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0.intercept(this, CGLIB$login$0$Method, new Object[] { paramString1, paramString2 }, CGLIB$login$0$Proxy): super.login(paramString1, paramString2);}
}

MethodInterceptor是spring-core提供的一个接口

java">public interface MethodInterceptor extends Callback {Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable;
}

intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy proxy)是 MethodInterceptor 的核心方法。在方法被调用时，Spring 会调用此方法，传递如下参数：

1. obj：被代理的目标对象，即UserService
2. method：被调用的方法，即login方法
3. args：方法的参数
4. proxy：用于调用目标方法的 MethodProxy 对象

现在只知道CGLIB$CALLBACK_0是一个MethodInterceptor，但到底是哪个实现呢，我们可以通过Debug查看，如下图所示，可以看到它的实际类型是org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy.DynamicAdvisedInterceptor

java">@Override
public Object intercept(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {Object oldProxy = null;boolean setProxyContext = false;Object target = null;// this.advised -> ProxyFactoryTargetSource targetSource = this.advised.getTargetSource();try {if (this.advised.exposeProxy) {// Make invocation available if necessary.oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy);setProxyContext = true;}// Get as late as possible to minimize the time we "own" the target, in case it comes from a pool...target = targetSource.getTarget();Class<?> targetClass = (target != null ? target.getClass() : null);// 获取拦截器链，即@Around, @Before等修饰的方法List<Object> chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method, targetClass);Object retVal;// Check whether we only have one InvokerInterceptor: that is,// no real advice, but just reflective invocation of the target.if (chain.isEmpty() && CglibMethodInvocation.isMethodProxyCompatible(method)) {// We can skip creating a MethodInvocation: just invoke the target directly.// Note that the final invoker must be an InvokerInterceptor, so we know// it does nothing but a reflective operation on the target, and no hot// swapping or fancy proxying.Object[] argsToUse = AopProxyUtils.adaptArgumentsIfNecessary(method, args);retVal = invokeMethod(target, method, argsToUse, methodProxy);}else {// We need to create a method invocation...retVal = new CglibMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain, methodProxy).proceed();}retVal = processReturnType(proxy, target, method, retVal);return retVal;}finally {if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) {targetSource.releaseTarget(target);}if (setProxyContext) {// Restore old proxy.AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy);}}
}